The United States National Security Council (NSC) is the principal forum used by the president of the United States for consideration of national security,military,and foreign policy matters. Based in the White House,it is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States,and composed of senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials.
PJSC Sberbank is a Russian majority state-owned banking and financial services company headquartered in Moscow. It was called Sberbank of Russia until 2015. Sberbank has operations in several European nations,primarily post-Soviet countries.
Janet Louise Yellen is an American economist serving as the 78th United States secretary of the treasury since January 26,2021. She previously served as the 15th chair of the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2018. She is the first person to hold those positions having also led the White House Council of Economic Advisers and the first woman to hold either post.
Russian oligarchs are business oligarchs of the former Soviet republics who rapidly accumulated wealth in the 1990s via the Russian privatisation that followed the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The failing Soviet state left the ownership of state assets contested,which allowed for informal deals with former USSR officials as a means to acquire state property.
Sberbank CIB is a multinational investment banking and asset management firm headquartered in Moscow,Russia,and a subsidiary of Sberbank. It was founded in Moscow in 1991,and was formerly known as Troika Dialog.
The United States Deputy National Security Advisor is a member of the Executive Office of the President of the United States and the United States National Security Council,serving under the President's National Security Advisor.
Lael Brainard is an American economist serving as the 14th director of the National Economic Council since February 21,2023. She previously served as the 22nd vice chair of the Federal Reserve between May 2022 and February 2023. Prior to her term as vice chair,Brainard served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors,taking office in 2014. Before her appointment to the Federal Reserve,she served as the under secretary of the treasury for international affairs from 2010 to 2013.
Antony John Blinken is an American lawyer and diplomat. Since January 26,2021,he has served as the 71st United States secretary of state. He previously served as deputy national security advisor from 2013 to 2015 and deputy secretary of state from 2015 to 2017 under President Barack Obama. Blinken was previously national security advisor to then-vice president Joe Biden from 2009 to 2013.
Jacob Jeremiah Sullivan is an American attorney who currently serves as the United States National Security Advisor,reporting directly to President Joe Biden. He previously served as Director of Policy to President Barack Obama,National Security Advisor to then Vice President Biden and Deputy Chief of Staff to Secretary Hillary Clinton at the U.S. Department of State. Sullivan also served as senior advisor to the U.S. federal government at the Iran nuclear negotiations and senior policy advisor to Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign,as well as visiting professor at Yale Law School.
International sanctions have been imposed against Russia and Crimea during the Russo-Ukrainian War by a large number of countries,including the United States,Canada,the European Union,and international organisations following the Russian annexation of Crimea,which began in late February 2014. Belarus has also been sanctioned for its cooperation with and assistance to Russian armed forces. The sanctions were imposed against individuals,businesses,and officials from Russia and Ukraine. Russia responded with sanctions against several countries,including a total ban on food imports from Australia,Canada,Norway,Japan,the United States,the EU and the United Kingdom.
Elizabeth D. Sherwood-Randall is an American national security and energy leader,public servant,educator,and author currently serving as the 11th United States Homeland Security Advisor to President Joe Biden since 2021. She previously served in the Clinton and Obama Administrations and held appointments at academic institutions and think tanks.
Amos J. Hochstein is a U.S. businessman,diplomat,and lobbyist. Currently the Deputy Assistant to the President and Senior Adviser for Energy and Investment under U.S. President Joe Biden,he has worked in the U.S. Congress,has testified before congressional panels and has served in the Barack Obama administration under Secretaries of State Clinton and Kerry. He was appointed Deputy Assistant Secretary of State in 2011 and as Special Envoy and Coordinator for International Energy Affairs. In 2015,President Barack Obama nominated Hochstein to be the Assistant Secretary of State for Energy Resources but the Senate did not act on the nomination.
Nord Stream 2 is a 1,234-kilometre-long (767 mi) natural gas pipeline from Russia to Germany running through the Baltic Sea,financed by Gazprom and several European energy companies. The construction of the pipeline started in 2011,to expand the Nord Stream 1 line and double annual capacity to 110 billion cubic metres. It was completed in September 2021,but has not yet entered service. Planning and construction of the pipeline were mired in political controversy over fears that Russia would use it for geopolitical advantage with Europe and Ukraine.
Adewale O. "Wally" Adeyemo is an American government official serving as the United States deputy secretary of the treasury. He was the first president of the Obama Foundation and also served during the Obama administration as the deputy national security advisor for international economics from 2015 to 2016 and deputy director of the National Economic Council.
The foreign policy of the Joe Biden administration emphasizes the repair of the United States' alliances,which Biden argues were damaged during the Trump administration. The administration's goal is to restore the United States to a "position of trusted leadership" among global democracies in order to address challenges posed by Russia and China. Both Biden and his Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin have repeatedly emphasized that no other world power should be able to surpass the United States,either militarily or economically.
The 2021 Russia–United States summit was a summit meeting between United States President Joe Biden and Russian President Vladimir Putin on 16 June 2021,in Geneva,Switzerland.
Caroline Atkinson,is an American economist,politician and former journalist. In 2013,she had been the Deputy Assistant to 44th US president,Barack Obama,and was his Deputy National Security Advisor for International Economic Affairs.
Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine beginning on 24 February 2022,the United States,the European Union,and other Western countries introduced or significantly expanded sanctions covering Russian President Vladimir Putin,other government members and Russian citizens in general. Some Russian banks were banned from using the SWIFT international payments system. The sanctions and the boycotts of Russia and Belarus impacted the Russian economy.
The response of the United States to the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine that began in 2022 has been in favor of Ukraine. President Biden condemned the invasion,providing military and humanitarian aid to Ukraine,and sanctioning Russia and Belarus,the countries heavily involved in invading Ukraine.
