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Nepal uses both the DMY and YMD format when writing dates, and uses 12-hour format for time.
| Full date | 10 December 2023 १० डिसेम्बर २०२३ |
|---|---|
| All-numeric date | 10/12/2023 2023-12-10 |
| Time | 9:19 pm [refresh] |
YYYY-MM-DD is official date format for the Bikram Sambat calendar used in Nepal. While speaking and writing full BS dates, the mmmm d, yyyy format is often used alongside the yyyy mmmm d format. For instance, the 23rd of Chaitra, 2077 BS can be spoken and written as Chaitra 23, 2077 (चैत २३, २०७७) or 2077 Chaitra 23 (२०७७ चैत २३). An example of Vikram Samvat YYYY-MM-DD usage used is the online news portal Onlinekhabar. [1] When using the Gregorian calendar, both YYYY-MM-DD (2023-12-10) and DD/MM/YYYY (10/12/2023) format can be used. While the DMY format (10 December 2023) is used when writing full Gregorian dates, the MDY format (December 10, 2023) is also acceptable. All government documents need to be filled up in the YYYY-MM-DD format. [2] A week starts on a Sunday (आइतबार) and ends on a Saturday (शनिबार). [3]
The names of months in the Vikram Samvat in Nepali with their roughly corresponding Gregorian months are given below.
| Month | Gregorian |
|---|---|
| बैशाख | April – May |
| जेठ | May – June |
| असार | June – July |
| श्रावण | July – August |
| भदौ | August – September |
| आश्विन | September – October |
| कार्तिक | October – November |
| मंसिर | November – December |
| पुष | December – January |
| माघ | January – February |
| फाल्गुन | February – March |
| चैत्र | March – April |
The names of days in Nepali alongside their corresponding English days are given below:
| Nepali | English |
|---|---|
| आइतबार | Sunday |
| सोमबार | Monday |
| मंगलबार | Tuesday |
| बुधबार | Wednesday |
| बिहिबार | Thursday |
| शुक्रबार | Friday |
| शनिबार | Saturday |
| |
The 12-hour notation (9:19 pm) is widely used in daily life, written communication, and is used in spoken language. The 24-hour notation (21:19) is used only in rare situations where there would be widespread ambiguity. Examples include plane departure and landing timings. A colon is widely used to separate hours, minutes and seconds (e.g., 14:39:16).
A calendar date is a reference to a particular day represented within a calendar system. The calendar date allows the specific day to be identified. The number of days between two dates may be calculated. For example, "25 December 2023" is ten days after "15 December 2023". The date of a particular event depends on the observed time zone. For example, the air attack on Pearl Harbor that began at 7:48 a.m. Hawaiian time on 7 December 1941 took place at 3:18 a.m. Japan Standard Time, 8 December in Japan.
ISO 8601 is an international standard covering the worldwide exchange and communication of date and time-related data. It is maintained by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and was first published in 1988, with updates in 1991, 2000, 2004, and 2019, and an amendment in 2022. The standard provides a well-defined, unambiguous method of representing calendar dates and times in worldwide communications, especially to avoid misinterpreting numeric dates and times when such data is transferred between countries with different conventions for writing numeric dates and times.
Chaitra is a month of the Hindu calendar.
Vikram Samvat, also known as the Vikrami calendar, is a Hindu calendar historically used in the Indian subcontinent. Vikram Samvat is generally 57 years ahead of the Gregorian Calendar, except during January to April, when it is ahead by 56 years. It is one of two official calendars of Nepal, alongside Nepal Sambat. In India, it is used in several states. The traditional Vikram Samvat calendar, as used in India, uses lunar months and solar sidereal years. The Nepali Bikram Sambat, introduced in 1901, also uses a solar sidereal year.
Nepal Sambat, also spelled as Nepala Sambata, is the lunisolar calendar used by Nepali of Nepal. The calendar era began on 20 October 879 AD, with 1143 in Nepal Sambat corresponding to the year 2022–2023 AD. Nepal Sambat appeared on coins, stone and copper plate inscriptions, royal decrees, chronicles, Hindu and Buddhist manuscripts, legal documents and correspondence.
Date and time notation in Canada combines conventions from the United Kingdom, conventions from the United States, and conventions from France, often creating confusion. The Government of Canada specifies the ISO 8601 format for all-numeric dates. It recommends writing the time using the 24-hour clock (02:49) for maximum clarity in both Canadian English and Canadian French, but also allows the 12-hour clock (2:49 a.m.) in English.
Date and time notation in the United States differs from that used in nearly all other countries. It is inherited from one historical branch of conventions from the United Kingdom. American styles of notation have also influenced customs of date notation in Canada, creating confusion in international commerce.
Date and time notation in Sweden mostly follows the ISO 8601 standard: dates are generally written in the form YYYY-MM-DD. Although this format may be abbreviated in a number of ways, almost all Swedish date notations state the month between the year and the day. Months are not capitalised when written. The week number may also be used in writing and in speech. Times are generally written using 24-hour clock notation, with full stops as separators, although 12-hour clock notation is more frequently used in speech.
The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and (CENELEC) adopted ISO 8601 with EN 28601, now EN ISO 8601. As a European Norm, CEN and CENELEC member states are obligated to adopt the standard as national standard without alterations as well.
In Turkey, the little endian date format is used, and 24-hour clock is more common than 12-hour clock system.
ISO 8601 has been adopted as BIS IS 7900:2001.
The Philippines has not officially adopted any time and date representation standard based on the ISO 8601. Notation practices across the country are in various, customary formats.
The most formal manner of expressing the full date and/or time in South Korea is to suffix each of the year, month, day, ante/post-meridiem indicator, hour, minute and second with the corresponding unit and separating each with a space:
Date and time notation in Pakistan is based on the Gregorian and Islamic calendars. Pakistan has not officially adopted any time and date representation standard based on the ISO 8601.
Nepal uses three official calendar systems, including the Nepal Sambat as the main and national calendar, the Gregorian calendar for international events and Christian holidays, and the Vikram Samvat for Hindu holidays.
In Russia, dates are usually written in "day month year" (DMY) order. The 12-hour notation is often used in the spoken language, and the 24-hour notation is used in writing.
Date and time notation in Vietnam describes methods of expressing date and time used in Vietnam.
