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Nepal uses both the DMY and YMD format when writing dates, and uses 12-hour format for time.
| Full date | 1 November 2024 १ नोभेम्बर २०२४ |
|---|---|
| All-numeric date | 01/11/2024 2024-11-01 |
| Time | 7:29 pm [refresh] |
14/09/2035
YYYY-MM-DD is official date format for the Bikram Sambat calendar used in Nepal. While speaking and writing full BS dates, the mmmm d, yyyy format is often used alongside the yyyy mmmm d format. For instance, the 23rd of Chaitra, 2077 BS can be spoken and written as Chaitra 23, 2077 (चैत २३, २०७७) or 2077 Chaitra 23 (२०७७ चैत २३). An example of Vikram Samvat YYYY-MM-DD usage used is the online news portal Onlinekhabar. [1] When using the Gregorian calendar, both YYYY-MM-DD (2024-11-01) and DD/MM/YYYY (01/11/2024) format can be used. While the DMY format (1 November 2024) is used when writing full Gregorian dates, the MDY format (November 1, 2024) is also acceptable. All government documents need to be filled up in the YYYY-MM-DD format. [2] A week starts on a Sunday (आइतबार) and ends on a Saturday (शनिबार). [3]
The names of months in the Vikram Samvat in Nepali with their roughly corresponding Gregorian months are given below.
| Month | Gregorian |
|---|---|
| बैशाख | April – May |
| जेठ | May – June |
| असार | June – July |
| श्रावण | July – August |
| भदौ | August – September |
| आश्विन | September – October |
| कार्तिक | October – November |
| मंसिर | November – December |
| पुष | December – January |
| माघ | January – February |
| फाल्गुन | February – March |
| चैत्र | March – April |
The names of days in Nepali alongside their corresponding English days are given below:
| Nepali | English |
|---|---|
| आइतबार | Sunday |
| सोमबार | Monday |
| मंगलबार | Tuesday |
| बुधबार | Wednesday |
| बिहिबार | Thursday |
| शुक्रबार | Friday |
| शनिबार | Saturday |
| |
The 12-hour notation (7:29 pm) is widely used in daily life, written communication, and is used in spoken language. The 24-hour notation (19:29) is used only in rare situations where there would be widespread ambiguity. Examples include plane departure and landing timings. A colon is widely used to separate hours, minutes and seconds (e.g., 14:39:16).
A calendar date is a reference to a particular day represented within a calendar system. The calendar date allows the specific day to be identified. The number of days between two dates may be calculated. For example, "25 October 2024" is ten days after "15 October 2024". The date of a particular event depends on the observed time zone. For example, the air attack on Pearl Harbor that began at 7:48 a.m. Hawaiian time on 7 December 1941 took place at 3:18 a.m. Japan Standard Time, 8 December in Japan.
ISO 8601 is an international standard covering the worldwide exchange and communication of date and time-related data. It is maintained by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and was first published in 1988, with updates in 1991, 2000, 2004, and 2019, and an amendment in 2022. The standard provides a well-defined, unambiguous method of representing calendar dates and times in worldwide communications, especially to avoid misinterpreting numeric dates and times when such data is transferred between countries with different conventions for writing numeric dates and times.
The Hindu calendar, also called Panchanga, is one of various lunisolar calendars that are traditionally used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, with further regional variations for social and Hindu religious purposes. They adopt a similar underlying concept for timekeeping based on sidereal year for solar cycle and adjustment of lunar cycles in every three years, but differ in their relative emphasis to moon cycle or the sun cycle and the names of months and when they consider the New Year to start. Of the various regional calendars, the most studied and known Hindu calendars are the Shalivahana Shaka found in the Deccan region of Southern India and the Vikram Samvat (Bikrami) found in Nepal and the North and Central regions of India – both of which emphasize the lunar cycle. Their new year starts in spring. In regions such as Tamil Nadu and Kerala, the solar cycle is emphasized and this is called the Tamil calendar and Malayalam calendar and these have origins in the second half of the 1st millennium CE. A Hindu calendar is sometimes referred to as Panchangam (पञ्चाङ्गम्), which is also known as Panjika in Eastern India.
Vikram Samvat, also known as the Vikrami calendar is a national Hindu calendar historically used in the Indian subcontinent and still also used in several Indian states. It is a solar calendar, using twelve to thirteen lunar months each solar sidereal years. The year count of the Vikram Samvat calendar is usually 57 years ahead of the Gregorian calendar, except during January to April, when it is ahead by 56 years.
Nepal Sambat is the lunisolar calendar used by the Newar people of Nepal. It was the official calendar of Nepal since its inception on 20 October 879 till the end of the Malla dynasty in 1769. During the period, Nepal Sambat appeared on coins, stone and copper plate inscriptions, royal decrees, chronicles, Hindu and Buddhist manuscripts, legal documents and correspondence. After the conquest of Nepal by the Shahs in 1769, the official calendar of the country was replaced with Shaka era and then later by the Vikram Samvat.
Date and time notation in Canada combines conventions from the United Kingdom, conventions from the United States, and conventions from France, often creating confusion. The Government of Canada specifies the ISO 8601 format for all-numeric dates. It recommends writing the time using the 24-hour clock (22:01) for maximum clarity in both Canadian English and Canadian French, but also allows the 12-hour clock (10:01 p.m.) in English.
Date and time notation in the United States differs from that used in nearly all other countries. It is inherited from one historical branch of conventions from the United Kingdom. American styles of notation have also influenced customs of date notation in Canada, creating confusion in international commerce.
Date and time notation in Sweden mostly follows the ISO 8601 standard: dates are generally written in the form YYYY-MM-DD. Although this format may be abbreviated in a number of ways, almost all Swedish date notations state the month between the year and the day. Months are not capitalised when written. The week number may also be used in writing and in speech. Times are generally written using 24-hour clock notation, with full stops as separators, although 12-hour clock notation is more frequently used in speech.
The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and (CENELEC) adopted ISO 8601 with EN 28601, now EN ISO 8601. As a European Norm, CEN and CENELEC member states are obligated to adopt the standard as national standard without alterations as well.
In Turkey, the little endian date format is used, and 24-hour clock is more common than 12-hour clock system.
ISO 8601 has been adopted as BIS IS 7900:2001.
Date and time notation in the Philippines varies across the country in various, customary formats. Some government agencies in the Philippines have adopted time and date representation standard based on the ISO 8601, notably the driver's license and the Unified Multi-Purpose ID.
The most formal manner of expressing the full date and/or time in South Korea is to suffix each of the year, month, day, ante/post-meridiem indicator, hour, minute and second with the corresponding unit and separating each with a space:
Date and time notation in Pakistan is based on the Gregorian and Islamic calendars. Pakistan has not officially adopted any time and date representation standard based on the ISO 8601.
Nepal uses three official calendar systems, including the Vikram Samvat as the main and national calendar as well as for Buddhist/Hindu holidays, the Nepal Sambat and the Gregorian calendar for international events and holidays.
In Russia, dates are usually written in "day month year" (DMY) order. The 12-hour notation is often used in the spoken language, and the 24-hour notation is used in writing.
Date and time notation in Vietnam describes methods of expressing date and time used in Vietnam.
