David Alan Johnson | |
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Born | 1952 (age 71–72) |
Academic background | |
Alma mater |
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Academic work | |
Discipline | Philosophy |
Sub-discipline | Epistemology,philosophical logic |
Institutions | University of Nebraska Princeton University Ohio State University University of Connecticut Wesleyan University College of William &Mary Syracuse University UCLA Yeshiva University |
Notable works | Hume,Holism,and Miracles (1999) Truth Without Paradox (2004) |
Website | www |
David Alan Johnson (born 1952) is Associate Professor of Philosophy and chair of the Department of Philosophy at Yeshiva University [1] and has previously taught at UCLA,Syracuse University,Ohio State University,University of Connecticut,Wesleyan University,and College of William &Mary. [2]
He was raised in Lincoln,Nebraska,and earned his BA from the University of Nebraska while studying under Robert Audi. He earned his PhD from Princeton University while studying under Gilbert Harman,and was influenced by Saul Kripke's work. His areas of concentration are Analytic philosophy,Philosophical logic,Epistemology,and Philosophy of Religion,and he is conservative and theist.
In his first book,Hume,Holism,and Miracles, [3] Johnson purports to have refuted David Hume's popular argument for the irrationality of belief in testimony of miracles (as can be found in his essay entitled "Of Miracles") as well as several reconstructions of Hume's argument,such as those of philosophers Jordan Howard Sobel,John Stuart Mill,J. L. Mackie,and Antony Flew. Subsequently,Robert Fogelin (of Dartmouth College) responded to Johnson's critique (among others') of Hume in his book A Defense of Hume on Miracles, [4] claiming that they had misunderstood Hume's argument..
Johnson's second book,Truth Without Paradox, [5] purports to resolve some traditional problems in Metaphysics,including the Liar paradox and the Lottery paradox. In its fifth and final chapter,Johnson presents an ontological argument and a historical argument for the existence of God and the validity of the Bible.
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher,historian,economist,and essayist who was best known for his highly influential system of empiricism,philosophical skepticism and metaphysical naturalism. Beginning with A Treatise of Human Nature (1739–40),Hume strove to create a naturalistic science of man that examined the psychological basis of human nature. Hume followed John Locke in rejecting the existence of innate ideas,concluding that all human knowledge derives solely from experience. This places him with Francis Bacon,Thomas Hobbes,John Locke,and George Berkeley as an empiricist.
William Paley was an English Anglican clergyman,Christian apologist,philosopher,and utilitarian. He is best known for his natural theology exposition of the teleological argument for the existence of God in his work Natural Theology or Evidences of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity,which made use of the watchmaker analogy.
Willard Van Orman Quine was an American philosopher and logician in the analytic tradition,recognized as "one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century". He served as the Edgar Pierce Chair of Philosophy at Harvard University from 1956 to 1978.
Hilary Whitehall Putnam was an American philosopher,mathematician,computer scientist,and figure in analytic philosophy in the second half of the 20th century. He contributed to the studies of philosophy of mind,philosophy of language,philosophy of mathematics,and philosophy of science. Outside philosophy,Putnam contributed to mathematics and computer science. Together with Martin Davis he developed the Davis–Putnam algorithm for the Boolean satisfiability problem and he helped demonstrate the unsolvability of Hilbert's tenth problem.
Analytic philosophy is an analysis focused,broad,contemporary movement or tradition within Western philosophy,especially anglophone philosophy. Analytic philosophy is characterized by a clarity of prose;rigor in arguments;and making use of formal logic and mathematics,and,to a lesser degree,the natural sciences. It is further characterized by an interest in language and meaning known as the linguistic turn. It has developed several new branches of philosophy and logic,notably philosophy of language,philosophy of mathematics,philosophy of science,modern predicate logic and mathematical logic.
Richard McKay Rorty was an American philosopher. Educated at the University of Chicago and Yale University,he had strong interests and training in both the history of philosophy and in contemporary analytic philosophy. Rorty's academic career included appointments as the Stuart Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University,the Kenan Professor of Humanities at the University of Virginia,and as a professor of comparative literature at Stanford University. Among his most influential books are Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature (1979),Consequences of Pragmatism (1982),and Contingency,Irony,and Solidarity (1989).
John Leslie Mackie was an Australian philosopher. He made significant contributions to ethics,the philosophy of religion,metaphysics,and the philosophy of language. Mackie had influential views on metaethics,including his defence of moral scepticism and his sophisticated defence of atheism. He wrote six books. His most widely known,Ethics:Inventing Right and Wrong (1977),opens by boldly stating,"There are no objective values." It goes on to argue that because of this,ethics must be invented rather than discovered.
Ram Roy Bhaskar was an English philosopher of science who is best known as the initiator of the philosophical movement of critical realism (CR). Bhaskar argued that the task of science is "the production of the knowledge of those enduring and continually active mechanisms of nature that produce the phenomena of the world",rather than the discovery of quantitative laws,and that experimental science makes sense only if such mechanisms exist and operate outside the lab as well as inside it.
Crito is a dialogue that was written by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato. It depicts a conversation between Socrates and his wealthy friend Crito of Alopece regarding justice (δικαιοσύνη),injustice (ἀδικία),and the appropriate response to injustice after Socrates's imprisonment,which is chronicled in the Apology.
Pyrrhonism is an Ancient Greek school of philosophical skepticism which rejects dogma and advocates the suspension of judgement over the truth of all beliefs. It was founded by Aenesidemus in the first century BCE,and said to have been inspired by the teachings of Pyrrho and Timon of Phlius in the fourth century BCE. Pyrrhonism is best known today through the surviving works of Sextus Empiricus,writing in the late second century or early third century CE. The publication of Sextus' works in the Renaissance ignited a revival of interest in Skepticism and played a major role in Reformation thought and the development of early modern philosophy.
Laurence BonJour is an American philosopher and Emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Washington.
David Schmidtz is a Canadian-American philosopher. He is Presidential Chair of Moral Science at West Virginia University's Chambers College of Business and Economics. He is also editor-in-chief of the journal Social Philosophy &Policy. Previously,he was Kendrick Professor of Philosophy and Eller Chair of Service-Dominant Logic at the University of Arizona. While at Arizona,he founded and served as inaugural head of the Department of Political Economy and Moral Science.
Prometheus Books is a publishing company founded in August 1969 by the philosopher Paul Kurtz. The publisher's name was derived from Prometheus,the Titan from Greek mythology who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to man. This act is often used as a metaphor for bringing knowledge or enlightenment.
Francis J. "Frank" Beckwith is an American philosopher,professor,scholar,speaker,writer,and lecturer.
"Of Miracles" is the tenth section of David Hume's An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (1748). In this piece,Hume states that evidence of miracles is never sufficient for rational belief.
Epistemology or theory of knowledge is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope (limitations) of knowledge. It addresses the questions "What is knowledge?","How is knowledge acquired?","What do people know?","How do we know what we know?",and "Why do we know what we know?". Much of the debate in this field has focused on analyzing the nature of knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as truth,belief,and justification. It also deals with the means of production of knowledge,as well as skepticism about different knowledge claims.
Robert F. Almeder is Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Georgia State University. He is known in particular for his work on the philosophy of science,and has also written on the philosophy of mind,epistemology and ethics. He is the author of 24 books,including The Philosophy of Charles S. Peirce (1980),Death and Personal Survival (1992),Harmless Naturalism:The Limits of Science and the Nature of Philosophy (1998),Human Happiness and Morality (2000),and Truth and Skepticism (2010).
Robert John Fogelin was an American philosopher,and advocate and leading scholar of modern Pyrrhonism. He was a professor of philosophy and Sherman Fairchild Professor in the humanities (emeritus) at Dartmouth College where he had taught since 1980. He was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2005.
Margaret Dauler Wilson was an American philosopher and a professor of philosophy at Princeton University between 1970 and 1998.
Philosophy of ecology is a concept under the philosophy of science,which is a subfield of philosophy. Its main concerns centre on the practice and application of ecology,its moral issues,and the intersectionality between the position of humans and other entities. This topic also overlaps with metaphysics,ontology,and epistemology,for example,as it attempts to answer metaphysical,epistemic and moral issues surrounding environmental ethics and public policy.
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