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Declaration of State Sovereignty of Bashkortostan Bashkir: Башҡортостандын Дәүләт Суверенитеты тураһында Декларация, Bashqortostandyn Da’yla’t Suverenitety turahynda Deklaracziya | |
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Created | 11 October 1990 |
Ratified | 11 October 1990 |
Location | ![]() ![]() |
Purpose | Declaration of sovereignty |
Declaration of State Sovereignty of Bashkortostan was a document declaring the political and economic autonomy of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from the Soviet Union. [1] The Declaration was adopted on 11 October 1990 at the third session of the Supreme Soviet of the Bashkir ASSR. The former Bashkir ASSR is today the Republic of Bashkortostan, a federal subject of Russia.
On 12 June 1990 the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. This Declaration, as well as laws of the USSR "On the division of powers between the USSR and the subjects of the Federation", "On the basis of economic relations of the USSR and the Union and autonomous republics" were the legal basis for the development and adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Bashkir Republic.
With the launch of the Supreme Council BASSR, which started the drafting of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Bashkir SSR in the country, a discussion about the place of Bashkortostan in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation began. During the development of the Declaration there were designated two centres – in the Supreme Soviet Bashkir ASSR Council of Ministers and the Bashkir ASSR. At the end of July 1990 were developed two draft Declaration that August 2, 1990 were sent to USSR People's Deputies of the RSFSR and BASSR for study and their proposals.
On 10 August 1990 several projects have been published on the Declaration pages by national newspapers for public discussion, among which was a draft prepared by scholars L. Sh. Gumerova, Z. I. Enikeew, A. N. Timonin and F. Z. Yusupov.
On 11 October 1990 at the third session of the Supreme Soviet of the Bashkir ASSR, they adopted of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Republic. [1]
Murtaza Rakhimov described the adoption of the Bashkortostan Declaration of Sovereignty as "In the name of great aims", "we may say that the Bashkort people is undergoing its second birth. The development of the national culture, growing interest in the native language, of the old traditions — all this gives hope that the Bashkorts will not lose its national originality. It is necessary to point out that further all-round development of the Bashkort people will be possible only if other peoples of Bashkortostan go through the same process of development, will use their native languages, enjoy their morality, history and culture." [2]
Bashkortostan celebrates 11 October as Republic Day, a national holiday – the Day of the Declaration on State Sovereignty of the Republic. [3] The holiday was enacted by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Bashkortostan on 27 February 1992. Along with other national holidays like Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and the Day of the Constitution of Bashkortostan, the Republic Day is a non-working holiday.
An Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was a type of administrative unit in the Soviet Union (USSR), created for certain ethnic groups to be the titular nations of. The ASSRs had a status lower than the constituent union republics of the USSR, but higher than the autonomous oblasts and the autonomous okrugs.
The flags of the Soviet Socialist Republics were all defaced versions of the flag of the Soviet Union, which featured a golden hammer and sickle and a gold-bordered red star on a red field.
The Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as the Checheno-Ingush ASSR, was an autonomous republic within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, in existence from 1936 to 1944 and again from 1957 to 1993. Its capital was Grozny. The 1979 census reported the territory had an area of 19,300 square kilometres (7,500 sq mi) and a population of 1,155,805 : 611,405 Chechens, 134,744 Ingush, and the rest were Russians and other ethnic groups.
The Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, also historically known as Soviet Bashkiria or simply Bashkiria, was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR. Currently it is known as Republic of Bashkortostan, a federal subject of Russia. The Bashkir ASSR was the first Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the RSFSR.
The coat of arms of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on March 23, 1937, by the government of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic. The coat of arms is based on the coat of arms of the Soviet Union. It shows symbols of agriculture on a backdrop of the Ala-Too mountain ranges, surrounded by a frame of folk art of the Kyrgyz people. The red star was added in 1948. The rising sun stands for the future of the Kyrgyz nation, the star as well as the hammer and sickle for the victory of communism and the "worldwide socialist community of states".
The flag of the Republic of Bashkortostan, in the Russian Federation, is one of the official symbols of the Republic of Bashkortostan, alongside the coat of arms and the national anthem of Bashkortostan. The flag has three horizontal stripes. From top to bottom, the stripes are teal blue, white, and green. The flag has been used officially as the flag of the Republic of Bashkortostan since 25 February 1992. The white stripe of the flag is charged with a Kurai flower in the center.
The Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR was a political act of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, then part of the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of constitutional reform in Russia. The Declaration was adopted by the First Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian SFSR on 12 June 1990. It proclaimed the sovereignty of the Russian SFSR and the intention to establish a democratic constitutional state within a liberalized Soviet Union. The declaration also states the following:
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, previously known as the Russian Soviet Republic and the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, as well as being unofficially referred to as Soviet Russia, the Russian Federation, or simply Russia, was an independent federal socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous constituent republic of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR. The Russian SFSR was composed of sixteen smaller constituent units of autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group. The capital of the Russian SFSR and the USSR as a whole was Moscow and the other major urban centers included Leningrad, Stalingrad, Novosibirsk, Sverdlovsk, Gorky and Kuybyshev. It was the first socialist state in the world.
Mustai Karim, was a Bashkir Soviet poet, writer and playwright. He was named People's Poet of the Bashkir ASSR (1963), Hero of Socialist Labour (1979), and winner of the Lenin Prize (1984) and the USSR State Prize (1972).
The Declaration and Treaty on the Formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics officially created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union. It de jure legalised a political union of several Soviet republics that had existed since 1919 and created a new federal government whose key functions were centralised in Moscow. Its legislative branch consisted of the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union and the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union (TsIK), while the Council of People's Commissars composed the executive.
The Government of Bashkortostan is a governing body of Bashkortostan in Russia which exercises executive power under the authority of the Republic Head whom appoints cabinet which is composed of the Prime Minister, the deputy prime ministers, and the ministers that are approved by the governing legislature is the State Assembly.
Hadiya Davletshina , was a Bashkir poet, writer and playwright.
The national emblem of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1937 by the government of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The device is based on the emblem of the Soviet Union.
The national emblem of the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1937 by the government of the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The emblem is identical to the emblem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The national emblem of the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1937 by the government of the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The emblem is identical to the emblem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1957 by the government of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The flag of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
Zekeria Sharafutdinovich Aknazarov - Soviet statesman and party leader. Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Bashkir ASSR (1962–1986).