Dendrobatinae | |
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Dyeing dart frog, Dendrobates tinctorius. | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Dendrobatidae |
Subfamily: | Dendrobatinae Cope, 1865 |
Genera | |
Adelphobates Contents |
Dendrobatinae is the main subfamily of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae, the poison dart frogs of Central and South America, found from Nicaragua to the Amazon basin in Brazil. [1]
Dendrobatinae are generally small frogs; Andinobates minutus is as small as 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in) in snout–vent length. Many species are brightly colored and all are toxic. Alkaloids in Phyllobates are particularly potent. [2] [3]
All species are presumed to show parental care, often by the male. However, some species show biparental care ( Ranitomeya ), whereas in Oophaga only females care for the tadpoles, feeding them with eggs, their only source of nutrition. [2] The males are responsible for protecting the eggs from predation and keeping the eggs from drying out by urinating on them. [4]
There are eight [1] [2] or seven [3] genera in this subfamily:
Image | Genus | Living species |
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| Adelphobates Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006 |
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![]() | Andinobates Twomey, Brown, Amézquita, and Mejía-Vargas, 2011 |
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![]() | Dendrobates Wagler, 1830 |
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![]() | Excidobates Twomey and Brown, 2008 |
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Minyobates Myers, 1987 |
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![]() | Oophaga Bauer, 1994 |
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![]() | Phyllobates Duméril and Bibron, 1841 | P. lugubris species group
P. bicolor species group
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![]() | Ranitomeya Bauer, 1986 |
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The most specious genera are Ranitomeya (18 species) and Andinobates (16 species). [1] Dendrobates used to be much larger but currently contains only five species, having had most of its species split off into genera erected later. [6]