Dendrobates

Last updated

Dendrobates
Dendrobates tinctorius - Karlsruhe Zoo 05.jpg
Dendrobates tinctorius
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Dendrobatidae
Subfamily: Dendrobatinae
Genus: Dendrobates
Wagler, 1830
Type species
Dendrobates tinctorius
Cuvier, 1797
Diversity
5 species (see text)
Dendrobates mapa.png
Distribution of the five Dendrobates species

Dendrobates is a genus of poison dart frogs native to Central and South America. It once contained numerous species, but most originally placed in this genus have been split off into other genera such as Adelphobates , Ameerega , Andinobates , Epipedobates , Excidobates , Oophaga , Phyllobates and Ranitomeya (essentially all the brightly marked poison dart frogs; i.e. excluding the duller genera in the family like Colostethus and Hyloxalus ), leaving only five large to medium-sized species in the genus Dendrobates. [1] [2] All the other genera used to be grouped in with Dendrobates because it was previously thought that all brightly colored poison dart frogs came from the same ancestor but this has since been proven to be incorrect. [3] Dendrobates and Phyllobates evolved conspicuous coloration from the same common ancestor but not the same as any of the other genera listed above. [4]

There is accumulating evidence that Dendrobates are diet specialists and sequester the toxin found on their skin from their diet. It has been found that diet specialization evolved in tandem with conspicuous coloration in the case of Dendrobates. [5]

The generic name Dendrobates comes from Ancient Greek δένδρον (déndron), meaning "tree", and βάτης (bátes), meaning "climber". [6]

Dendrobates mostly live on the forest floor. They lay their eggs in damp leaf litter on the forest floor. After the eggs hatch, some species of Dendrobates carry their tadpoles on their backs up to the rainforest canopy so they can grow in the pools of water on top of Bromeliaceae, and feed their tadpoles with unfertilized eggs. [7]

Species

ImageCommon nameBinomial name and authority [8] Distribution
Flickr - ggallice - Green and black poison dart frog (2).jpg Green and black poison dart frog Dendrobates auratus (Girard, 1855)southeastern Nicaragua on the Atlantic slope and southeastern Costa Rica on the Pacific coast through Panama to northwestern Colombia (Chocó Department)
Bumblebee Poison Frog Dendrobates leucomelas.jpg Yellow-banded poison dart frog Dendrobates leucomelas Steindachner, 1864Guyana, Brazil, Venezuela and the extreme easternmost part of Colombia
Rockstone poison dart frog Dendrobates nubeculosus Jungfer and Böhme, 2004near Rockstone, Guyana
Flickr- grenouille dendrobate.jpg Dyeing poison dart frog Dendrobates tinctorius (Cuvier, 1797)Guiana Shield, including parts of Guyana, Suriname, Brazil, and nearly all of French Guiana.
Dendrobates truncatus.jpg Yellow-striped poison dart frog Dendrobates truncatus (Cope, 1861)Colombia

References

  1. ↑ Grant, T.; Frost, D. R.; Caldwell, J. P.; Gagliardo, R.; Haddad, C. F. B.; Kok, P. J. R.; Means, D. B.; Noonan, B. P.; Schargel, W. E.; Wheeler, W. C. (2006). "Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 299 (299): 1–262. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.693.8392 . doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2006)299[1:PSODFA]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/5803. S2CID   82263880.
  2. ↑ Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Dendrobatidae". Amphibian Species of the World, an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
  3. ↑ Santos, Juan Carlos; Coloma, Luis A.; Cannatella, David C. (2003-10-28). "Multiple, recurring origins of aposematism and diet specialization in poison frogs". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (22): 12792–12797. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2133521100 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   240697 . PMID   14555763.
  4. ↑ Carvajal-Castro, Juan D.; Vargas-Salinas, Fernando; Casas-Cardona, Santiago; Rojas, Bibiana; Santos, Juan C. (2021-09-24). "Aposematism facilitates the diversification of parental care strategies in poison frogs". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 19047. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1119047C. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-97206-6. ISSN   2045-2322. PMC   8463664 . PMID   34561489.
  5. ↑ Santos, Juan Carlos; Coloma, Luis A.; Cannatella, David C. (2003-10-28). "Multiple, recurring origins of aposematism and diet specialization in poison frogs". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (22): 12792–12797. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2133521100 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   240697 . PMID   14555763.
  6. ↑ Dodd, C. Kenneth (2013). Frogs of the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 20. ISBN   978-1-4214-0633-6.
  7. ↑ Forsyth, Adrian; Miyata, Ken (1984). Tropical Nature: Life and Death in the Rain Forests of Central and South America. New York, NY: Touchstone. pp. 181–183. ISBN   0-684-18710-8.
  8. ↑ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Dendrobates Wagler, 1830". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 13 September 2014.


This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.