Denis Lindsay | |
---|---|
Born | 1943or1944(age 80–81) [1] |
Nationality | British |
Alma mater | Exeter University University of Birmingham |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Lichenology |
Institutions | British Antarctic Survey |
Author abbrev. (botany) | D.C.Linds. |
Denis Christopher Lindsay (born 1943/1944) is a British botanist who made contributions to the field of Antarctic lichenology as part of the British Antarctic Survey. He was among the first professional botanists to perform floristic surveys on several Antarctic islands. His seminal work, The Macrolichens of South Georgia, was one of only three treatments of Antarctic lichens published before the 21st-century.
Lindsay attended Downer Grammar School. In 1965, the 21-year-old Lindsay was living in Kenton, London. He earned a bachelor's degree in botany from Exeter University. [1] He later obtained his Ph.D from the Botany Department at the University of Birmingham in 1971. [2]
In 1965, Lindsay left England with the British Antarctic Survey to study lichen growth rates. The aim of the study was to determine how long the Antarctic islands have been free from a permanent ice cap. [1] From 1965 to 1967, he was stationed on the South Shetland Islands and Signy Island. Here Lindsay furthered the work of lichenologist Elke Mackenzie through the documentation of species and the collection of herbarium specimens. [3] During the austral summer of 1965 to 1966, Lindsay became the first botanist to survey King George Island. He studied the floristics of both lichens and moss. [4] While on Signy Island, he was upset after unexpectedly having to serve as meteorologist for the mission. [5]
After the end of his first tour, Lindsay brough back living lichen specimens to Winterbourne in Birmingham. He noted their high survivorship despite the urban environment. [6] In 1971, Lindsay published Vegetation of the South Shetland Islands, and in doing so was the first professional botanist to report on the flora of Half Moon Island and King George Island. [4] [7]
Lindsay returned to the Antarctic with the BAS from 1971 to 1972. He made botanical collections on the island of South Georgia, where he focused his attention on the genus Cladonia . [8] In 1974, Lindsay published his seminal monograph The Macrolichens of South Georgia. [3] It was one of only three treatments of Antarctic lichens published before the start of the 21st-century, the other two being Carroll William Dodge's discredited Lichen Flora of the Antarctic Continent and Adjacent Islands (1973) and Jorge Redón Figueroa's Liquenes Antarticos (1985). [9]
From 1974 to 1976, Lindsay served as Assistant Keeper in Botany at the Leicester Town Museum. [10] In the 1980s, he led surveyors from the Wildlife Trust for Birmingham and the Black Country to collect lichens in the West Midlands. [11]
The lichen Parmelia lindsayana , first discovered on Signy Island, is named in Lindsay's honor. The holotype was collected by him in 1966. [12] Ryszard Ochyra considered Lindsay "a good English lichenologist and effective collector". [13]
Many of Lindsay's herbarium specimens are housed at the British Antarctic Survey Herbarium (AAS) in Cambridge. [14] Others are held at the Leicestershire Museum Service Herbarium (LSR) in Leicester. [10]
In addition to his solo works, Lindsay contributed chapters to publications including Mark Seaward's Lichen Ecology (1977) [15] and M. C. Clark's A Fungus Flora of Warwickshire (1981). [16]
The standard author abbreviation D.C.Linds. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name. [17] He is incorrectly attributed as "David C. Lindsay" in Authors of Plant Names . [18]
The British Antarctic Territory (BAT) is a sector of Antarctica claimed by the United Kingdom as one of its 14 British Overseas Territories, of which it is by far the largest by area. It comprises the region south of 60°S latitude and between longitudes 20°W and 80°W, forming a wedge shape that extends to the South Pole, overlapped by the Antarctic claims of Argentina and Chile. The claim to the region has been suspended since the Antarctic Treaty came into force in 1961.
The Antarctic realm is one of eight terrestrial biogeographic realms. The ecosystem includes Antarctica and several island groups in the southern Atlantic and Indian oceans. The continent of Antarctica is so cold that it has supported only 2 vascular plants for millions of years, and its flora presently consists of around 250 lichens, 100 mosses, 25–30 liverworts, and around 700 terrestrial and aquatic algal species, which live on the areas of exposed rock and soil around the shore of the continent. Antarctica's two flowering plant species, the Antarctic hair grass and Antarctic pearlwort, are found on the northern and western parts of the Antarctic Peninsula. Antarctica is also home to a diversity of animal life, including penguins, seals, and whales.
King George Island is the largest of the South Shetland Islands, lying 120 km off the coast of Antarctica in the Southern Ocean. The island was named after King George III.
The South Orkney Islands are a group of islands in the Southern Ocean, about 604 km (375 mi) north-east of the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula and 844 km (524 mi) south-west of South Georgia Island. They have a total area of about 620 km2 (240 sq mi). The islands are claimed both by Britain, and by Argentina as part of Argentine Antarctica. Under the 1959 Antarctic Treaty, sovereignty claims are held in abeyance.
Operation Tabarin was the code name for a secret British expedition to the Antarctic during World War Two, operational 1943–46. Conducted by the Admiralty on behalf of the Colonial Office, its primary objective was to strengthen British claims to sovereignty of the British territory of the Falkland Islands Dependencies (FID), to which Argentina and Chile had made counter claims since the outbreak of war. This was done by establishing permanently occupied bases, carrying out administrative activities such as postal services and undertaking scientific research. The meteorological observations made aided Allied shipping in the South Atlantic Ocean.
Parmelia is a genus of medium to large foliose (leafy) lichens. It has a global distribution, extending from the Arctic to the Antarctic continent but concentrated in temperate regions. There are about 40 species in Parmelia. In recent decades, the once large genus Parmelia has been divided into a number of smaller genera according to thallus morphology and phylogenetic relatedness.
Colobanthus quitensis, the Antarctic pearlwort, is one of two native flowering plants found in the Antarctic region. It has yellow flowers and grows about 5 cm tall, with a cushion-like growth habit that gives it a moss-like appearance.
Ryszard Ochyra is a Polish bryologist. He has focused on moss systematics of the Southern Hemisphere, specifically in the families Amblystegiaceae, Dicranaceae, Grimmiaceae, and Seligeriaceae. Throughout his career, he has described 48 species of moss considered new to science.
Henry Robert Nicollon des Abbayes was a French botanist and lichenologist. He was the chair of the Botanical Department of the University of Rennes and an expert on the flora of Great Britain. The standard author abbreviation Abbayes is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name. H.R.N. des Abbayes was editor of four exsiccata series distributing lichen reference specimens among herbaria.
Matilda Cullen Knowles is considered the founder of modern studies of Irish lichens following her work in the early twentieth century on the multi-disciplinary Clare Island Survey. From 1923 she shared curatorship of the National Museum of Ireland herbarium – a collection of dried and pressed plants now housed at the National Botanic Gardens. Her work is said to have "formed an important baseline contribution to the cryptogamic botany of Ireland and western oceanic Europe".
Carroll William Dodge was an American mycologist and lichenologist. His major fields of study included human and mammalian parasitic fungi, lichen-associated fungi, and fungi forming subterranean sporophores. His research and publications on Antarctic lichens were substantial, but not well received by the taxonomic community.
The Flora Antarctica, or formally and correctly The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of H.M. Discovery Ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839–1843, under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, is a description of the many plants discovered on the Ross expedition, which visited islands off the coast of the Antarctic continent, with a summary of the expedition itself, written by the British botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker and published in parts between 1844 and 1859 by Reeve Brothers in London. Hooker sailed on HMS Erebus as assistant surgeon.
Elke Mackenzie, born Ivan Mackenzie Lamb, was a British polar explorer and botanist who specialised in the field of lichenology. Beginning her education in Edinburgh, Scotland, Mackenzie later pursued botany at Edinburgh University, earning a Bachelor of Science degree in 1933 and a Doctor of Science in 1942. In the two years she was involved in Operation Tabarin, a covert World War II mission to Antarctica, she identified and documented many lichen species, several of them previously unknown to science.
Dharani Dhar Awasthi was an Indian botanist, taxonomist, and lichenologist, often given the appellation "Father of Indian Lichenology".
Rex Bertram Filson is an Australian lichenologist who made major contributions to knowledge of lichens in Australia and Antarctica.
Bellemerea elegans is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Lecideaceae. Found in Antarctica, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Norwegian lichenologist Dag Øvstedal. The type specimen was collected from the Admiralty Bay area of King George Island. Here, at an altitude of 105 m (344 ft), it was found growing on boulders that were overgrown with the beard lichen Usnea aurantiacoatra. Bellemerea elegans is only known from the type specimen. It has a crustose, grey, areolate thallus measuring 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) wide. Its apothecia are more or less immersed in the thallus (aspicilioid), measuring up to 1.1 in diameter, with a dull brown disc. Ascospores number eight per ascus, and measure 12–14 by 5–7 μm. The lichen contains porphyrilic acid, a lichen product.
Lecanora austrae-frigidae is a rare species of lignicolous (wood-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in Antarctica, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Norwegian lichenologist Dag Øvstedal. The type specimen was collected from Deception Island. Here it was found growing on the imported timber of a decrepit whaling station. The lichen has a pale yellow-green, crustose thallus up to 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in) wide and up to 0.3 mm thick. The apothecia start out immersed in the thallus, but later become sessile; they are up to 0.7 mm wide with a flat, orange-brown disc. No mature ascospores were detected in the type specimen. Several lichen products are found in Lecanora austrae-frigidae: arthothelin is a major metabolite, while minor compounds include atranorin, lichexanthone, and several chlorinated derivatives of both lichexanthone and norlichexanthone.
Ludger Kappen is an ecophysiologist, botanist and lichenologist. He was Director of the Botanic Institute and Botanical Garden at the University of Kiel, and Chairman and Director of the University's Polar Ecology Institute.
Bouvetiella is a monotypic genus of lichenized fungus in the class Lecanoromycetes. It contains only the species Bouvetiella pallida.
Austroplaca hookeri is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was originally described by Carroll William Dodge in 1965, as Gasparrinia hookeri. The type specimen was originally collected by British botanist and explorer Joseph Dalton Hooker on Cockburn Island; the species is named in his honour. The taxon was transferred to the large genus Caloplaca in 2004, and again to the genus Austroplaca in 2013 as part of a restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
I was left very much on my own, except for lichenologist Denis Lindsay who had just returned from Signy, rather embittered by the fact that he had been forced to serve as a meteorologist, when he had understood from Martin Holdgate that he would be going south as a scientist.