| Act of Parliament | |
 | |
| Long title | An Act to abolish Deodands. |
|---|---|
| Citation | 9 & 10 Vict. c. 62 |
| Introduced by | John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell (Lords) |
| Dates | |
| Royal assent | 18 August 1846 |
| Commencement | 1 September 1846 |
| Repealed | 11 August 1875 |
| Other legislation | |
| Repealed by | Statute Law Revision Act 1875 |
| Relates to | Fatal Accidents Act 1846 |
Status: Repealed | |
The Deodands Act 1846 (9 & 10 Vict. c. 62) was an act of Parliament of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, that abolished the ancient remedy of deodands.
By the early nineteenth century, the ancient remedy of deodands had largely fallen into desuetude. However, during the 1830s the rapid development of the railways led to increasing public hostility to the epidemic of railway deaths and the indifferent attitudes of the railway companies. Under the common law of England and Wales, the death of a person causes purely emotional and pure economic loss to their relatives. In general, damages cannot be recovered for either type of damage, only for physical damage to the claimant or their property, and families of fatal accident victims had no claim. This was the rule declared by the court in Baker v. Bolton (1808). [1]
As a result, coroners' juries started to award deodands as a way of penalising the railways. The railway accident at Sonning Cutting (1841) was a particularly notorious example, in which deodands of £1,100 (equivalent to £92,000 in 2016) in total were made on the engine (Hecla), and the trucks. [2] This alerted legislators, in particular Lord Campbell and the Select committee on Railway Labourers (1846). [3] In the face of railway opposition, Campbell introduced a bill in 1845 that would lead to the Fatal Accidents Act 1846, Lord Campbell's Act, along with a bill to abolish deodands. The latter proposal, which became law as the Deodands Act 1846, to some extent mitigated railway hostility. [2]
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The Sonning Cutting railway accident occurred during the early hours of 24 December 1841 in the Sonning Cutting through Sonning Hill, near Reading, Berkshire. A Great Western Railway (GWR) luggage train travelling from London Paddington to Bristol Temple Meads station entered Sonning Cutting. The train was made up of the broad-gauge locomotive Hecla, a tender, three third-class passenger carriages, and some heavily laden goods waggons. The passenger carriages were between the tender and the goods waggons.
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