The Dignitatis Humanae Institute (DHI; also known as the Institute for Human Dignity (Italian : L'Istituto Dignitatis Humanae)) is a Catholic-inspired institute based in Collepardo, Italy. Its stated mission is to "protect and promote human dignity based on the anthropological truth that man is born in the image and likeness of God." [1]
The institute was founded by British citizen Benjamin Harnwell while working as an aide to Conservative Party MEP Nirj Deva, [2] who would also become involved with the group. [3] According to Harnwell, the motivation behind the establishment of the DHI came about when Italian politician Rocco Buttiglione was vetoed for the position of the European Commission's vice-president and Commissioner for Justice, Freedom, and Security. Buttiglione, who was nominated to the European Commission by then-Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi, had described homosexuality as a sin and said the principal role of women was to have children. [4] [2]
The institute operated from Rome between 2011 and 2019. In 2019, the DHI moved from Rome to the Abbey of Trisulti, a former monastery in Collepardo, Frosinone. [5] [6] From July 2010 to January 2019, Cardinal Renato Raffaele Martino, former President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, held the position of Honorary President. [7] [6] In 2019, Cardinal Martino resigned over objections to the institute's plans for using the Trisulti monastery for political purposes [8] and was succeeded by Cardinal Raymond Leo Burke, who had been on the DHI Board of Advisors since 2013. [6] Burke is known as a sharp critic of Pope Francis, criticizing him for being too lenient towards homosexuality and abortion. [2]
DHI founder Benjamin Harnwell was the first Chairman of the institute. In 2011, he was succeeded by British royal family member Lord Nicholas Windsor, [9] which in turn would be succeeded in 2013 by Union of the Centre (UdC) politician Luca Volontè. [10]
The group has ties to some of the most conservative factions inside the Catholic Church. In 2014, the Institute invited Steve Bannon as one of its key note speakers at a conference to discuss poverty, during which he praised European far-right parties. [11] In 2019, Reuters reported that Bannon had helped the institute to craft curricula. [2] Cardinal Raymond Burke, president of the institute's board of advisers, said that Bannon would play a leading role in the institute, helping in "the defense of what used to be called Christendom". [2] Bannon said that he hoped to spur a populist movement in Europe. [2]
A plan was backed by Bannon to turn the Abbey of Trisulti into an academy for training future European nationalists and populist politicians. [12] The rights to use the facility were revoked by the Italian government at the end of May 2019 as bills were not paid. [13] On 26 May 2020, an Italian regional court ruled in favor of the institute's plan. [14] [15] On 15 March 2021, the Council of State ruled that the Culture Ministry was correct in cancelling the concession it had given to the institute. [16] [17]
In a letter tweeted by Cardinal Burke's Twitter account on 25 June 2019, [18] he announced his "termination of any relationship with the Dignitas Humanae Institute" over irreconciliable differences with Bannon, particularly regarding Bannon's apparent interest in a film adaptation of Frédéric Martel's book In the Closet of the Vatican and his calling into question clerical celibacy.
Humanae vitae is an encyclical written by Pope Paul VI and dated 25 July 1968. The text was issued at a Vatican press conference on 29 July. Subtitled On the Regulation of Birth, it re-affirmed the teaching of the Catholic Church regarding married love, responsible parenthood, and the rejection of artificial contraception. In formulating his teaching he explained why he did not accept the conclusions of the Pontifical Commission on Birth Control established by his predecessor, Pope John XXIII, a commission he himself had expanded.
Pope Paul VI was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his death on 6 August 1978. Succeeding John XXIII, he continued the Second Vatican Council, which he closed in 1965, implementing its numerous reforms. He fostered improved ecumenical relations with Eastern Orthodox and Protestant churches, which resulted in many historic meetings and agreements. In January 1964, he flew to Jordan, the first time a reigning pontiff had left Italy in more than a century.
Dignitatis humanae is the Second Vatican Council's Declaration on Religious Freedom. In the context of the council's stated intention "to develop the doctrine of recent popes on the inviolable rights of the human person and the constitutional order of society", Dignitatis humanae spells out the church's support for the protection of religious liberty. It set the ground rules by which the church would relate to secular states.
Raymond Leo Burke is an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He is a bishop and a cardinal, and was a patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta from 2014 to 2023. He led the Archdiocese of St. Louis from 2004 to 2008 and the Diocese of La Crosse from 1995 to 2004. From 2008 to 2014, he was the prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura.
Rocco Buttiglione is an Italian Union of Christian and Centre Democrats politician and an academic. Buttiglione's nomination for a post as European Commissioner with a portfolio that was to include civil liberties, resulted in controversy as some political groups opposed him for his conservative Catholic views on homosexuality, despite his assurances that these were only his personal convictions and would not dictate his administration.
Giovanni Battista Re is an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church whose service has been primarily in the Roman Curia. He was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 2001. He was prefect of the Congregation for Bishops from 2000 to 2010. As the senior cardinal-bishop in attendance, he chaired the March 2013 papal conclave to elect Pope Benedict XVI's successor. Pope Francis approved his election as Dean of the College of Cardinals on 18 January 2020.
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John Courtney Murray was an American Jesuit priest and theologian who was especially known for his efforts to reconcile Catholicism and religious pluralism and particularly focused on the relationship between religious freedom and the institutions of a democratically-structured modern state.
Renato Raffaele Martino was an Italian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Created a cardinal in 2003, Martino became the longest serving cardinal deacon, the cardinal protodeacon, from June 2014. He served for more than twenty years in the diplomatic service of the Holy See, including sixteen years as Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations. He held positions in the Roman Curia from 2002 to 2009.
Jean-Louis Pierre Tauran was a French cardinal of the Catholic Church. When he died, he had been the president of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue since 2007 and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church since the end of 2014. He was made a cardinal in 2003 and was the Cardinal Protodeacon from 2011 to 2014. His earlier career included almost thirty years in the diplomatic service of the Holy See and several years as the Vatican's chief archivist and librarian.
Pacem in terris is a papal encyclical issued by Pope John XXIII on 11 April 1963, on the rights and obligations of people and their states, as well as proper interstate relations. It emphasizes human dignity and human equality in endorsing women's rights, nuclear nonproliferation and the United Nations.
Dominique François Joseph Mamberti is a French prelate of the Roman Catholic Church and the Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura in the Roman Curia. He was elevated to the rank of cardinal by Pope Francis in 2015.
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Libertas ecclesiae is the theory of freedom of religion of ecclesiastical authority of the Catholic Church from secular or the temporal power, that is, the freedom to accomplish its spiritual mission without interference from any secular power.
Konrad Krajewski is a Polish cardinal of the Catholic Church who serves as the 1st Prefect of the Dicastery for the Service of Charity.
Trisulti Charterhouse is a former Carthusian monastery or charterhouse, now owned by the Cistercians, in Collepardo, province of Frosinone, central Italy. It is located on the slopes of Monte Rotonaria, a peak of the Monti Ernici, at 825 meters above sea level. It was consecrated in 1211, becoming a national monument in 1873.
In the Closet of the Vatican: Power, Homosexuality, Hypocrisy is a book by Frédéric Martel, which was published in French by Éditions Robert Laffont in February 2019 as well as being simultaneously released in eight languages. The book is based upon the concordant testimonies from 41 cardinals, 52 bishops and 45 apostolic nuncios. The author argues that an overwhelming majority of priests and bishops serving in the Vatican—including several prelates who have given anti-gay sex speeches—are gay, and either secretly have sex with men or repress their desires.
"Error has no rights" is a historical Catholic and traditionalist Catholic principle. It asserts that it is the responsibility of governments to suppress non-Catholic religions as they do not have a right to express publicly any religion outside of Catholicism which should be the only religion allowed by the State, but had the right to privately profess and practice any religion. Alternatively, it asserts that while non-Catholics had civil or political rights, there is no theological toleration for such religious beliefs. It was still the official position of the Catholic Church in the 1950s, and was repudiated or superseded in the Second Vatican Council of 1962–1965 by Dignitatis humanae. It is also argued, based on the interpretation that the moral right to error is distinct from the legal right, that this principle was not superseded by Dignitatis Humanae.
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