| Dioscorea andromedusae | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Dioscoreales |
| Family: | Dioscoreaceae |
| Genus: | Dioscorea |
| Species: | D. andromedusae |
| Binomial name | |
| Dioscorea andromedusae O.Téllez | |
Dioscorea andromedusae is a herbaceous vine in the genus Dioscorea which is native to Peru, where the type specimen was collected from the hillside grottos of the San Andres. [1]
Dioscorea alata, also known as purple yam, ube, or greater yam, among many other names, is a species of yam. The tubers are usually a vivid violet-purple to bright lavender in color, but some range in color from cream to plain white. It is sometimes confused with taro and the Okinawa sweet potato beniimo (紅芋), however D. alata is also grown in Okinawa. With its origins in the Asian tropics, D. alata has been known to humans since ancient times.
Dioscorea is a genus of over 600 species of flowering plants in the family Dioscoreaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates. It was named by the monk Charles Plumier after the ancient Greek physician and botanist Dioscorides.
Dioscorea villosa is a species of twining tuberous vine which is native to eastern North America. It is commonly known as wild yam, colic root, rheumatism root, devil's bones, and fourleaf yam. It is common and widespread in a range stretching from Texas and Florida north to Minnesota, Ontario and Massachusetts.
Dioscorea communis or Tamus communis is a species of flowering plant in the yam family Dioscoreaceae and is commonly known as black bryony, lady's-seal or black bindweed.
Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus Dioscorea that form edible tubers. The tubers of some other species in the genus, such as D. communis, are toxic. Yams are perennial herbaceous vines cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in many temperate and tropical regions, especially in West Africa, South America and the Caribbean, Asia, and Oceania. The tubers themselves, also called "yams", come in a variety of forms owing to numerous cultivars and related species.
Dioscorea polystachya or Chinese yam, also called cinnamon-vine, is a species of flowering plant in the yam family. It is sometimes called Chinese potato or by its Korean name ma. It is also called huaishan in Mandarin and waisan in Cantonese.
Dioscorea bulbifera is a species of true yam in the yam family, Dioscoreaceae. It is native to Africa, Asia and northern Australia. It is widely cultivated and has become naturalized in many regions.
Diosgenin, a phytosteroid sapogenin, is the product of hydrolysis by acids, strong bases, or enzymes of saponins, extracted from the tubers of Dioscorea wild yam species, such as the Kokoro. The sugar-free (aglycone) product of such hydrolysis, diosgenin is used for the commercial synthesis of cortisone, pregnenolone, progesterone, and other steroid products.
Barbasco is the name of several plants that contain poisonous chemical compounds that have been used for fishing by indigenous populations of the Americas:
Dioscorea trifida is a species of flowering plant in the family Dioscoreaceae. It is a species of yam. It is native to the Caribbean and Central and South America. Its many common names include Indian yam, cush-cush, and yampee. It is called mapuey in Venezuela, inhame in Brazil, tabena and ñame in Colombia, sacha papa in Peru, and ñampi in Costa Rica.
Dioscorea japonica, known as East Asian mountain yam, yamaimo, or Japanese mountain yam, is a type of yam (Dioscorea) native to Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, and Assam.
Dioscorine is an alkaloid toxin isolated from the tubers of tropical yam on several continents. It has been used as a monkey poison in some African countries, and as an arrow poison to aid in hunting in several parts of Asia. It was first isolated from Dioscorea hirsute by Boorsma in 1894 and obtained in a crystalline form by Schutte in 1897, and has since been found in other Dioscorea species. Dioscorine is a neurotoxin that acts by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Dioscorine is generally isolated in tandem with other alkaloids such as dioscin but is usually the most potent toxin in the mixture. It is a convulsant, producing symptoms similar to picrotoxin, with which it shares a similar mechanism of action.
Dioscorea sericea is a type of climbing tuberous geophyte in the family Dioscoreaceae. It is native to Colombia and Peru.
Dioscorea acanthogene is a herbaceous vine in the genus Dioscorea; it is native to Bolivia, west-central Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay, and Peru. A specimen collected in Bolivia in 2002 was obtained from a scrubby roadside in a dry, sparsely forested area.
Dioscorea altissima is a herbaceous vine in the genus Dioscorea that is indigenous to forested areas of Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Central America north to Panama, and the Caribbean. Its tubers are foraged and cooked for human consumption, and they are also cultivated in Brazil on a small scale. This species has been introduced to Puerto Rico.
Dioscorea amaranthoides is a herbaceous vine in the genus Dioscorea. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Peru. One specimen was found in the vicinity of Machu Picchu, Peru in a forested area near water.
Dioscorea amazonum is a herbaceous vine in the genus Dioscorea which is native to Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Panamá, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Specimens have been collected from forested areas next to roads and rivers.
Dioscorea ancachsensis is a herbaceous plant in the genus Dioscorea that is native to Peru. It is uncertain if these specimens are mature, but they are distinct from most specimens of most Dioscorea species in that they are approximately 5 cm across. One such specimen, collected from an open hillside in Cuzco, includes foliage, flowers, and a tuber and is approximately 4 by 5 cm when pressed.
Dioscorea chouardii is a herbaceous plant in the family Dioscoreaceae. It is endemic to a single cliff located in the Pyrenees of Aragon, Spain.
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