Dorothea Dix Hospital | |
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North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services | |
![]() A photo of the NCDHHS Dorothea Dix Campus in Raleigh, North Carolina. Pictured are the Hargrove Building (left) and McBryde Building (right) as viewed from Smithwick Drive. | |
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Geography | |
Location | Dorothea Dix Campus Ryan McBryde Building 820 South Boylan Avenue Raleigh, North Carolina 27603 [1] |
Coordinates | 35°46′09″N78°39′19″W / 35.7690405°N 78.6552815°W |
Organisation | |
Type | Specialist |
Services | |
Speciality | Psychiatric |
History | |
Opened | February 22, 1856 [2] |
Closed | August 10, 2012 [3] |
Links | |
Website | https://www.ncdhhs.gov/ (NCDHHS Dorothea Dix Campus) https://dixpark.org/ (Dorothea Dix Park) |
The Dorothea Dix Hospital was the first North Carolina psychiatric hospital, located on Dix Hill in Raleigh, North Carolina, and named after mental health advocate Dorothea Dix from New England. It was founded in 1856 and closed in 2012. The site is now designated as Dorothea Dix Park and serves as Raleigh's largest city park.
In 1848, Dorothea Dix visited North Carolina and called for reform in the care of mentally ill patients. In 1849, when the North Carolina State Medical Society was formed, the construction of an institution in the capital, Raleigh, for the care of mentally ill patients was authorized. The hospital opened in 1856 as Dix Hill in honor of her grandfather and almost 100 years later was named in honor of Dorothea Lynde Dix. [4] [5]
The hospital grounds at one time included 2,354 acres (953 ha), which were used for the hospital's farms, orchards, livestock, maintenance buildings, employee housing, and park grounds. In 1984, the Hunt administration transferred 385 acres to North Carolina State University's "Centennial Campus", and in 1985, the Martin administration transferred an additional 450 acres. Other pieces of the property now include the State Farmer's Market.
In 2000, a consultant said the hospital needed to close. [6] This move was made despite the fact that the hospital was operating well and that its closure meant that mental health patients would have no local, public facility to use for care. The hospital land was purchased by the state to house the hospital.
The Dorothea Dix Hospital was at one time slated to be closed by the state by 2008, and the fate of the remaining 306 acres (124 ha) was a matter of much discussion and debate in state and local circles. As of October 6, 2008, according to the News & Observer , state officials were calling the facility "Central Regional Hospital - Raleigh Campus". [7] But in 2009, the state announced that Dorothea Dix Hospital would not be closing and would not be a "satellite" of CRH. [8] It was announced in August 2010 that a lack of funding meant the facility would "shut its doors by the end of the year." [9] [10]
A thorough history of the hospital was published in 2010 by the Office of Archives and History of the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources. [11]
In August 2012, Dorothea Dix Hospital moved its last patients to Central Regional Hospital in Butner, North Carolina, a facility that critics said did not provide enough beds for the most serious cases. To help alleviate the situation, in May 2012, UNC agreed to spend $40 million on mental health services. [6]
The hospital is the setting for "Dix Hill", David Sedaris' reminiscence of working there as a volunteer in his youth, published in his collection Naked.
On May 5, 2015, the Council of State members voted unanimously to approve selling the 308 acres to the city. [12] Proceeds of the sale were to go to "fund facilities and services for the mentally ill." [12] Located on the property is Spring Hill, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. [13] [14] The property is now operated as a city park and is open to the public.
The former hospital is now home to the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Ryan McBryde Building. [1] [15]
St. Elizabeths Hospital is a psychiatric hospital in Southeast Washington, D.C. operated by the District of Columbia Department of Mental Health. The hospital opened in 1855 under the name Government Hospital for the Insane, the first federally operated psychiatric hospital in the United States.
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Dorothea Lynde Dix was an American advocate on behalf of the indigent mentally ill who, through a vigorous and sustained program of lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental asylums. During the Civil War, she served as a Superintendent of Army Nurses.
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UNC Rex Hospital is a general hospital located in Raleigh, North Carolina. It is the capital city's oldest hospital, founded by a bequest from John T. Rex (1771–1839), a local tanner and business owner. Originally located on what is now Dorothea Dix campus, and later on St. Mary's Street, Rex is now located in west Raleigh at the corner of Blue Ridge Road and Lake Boone Trail. Rex Health Care's services include oncology, heart and vascular, surgical services, rehabilitation, emergency department, urgent care, women's services, and wound healing.
The North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services is a large state government agency in the U.S. state of North Carolina, analogous to the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The NCDHHS has more than 18,000 employees. The NCDHHS has its origins in the former North Carolina Department of Human Resources (DHR). The head of NCDHHS (Secretary) is appointed by the governor of North Carolina, confirmed by the North Carolina Senate, and is a member of the North Carolina Cabinet in the executive branch of the North Carolina government. The NCDHHS was created in 1971.
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Dix Hill is the informal name for a high, rolling expanse of land and national historic district located at Raleigh, North Carolina. The district encompasses 18 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 3 contributing structures. It includes notable examples of Colonial Revival, Bungalow / American Craftsman, and Stick Style / Eastlake movement architecture. The Dorothea Dix Hospital, a historic institution caring for the mentally ill, was located on the site. The hospital buildings were developed between about 1856 and 1940.
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Nancy Pletcher McFarlane is an American pharmacist and politician. She served as the 61st mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina, the state capital. She was elected to lead the city in the 2011 election, and succeeded Charles Meeker, who had declined to run for re-election to another term. McFarlane is a political independent but ran with the endorsement of the local Democratic Party. She was re-elected for three further terms, in 2013, 2015, and 2017, but declined to run for re-election in 2019.
Spring Hill, also known as the Theophilus Hunter House, is a historic plantation house located at Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina. It was built between about 1816 and 1820, and is a two-story rectangular Georgian-style frame house with one-story rear wing. It was renovated in 1908 in the Colonial Revival style. It was renovated again in the 1960s. The house stands on the grounds of the now-closed Dorothea Dix Hospital and was occupied by members of its staff.
The Dorothea Dix Psychiatric Center is a psychiatric hospital operated by the state of Maine. It is located at 656 State Street in Bangor, and was previously known as the Eastern Maine Insane Asylum and the Bangor Mental Health Institute. It was established in 1895, and the main building on its campus is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Maine Insane Hospital, later the Augusta Mental Health Institute (AMHI), was a psychiatric hospital in Augusta, Maine. It was the principal facility for the care and treatment of Maine's mentally ill from 1840 to 2004, and its surviving buildings represent the oldest surviving complex of mental care facilities in the United States. The complex is located on the east bank of the Kennebec River, immediately south of the former Kennebec Arsenal, and now primarily houses state offices. In 2004, the hospital was replaced by the Riverview Psychiatric Center, located just to the south. The hospital's core complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982, with the listing enlarged to encompass the entire campus in 2001.
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