Dorret Boomsma

Last updated
Dorret I. Boomsma
Dorret Boomsma-1.jpg
Born (1957-11-18) 18 November 1957 (age 66)
NationalityDutch
Alma mater Vrije Universiteit, University of Colorado at Boulder
Awards Spinoza Prize (2001), Membership in the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) (2001)
Scientific career
Fields Behavioural genetics
Biological psychology
Institutions Vrije Universiteit

Dorret I. Boomsma (born 18 November 1957, in Huizen, The Netherlands) is a Dutch biological psychologist specializing in genetics and twin studies.

Contents

Education

Career

After receiving her Ph.D., Boomsma received an appointment as an assistant professor at the Vrije Universiteit in the Department of Psychonomics. In 1994 she became associate and in 1998 full professor and head of the Department of Biological Psychology.

Twin studies

Boomsma has built a database of over 75,000 twins and family members in The Netherlands, [1] which has been used for dozens of twin studies. The twins and their families have undergone periodic testing over a period of decades, providing a mass of longitudinal data for statistical analysis. A large number of participants have also provided DNA, blood, and urine samples for testing. Her research has primarily focused on better understanding the influence of heredity on various physical and mental diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, pediatric bipolar disorder, and depression. This work has been reported in over 1000 published papers and one book and has led to many awards for Boomsma.

Research

Twin studies [2] provide a way to understand how genotype affects an observable characteristic (called a phenotype). In short, identical (monozygotic) twins carry the same alleles for 100% of their genes whereas fraternal (dizygotic) twins will carry different alleles at 50% of the genes for which their parents had different genotypes. So if some characteristic (say, depression) that is observed in one identical twin is always observed in the other one, but this does not hold for fraternal twins, then one can conclude that heredity plays an important role in causing the condition.

Boomsma has been a pioneer in collecting a broad spectrum of data (e.g., medical histories, IQ tests, MRI scans) and biological material (e.g., DNA and RNA samples, blood and urine samples) from thousands of twins and analyzing them to determine the role of genetics in characteristics as varied as adult height, brain volume, intelligence, migraine headaches, anxiety, drug addiction, and love of coffee.

Her results span a wide range of behavioral characteristics, including discovery of the surprisingly large genetic component to feelings of loneliness, [3] the fact that first borns have higher IQs than their younger siblings, [4] and the increased influence of genetics on body weight as children grow older. [5]

European Research Council Advanced Grant

In 2008, the European Research Council began awarding grants of about 2.5 million euro (about $3.5 million) to the top scientists and scholars in Europe via a competition that covered all academic disciplines. Due to the large amount of money and complete lack of bureaucracy and restrictions, these were extremely competitive, with a very strong applicant pool and a 13% acceptance rate. Boomsma received one of the ERC grants for a project on the genetics of mental illness. Her research is focusing on three themes:

The goal of this research is to use her twin database and biological specimens to try to determine which genes play a role in causing these conditions.

Awards

Boomsma has received several awards for her research. These include:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam</span> University in Amsterdam, Netherlands

The Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam is a public research university in Amsterdam, Netherlands, being founded in 1880. The VU Amsterdam is one of two large, publicly funded research universities in the city, the other being the University of Amsterdam (UvA). The literal translation of the Dutch name Vrije Universiteit is "Free University". "Free" refers to independence of the university from both the State and the Dutch Reformed Church. Both within and outside the university, the institution is commonly referred to as "the VU". Although founded as a private institution, the VU has received government funding on a parity basis with public universities since 1970. The university is located on a compact urban campus in the southern Buitenveldert neighbourhood of Amsterdam and adjacent to the modern Zuidas business district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences</span> Dutch learned society devoted to science and literature

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The International Society for Twin Studies (ISTS) is an international, non-profit scientific organization. The aim of the society is to advance research and knowledge in all fields of science related to twins and/or twin studies, for the benefit of both twins and their families as well as worldwide scientific communities.

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References

  1. "Vrije Universiteit - Nederlands Tweelingen Register" . Retrieved 2009-04-21.
  2. Classical Twin Studies and Beyond, www.nature.com Archived October 13, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  3. Heredity May Be the Reason Some People Feel Lonely, Science Daily
  4. First-Born Babies More Intelligent than their Siblings, Medguru Archived 2008-05-05 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Body Size in Five-Year-Old Twins: Heritability and Comparison to Singleton Standards, Twin Research and Human Genetics [ permanent dead link ]
  6. Baker LA (November 2007). "Foundations of behavioral genetics: student recipients of the Thompson award". Behav. Genet. 37 (6): 727–33. doi:10.1007/s10519-007-9181-0. PMID   17990092. S2CID   147292.
  7. "Dorret Boomsma". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017.
  8. "NWO Spinoza Prize 2001". Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. 5 September 2014. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  9. "Awards Presented at the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Behavior Genetics Association, July 6, 2002, Keystone, CO, USA". Behavior Genetics. 32 (6): 495. 2002. doi:10.1023/A:1020840529800. ISSN   0001-8244. S2CID   189840722.
  10. "KNAW > Organisation > Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Sciences". Archived from the original on 2010-11-04. Retrieved 2009-05-22.
  11. "Dorret I. Boomsma". Academia Europaea. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020.
  12. "Historical table of BGA Meetings". BGA. Archived from the original on 2013-05-12. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  13. "Academy Professor Prize awarded to Dorret Boomsma and Bert Meijer". Archived from the original on 2014-05-17. Retrieved 2014-05-16.