EPRS

EPRS1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1FYJ, 4HVC, 4K86, 4K87, 4K88, 5A34, 5BMU, 5A1N, 5A5H
Identifiers
Aliases	EPRS1 , EARS, GLUPRORS, PARS, QARS, QPRS, PIG32, glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase, HLD15, glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1, EPRS
External IDs	OMIM: 138295; MGI: 97838; HomoloGene: 5870; GeneCards: EPRS1; OMA:EPRS1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1q41 Start 219,968,600 bp [1] End 220,046,530 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) [2] Band 1|1 H5 Start 185,095,241 bp [2] End 185,160,557 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in parotid gland optic nerve secondary oocyte Achilles tendon lateral nuclear group of thalamus ventricular zone tibia islet of Langerhans external globus pallidus Brodmann area 23 Top expressed in otic placode Rostral migratory stream parotid gland saccule maxillary prominence human fetus mandibular prominence tail of embryo genital tubercle otic vesicle More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding protein binding RNA stem-loop binding ATP binding catalytic activity ligase activity aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity GTPase binding RNA binding glutamate-tRNA ligase activity proline-tRNA ligase activity zinc ion binding protein homodimerization activity metal ion binding identical protein binding Cellular component membrane GAIT complex cytoplasm aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex cytosol plasma membrane ribonucleoprotein complex Biological process regulation of translation tRNA aminoacylation metabolism protein biosynthesis tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation negative regulation of translation cellular response to interferon-gamma glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation prolyl-tRNA aminoacylation cellular response to insulin stimulus long-chain fatty acid import into cell protein-containing complex assembly regulation of long-chain fatty acid import into cell Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2058 107508 Ensembl ENSG00000136628 ENSMUSG00000026615 UniProt P07814 Q8CGC7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_004446 NM_029735 NM_001357474 RefSeq (protein) NP_004437 NP_084011 NP_001344403 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 219.97 – 220.05 Mb Chr 1: 185.1 – 185.16 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Not to be confused with European Parliamentary Research Service.

Bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the EPRS gene. ^{[5] [6]}

Gene

Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene, but the full-length nature and biological validity of the variant have not been determined. ^[6]

Function

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyzes the aminoacylation of glutamic acid and proline tRNA species. ^[6]

Phosphorylation of EPRS is reported to be essential for the formation of GAIT (Gamma-interferon Activated Inhibitor of Translation) complex that regulates the translation of multiple genes in monocytes and macrophages. ^[7]

Interactions

EPRS has been shown to interact with POU2F1, ^[8] Heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), member A1 ^[9] and IARS. ^[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136628 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026615 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Fett R, Knippers R (February 1991). "The primary structure of human glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. A highly conserved core, amino acid repeat regions, and homologies with translation elongation factors". J Biol Chem. 266 (3): 1448–55. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)52315-2 . PMID   1988429.
6. "Entrez Gene: EPRS glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase".
7. Arif A, Jia J, Mukhopadhyay R, Willard B, Kinter M, Fox PL (July 2009). "Two-site phosphorylation of EPRS coordinates multimodal regulation of noncanonical translational control activity". Mol. Cell. 35 (2): 164–80. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2009.05.028. PMC   2752289 . PMID   19647514.
8. Nie J, Sakamoto S, Song D, Qu Z, Ota K, Taniguchi T (March 1998). "Interaction of Oct–1 and automodification domain of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase". FEBS Lett. 424 (1–2): 27–32. doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00131-8 . PMID   9537509. S2CID   872132.
9. Kang J, Kim T, Ko Y G, Rho S B, Park S G, Kim M J, Kwon H J, Kim S (October 2000). "Heat shock protein 90 mediates protein-protein interactions between human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 31682–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M909965199 . ISSN   0021-9258. PMID   10913161.
10. Rho SB, Lee J S, Jeong E J, Kim K S, Kim Y G, Kim S (May 1998). "A multifunctional repeated motif is present in human bifunctional tRNA synthetase". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (18): 11267–73. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.18.11267 . ISSN   0021-9258. PMID   9556618.

Further reading

• Kaiser E, Eberhard D, Knippers R (1992). "Exons encoding the highly conserved part of human glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase". J. Mol. Evol. 34 (1): 45–53. Bibcode:1992JMolE..34...45K. doi:10.1007/BF00163851. PMID   1556743. S2CID   6021527.
• Norcum MT (1991). "Structural analysis of the high molecular mass aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex. Effects of neutral salts and detergents". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (23): 15398–405. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)98629-1 . PMID   1651330.
• Cerini C, Kerjan P, Astier M, et al. (1992). "A component of the multisynthetase complex is a multifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase". EMBO J. 10 (13): 4267–77. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb05005.x. PMC   453179 . PMID   1756734.
• Kunze N, Bittler E, Fett R, et al. (1990). "The human QARS locus: assignment of the human gene for glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase to chromosome 1q32-42". Hum. Genet. 85 (5): 527–30. doi:10.1007/BF00194231. PMID   2227938. S2CID   27487450.
• Thömmes P, Fett R, Schray B, et al. (1988). "The core region of human glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase homologies with the Escherichia coli and yeast enzymes". Nucleic Acids Res. 16 (12): 5391–406. doi:10.1093/nar/16.12.5391. PMC   336774 . PMID   3290852.
• Kaiser E, Hu B, Becher S, et al. (1994). "The human EPRS locus (formerly the QARS locus): a gene encoding a class I and a class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase". Genomics. 19 (2): 280–90. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1059. PMID   8188258.
• Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, et al. (1997). "Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags". Genome Res. 6 (9): 807–28. doi: 10.1101/gr.6.9.807 . PMID   8889549.
• Rho SB, Lee JS, Jeong EJ, et al. (1998). "A multifunctional repeated motif is present in human bifunctional tRNA synthetase". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (18): 11267–73. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.18.11267 . PMID   9556618.
• Quevillon S, Robinson JC, Berthonneau E, et al. (1999). "Macromolecular assemblage of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: identification of protein-protein interactions and characterization of a core protein". J. Mol. Biol. 285 (1): 183–95. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1998.2316. PMID   9878398.
• Kang J, Kim T, Ko YG, et al. (2000). "Heat shock protein 90 mediates protein-protein interactions between human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 31682–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M909965199 . PMID   10913161.
• Jeong EJ, Hwang GS, Kim KH, et al. (2001). "Structural analysis of multifunctional peptide motifs in human bifunctional tRNA synthetase: identification of RNA-binding residues and functional implications for tandem repeats". Biochemistry. 39 (51): 15775–82. doi:10.1021/bi001393h. PMID   11123902. S2CID   25514243.
• Sang Lee J, Gyu Park S, Park H, et al. (2002). "Interaction network of human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and subunits of elongation factor 1 complex". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 291 (1): 158–64. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6398. PMID   11829477.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC   139241 . PMID   12477932.
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, et al. (2004). "A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway". Nat. Cell Biol. 6 (2): 97–105. doi:10.1038/ncb1086. PMID   14743216. S2CID   11683986.
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, et al. (2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (33): 12130–5. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10112130B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . PMC   514446 . PMID   15302935.
• Sampath P, Mazumder B, Seshadri V, et al. (2004). "Noncanonical function of glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase: gene-specific silencing of translation". Cell. 119 (2): 195–208. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2004.09.030 . PMID   15479637. S2CID   18944876.
• Kato T, Daigo Y, Hayama S, et al. (2005). "A novel human tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase involved in pulmonary carcinogenesis". Cancer Res. 65 (13): 5638–46. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-0600. PMID   15994936.
• Beausoleil SA, Villén J, Gerber SA, et al. (2006). "A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization". Nat. Biotechnol. 24 (10): 1285–92. doi:10.1038/nbt1240. PMID   16964243. S2CID   14294292.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC   1847948 . PMID   17353931.