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El Agustino Educational Services (SEA) (Servicios Educativos El Agustino) was founded by the Society of Jesus in 1978 in Lima, Peru, to work for more equitable social and economic development in the El Agustino district and in the larger capital area. It works to empower the poor to be their own instruments of change in society. Current areas of action include economic and environmental management, micro finance, solidarity, and the promotion of women and youth in the community.[3]
The Society of Jesus is a scholarly religious congregation of the Catholic Church for men which originated in sixteenth-century Spain. The members are called Jesuits. The society is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 nations. Jesuits work in education, intellectual research, and cultural pursuits. Jesuits also give retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social ministries, and promote ecumenical dialogue.
Lima is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, in the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Together with the seaport of Callao, it forms a contiguous urban area known as the Lima Metropolitan Area. With a population of more than 9 million, Lima is the most populous metropolitan area of Peru and the third-largest city in the Americas, behind São Paulo and Mexico City.
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river.
Land invasion by migrants from the countryside beginning in the 1940s led to the Agustino settlement along the Rímac River area in East Lima. On January 6, 1965, Law 15353 incorporated this densely populated area into the city.[4]
The Rímac River is located in western Peru and is the most important source of potable water for the Lima and Callao Metropolitan Area.
Jesuit work in El Agustino began with their founding of Virgin of Nazareth parish in 1968. By 1978 need for a more concerted effort at community building was realized. Early efforts of El Agustino Educational Services (SEA), after its founding in 1978, were neighborhood renewal and a soup kitchen, along with training and advising neighborhood boards on organization, house construction, and legal issues.[5]
El Agustino is a district of the Lima Province in Peru. It is part of city of Lima. Officially established as a district on January 6, 1965, the current mayor (alcalde) of El Agustino is Víctor Modesto Salcedo Ríos. The district's postal code is 10.
After 1980 SEA continued its work in health and nutrition in the face of an economic crisis, and organized health teams, a popular dwellings program, and organizations for neighborhoods, for communications, and for youth.
From 1990 to 1995 SEA helped formulate the district’s Integral Development Plan and extended its work to Santa Anita District. During this period of free-market Fujimorism, SEA gave economic advice and assisted with neighborhood organizations, health, and food. Actions against violence and to foster peace continued.
Santa Anita is a district of the Lima Province in Peru. It is part of city of Lima. Officially established as a district on October 25, 1989 from parts of Ate and El Agustino separated by the Rio Surco, a ditch which went all the way to Santiago de Surco.
The term Fujimorism or Fujimorismo denotes the policies and the political ideology of former President of Peru Alberto Fujimori as well as the personality cult built around him, his policies and his family. The ideology is defined by its support for social conservatism and neoliberal economics, as well as its opposition to both the far-left and far-right.
In 1995 to 2000, SEA helped with the founding of pharmacies, of a bakery, and of other stores, and founded the Community Banks Microfinance Program. Communities were organized for the prevention of family violence. There were also infrastructure projects and advising for Environmental Networks and for the Youth Civic Committee.
After the centralized control of the Fujimori years, the years 2000 to 2008 saw decentralization and regionalization: new development plans, participatory budgeting, and citizen oversight. In 2002 the First Pact of Governance was signed in El Agustino, and extended to Ate and Santa Anita districts in 2006, promoted by District Initiative groups. SEA continued its help to networks for environmentalism and for the prevention of family violence, and its assistance for youth organizations, for microentrepreneurship, and for the formation of communal banks.[6]
Ate, also known as Ate-Vitarte, is a district of the Lima Province in Peru. Located in the eastern part of the province, it is one of the districts that comprise the city of Lima.
The mayor of El Agustino made SEA a part of the "Driving Team for the preparation of the Local Economic Development Plan of El Agustino 2017 - 2021".[7][8]
A book was dedicated to the "remarkable women" of SEA, "the best of liberation theologians".[9]
Programs
SEA offers business training for youth between the ages of 18 and 29 under the title: Believe in you ... Create a Business.[citation needed] In 2012, 59 youth were trained and 40 business plans were approved for funding, involving 32 women and 16 men.[10] During youth week the mayor of El Agustino dialogues with the youth and receives their proposals which run the gamut from finishing Youth House to fighting sexual harassment, better care for pets, and respect for the autonomy of youth organizations.[11]
A successful bakery opened through SEA has been recognized as a model.[12] The popular dining centers opened with the assistance of SEA have been the subject of a book.[13]
In the 1980s SEA became a center of cultural activities:[5] the annual Agustirock;[citation needed] TAFOS workshops (giving cameras to local people to document life in the neighborhood);[14] FITEA (International Festival of Theater of El Agustino);[15] and Agustinazo.[citation needed]
SEA has been most notable for promoting women in the community. It has initiated or assisted with dozens of programs for women – nationally, in metropolitan Lima, and in the districts of Lima East, El Agustino, Santa Anita, Ate.Chaclacayo, and Chosica.[16] SEA was one of the agencies which produced a plan approved by the mayor in 2014 and seeking to achieve gender equality by 2018.[17] The Spanish NGO ALBOAN helps fund the efforts of SEA to eliminate inequities against women in the business sector.[18][19]
SEA has been recognized for its success in representing the district before the municipal[20] and local government,[21] and for coordinating efforts on issues like education in the district.[22] When he was in Peru for a meeting of Jesuit provincial superior s, the general superior of the Jesuits Fr. Arturo Sosa visited El Agustino and observed its many works.[23]
SEA conducts public forums on topics such as "Corruption and Citizen Surveillance"[24] and "Crisis of Social and Political Representation". It also runs popular fairs, as on disaster risk management.[25]
Between 1985 and 2016 SEA was also involved in promoting popular libraries in El Agustino and in helping form the Local Development Management Team, the Civic Collective of East Lima, and the Technical Team of the Participatory Budget of the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima. It furnished the regional coordinator of the Poverty Reduction Round Table of Metropolitan Lima.[26]
A volunteer from Carleton College in the USA documented life in El Agustino.[27][28] The United Nations lists SEA among recommended sites for volunteers.[29]
SEA publishes books, as on the topic of Social Dialogue for Local Development[30] and Women Organized with a Vision of the Future: communal banks, an experience in the districts El Agustino and Santa Anita.[31] It also published interviews with 28 women who exercised leadership roles in El Agustino.[32]
Mendoza, Jesús Tovar (1996). Dinámica de las organizaciones sociales. Lima: Servicios Educativos El Agustino. Pp.222. Código: 306.985 T77.[33]
Servicios Educativos El Agustino (SEA). 1995.. Hablan los dirigentes vecinales. Entrevistas a 27 dirigentes de El Agustino. Lima: Servicios Educativos El Agustino.[34]
———. 1996. Hablan los dirigentes vecinales. Entrevistas a 27 dirigentes de El Agustino. Lima: Servicios Educativos El Agustino.[34]
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