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 El Salvador |  Mexico |
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The nations of El Salvador and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1838. [1] Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
Before the arrival of European explorers to the Americas, El Salvador and Central-Mexico were once populated by Uto-Aztecan language speakers and both southern Mexico and El Salvador once belonged to the Mayan civilization. During Spanish colonization, both nations were part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. In 1821, Mexico obtained independence from Spain and most nations of Central America, including El Salvador, were a part of the First Mexican Empire under Emperor Agustín de Iturbide. In 1823, the Mexican empire collapsed and El Salvador became part of the Federal Republic of Central America along with Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. In 1838, the union dissolved and El Salvador became its own independent states. That same year, El Salvador and Mexico established diplomatic relations. [1]
In 1916, the Government of Venustiano Carranza donated a wireless station to El Salvador. In reciprocity, Salvadoran President Carlos Meléndez sent five thousand rifles and a small group of men as requested by the Mexican Government so that they would join the constitutionalist forces and fight against Victoriano Huerta. [1] In 1917, the Mexican Government donated a biplane to the Polytechnic School of El Salvador, and the Salvadoran Government gave Mexico land for the construction of the Mexican legation in the capital city of San Salvador. That same year, both nations open diplomatic missions in each other's capitals, respectively and in 1943, their respective diplomatic missions were elevated to embassies. [1]
From 1979 to 1992, El Salvador was enveloped in a bloody civil war. During the war, several thousand Salvadorean citizens fled the country to Mexico where many stayed or continued onward to the United States. [2] In 1992, the Salvadorean government and FMLN signed a peace agreement in Mexico City known as the Chapultepec Peace Accords thus in effect, ending the civil war. [1]
Both nations have cooperated together in combating drug trafficking and gang violence, including MS-13 (also known as the Mara Salvatrucha) of which was the main cause of havoc in El Salvador and their operations created insecurity in the country. In 2018, several hundreds to a few thousands Salvadorans formed part of the Central American migrant caravans and traversed all of Mexico to the northern city of Tijuana to request asylum in the United States. [3] In January 2019, over 700 Salvadorans requested and obtained asylum in Mexico where many chose to remain rather than face the uncertainty of trying to request asylum in the U.S. and also not wishing to be denied and deported back to El Salvador. [4] In 2022, the number of Salvadorans requesting asylum in Mexico increased to more than 5,500. [5]
In June 2019, Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele traveled to the Mexican state of Chiapas and met with Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador. Leaders of both nations discussed initiatives to decrease the flow of Salvadoran migrants to Mexico en route to the United States and Mexico's commitment to Central Americas development. [6] In May 2022, Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador paid an official visit to El Salvador. [7]
Presidential visits from El Salvador to Mexico [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]
Presidential visits from Mexico to El Salvador [17] [18] [1]
Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as an Agreement on the Regular and Permanent Exchange of Scientific, Literary or Artistic Works (1895); Agreement for the Protection and Restitution of Archaeological, Artistic and Historical Monuments (1990); Agreement on Touristic Cooperation (1990); Agreement of Cooperation to Combat Drug Trafficking and Drug Dependency (1993); Treaty on the Execution of Criminal Sentences (1993); Treaty for the Recovery and Return of Stolen Vehicles and Aircraft (1995); Agreement on Scientific and Technical Cooperation (1995); Extradition Treaty (1997); Agreement on Educational and Cultural Cooperation (1997); Treaty of Cooperation on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (1997) and an Air Transportation Agreement (2006). [19]
There are direct flights between both nations with the following airlines: Aeroméxico Connect, Avianca El Salvador and with Volaris El Salvador.
In June 2000, Mexico and El Salvador (along with Guatemala and Honduras) signed a free trade agreement which took effect in 2001. Since then, both Costa Rica and Nicaragua have joined the joint free trade agreement. [20] In 2023, total trade between El Salvador and Mexico amounted to US$1.4 billion. [21] El Salvador's main exports to Mexico include: clothing, electrical wires and cables, household items, sugar cane, oils of petroleum and imitation jewelry. Mexico's main exports to El Salvador include: electrical equipment and machinery, food based products, fruits, dairy, medicine, chemicals, and motor vehicles. [21]
In 2023, Mexico was the second largest foreign direct investor in El Salvador with US$94 million invested in the country. [22] Several Mexican multinational companies such as América Móvil, Cemex, Grupo Bimbo, Gruma, Sigma Alimentos (among others) operate in El Salvador. [22]
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The nations of Chile and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1831, however, relations were severed in 1974 in the aftermath of the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. Diplomatic relations were re-established in 1990 and have continued unabated since.
Ties between Mexico and Spain date back to the Spanish conquest of Mexico in 1519 and subsequent Spanish colonialism in the country which lasted until the end of the Mexican War of Independence in 1821. Formal diplomatic relations between both nations commenced in 1836 and were severed with the aftermath of the Spanish Civil War in 1939. Diplomatic relations were re-established in 1977 and have continued unabated since.
The nations of Argentina and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1888. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, G-20 major economies, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Italy and Mexico first established formal diplomatic relations in 1874, following the unification of Italy. The two nations were twice on the opposite sides of 20th century conflicts: first in the Spanish Civil War from 1936 to 1939, and later during World War II from 1942 to 1945. Mexico re-established diplomatic relations with Italy in 1946 and relations have continued unabated since.
The nations of Mexico and Uruguay established diplomatic relations in 1831. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Mexico and Paraguay established diplomatic relations in 1831. Both countries are full members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
Diplomatic relations between the Argentine Republic and the Republic of El Salvador have existed for over a century. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Group of 77, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Mexico and Venezuela established diplomatic relations in 1831, however, diplomatic relations between both nations have been historically unstable on several occasions. During the Venezuelan presidential crisis, Mexico took a neutral position and has continued to maintain diplomatic relations with the government of President Nicolás Maduro.
Guatemala and Mexico are neighboring nations who established diplomatic relations in 1848. In January 1959 both nations broke diplomatic relations as a result of the Mexico–Guatemala conflict, however, diplomatic relations were re-established 8 months later in September of that same year. Since then diplomatic relations have continued unabated since. Diplomatic relations between both nations are based on close proximity, trade, cultural similarities and a shared history.
The nations of Mexico and Peru established diplomatic relations in 1823. Diplomatic relations were briefly cut in 1932 and reinstated again in 1933. Both nations are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Lima Group, Organization of Ibero-American States, Organization of American States, Pacific Alliance and the United Nations.
The nations of Mexico and Sweden established diplomatic relations in 1885. Both members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.
El Salvador–Uruguay relations refers to the diplomatic relations between the Republic of El Salvador and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Group of 77, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Ecuador and Mexico first established diplomatic relations in 1830. In April 2024, Mexico severed diplomatic relations due to a police raid on the Mexican Embassy in Quito.
The nations of Haiti and Mexico established consular relations in 1882 and formal diplomatic relations were established in 1929. Both nations are members of Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Honduras and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1879. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Mexico and Nicaragua established diplomatic relations in 1839, however, relations were briefly severed in May 1979 and restored a few months later in July 1979 with the ousting of Nicaraguan President Anastasio Somoza Debayle. Diplomatic relations between both nations have continued unabated since.
The nations of Costa Rica and Mexico established diplomatic relations 1838. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Mexico and Panama established diplomatic relations in 1904. Both nations are mutual members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of Ibero-American States and the Organization of American States.
The nations of Guyana and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1973. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Caribbean Community, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States and the United Nations.
France–Peru relations are the diplomatic relations between the French Republic and the Republic of Peru. Both nations are members of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization.
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