Equestrian events at the Friendship Games included show jumping, dressage and eventing in both individual and team competitions. Events were held on three venues in Poland: Jumping events were held in Sopot between 6 and 10 August, dressage – at the Książ Landscape Park near Wałbrzych between 17 and 19 August, while eventing was held at the Modern Pentathlon and Equestrian Centre of the Lubusz Sports Club "Lumel" in Drzonków on 23–26 August 1984.
Equestrianism, more often known as horse riding or horseback riding, refers to the skill and sport of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses. This broad description includes the use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural exercises, and competitive sport.
The Friendship Games, or Friendship-84, was an international multi-sport event held between 2 July and 16 September 1984 in the Soviet Union and eight other socialist states which boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Show jumping, also known as "stadium jumping", "open jumping", or simply "jumping", is a part of a group of English riding equestrian events that also includes dressage, eventing, hunters, and equitation. Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world, including the Olympics. Sometimes shows are limited exclusively to jumpers, sometimes jumper classes are offered in conjunction with other English-style events, and sometimes show jumping is but one division of very large, all-breed competitions that include a very wide variety of disciplines. Jumping classes may be governed by various national horse show sanctioning organizations, such as the United States Equestrian Federation in the USA or the British Showjumping Association in Great Britain. International competitions are governed by the rules of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports.
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Individual dressage | 1,705 | 1,703 | 1,649 | |||
Team dressage | Yuri Kovshov on Ruch Olga Klimko on Barbaris Olga Sirosh on Irtysz | 4,187 | Elżbieta Morciniec on Frez Bogusław Misztal on Damian Andrzej Sałacki on Mytrop | 3,867 | Ina Saalbach on Franziska Magrit Böchme on Nox Bernd Langren on Radames | 3,840 |
Individual eventing | 42.05 | 43.50 | 50.65 | |||
Team eventing | Jan Lipczyński on Elektron Mirosław Szłapka on Leń Adam Prokulewicz on Lagar Bogusław Jarecki on Niewiaża | 137.20 | Valeriy Davidovich on Banitet Yuri Salnikov on Poplin Vladimir Tishkin on Fleur Boris Gorchakov on Zairo | 199.30 | none* | – |
Individual jumping | 4 | 4 | 4 | |||
Team jumping | Tjark Nagel on Fregula Stefan Scheve on Otto Eberhard Saul on Gobi Kurt Grevemeier on Sylvester | 24 | Federico Menghi on Benedict Alesandro Galeazzi on Moreado Stefano Scaccobarozzi on Jasil Michelle Della Casa on Scarfel | 47 | Janusz Bobik on Szampan Rudolf Mrugała on Gaudeamus Wiesław Hartman on Hart Jan Kowalczyk on Festyn Horst Lösche on Neptun II Egbert Arndt on Hanniball Falk Siegling on Grolle Disch Rolf Günter on Duant | 60 |
* – Five teams competed, but only two completed the event.
A jump-off was needed to determine the winner in the individual jumping event.
Rider | Horse | Penalties | Time (s) | |
Scarfel | 0 | 24.02 | ||
Otto | 0 | 24.23 | ||
Gobi | 4 | 24.41 |
* Host nation (Poland)
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 | |
2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | |
3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
Totals (5 nations) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 18 |
The events of the equestrian at the 2004 Summer Olympics featured three equestrian disciplines: dressage, eventing and jumping. All three disciplines are further divided into individual and team contests for a total of six events.
Equestrian at the 1980 Summer Olympics was represented by six events. All of them, with the exception of the Individual Jumping Grand Prix, were held in the Trade Unions' Equestrian Complex, which is situated in the Bitsa Forest Park. Individual Jumping Grand Prix was held in the Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium at Luzhniki.
The equestrian events at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp included eventing, show jumping, vaulting and dressage. The competitions were held from 6 to 12 September 1920. Although there were 72 riders competing, many rode in more than one event, with 87 entries total. Vaulting was also held, its one appearance at an Olympic Games, with only Belgium, France and Sweden fielding teams.
The equestrian events at the 1936 Berlin Summer Olympics included dressage, eventing, and show jumping. All three disciplines had both individual and team competitions. The host country, Germany, had a stellar year, winning both individual and team gold in every equestrian event, as well as individual silver in dressage. The competitions were held from 12 to 16 August 1936. Moderately priced tickets meant huge crowds at all equestrian events, with 15,000–20,000 spectators at any time during the dressage competition, 60,000 on the endurance day of eventing, and 120,000 for the Nations Cup in jumping.
The equestrian events at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich included show jumping, dressage and eventing. All three disciplines had both individual and team competitions. The equestrian competitions were held at 3 sites: an existing equestrian facility at Riem for the individual show jumping and eventing competitions, the Olympic Stadium in Munich for the Nations Cup, and Nymphenburg, a Baroque palace garden, for the sold-out dressage. 180 entries, including 31 women, competed from 27 countries: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Denmark, German Democratic Republic (GDR), France, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Soviet Union, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the USA. The youngest participant was Kurt Maeder from Switzerland at 19 years old, while the oldest rider was Lorna Johnstone from Great Britain at 70 years old.
Equestrian competitions at the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics were held from 9 August to 21 August at the Hong Kong Sports Institute and Sheung Yue River in Hong Kong. It was the second time the equestrian events were hosted by a member of the IOC other than the member hosting the main games. Unlike 1956, however, the equestrian events were part of the main games, and were held within the same period.
The European Dressage Championships are the European Championships for the equestrian discipline of dressage. They are now held every 2 years, in odd-numbered years. Gold, Silver, and Bronze medals are awarded in both an individual and team competition. There is also a Championship held for juniors, young riders, and ponies. Since the 2015, the competition has shared a site and branding with vaulting, reigning, jumping and driving, but for sponsor reasons not eventing, as the FEI European Championships, echoing the combined World Equestrian Games concept. The first official combined event took place in Aachen in 2015.
Archery at the Friendship Games was held in Plzeň, Czechoslovakia between 23 and 26 August 1984. Two events were contested: men's individual and women's individual.
The cycling competition at the Friendship Games consisted of two road cycling and five track cycling events. The individual road race was held at the Schleizer Dreieck race track in Schleiz, East Germany on 23 August 1984, the team road race was held in Forst, East Germany on 26 August 1984, while track cycling events were held at the Velodrome of the Trade Unions Olympic Sports Centre in Moscow, Soviet Union between 18 and 22 August 1984.
Field hockey at the Friendship Games was contested in two events. Men's event took place at the Minor Arena of the Central Dynamo Stadium in Moscow, Soviet Union between 18 and 26 August 1984. Women's event took place in Poznań, Poland between 28 and 30 August 1984.
Judo at the Friendship Games was held at the Military University of Technology sports hall in Warsaw, Poland between 24 and 26 August 1984. Judokas contested in eight events – seven weight classes and one open category.
Modern pentathlon at the Friendship Games took place in Warsaw, Poland between 5 and 9 August 1984. 45 athletes took part in two men's events.
Tennis at the Friendship Games took place at the Baildon Katowice courts in Katowice, Poland between 20 and 26 August 1984. 4 events were contested.
Volleyball at the Friendship Games was contested in two events. Men's event took place at the Ciudad Deportiva in Havana, Cuba between 18 and 26 August 1984. Women's event took place in Varna, Bulgaria between 8 and 15 July 1984.
The equestrian events at the 2012 Olympic Games in London were held between 28 July and 9 August at Greenwich Park. Medals were awarded in three disciplines for both individual and team competitions.
The equestrian events at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro were held between 6 and 19 August at National Equestrian Center in Deodoro. Medals were awarded in three disciplines for both individual and team competitions.
The equestrian events at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo will feature three disciplines for both individual and team competitions.
The individual eventing competition was one of six equestrian events on the Equestrian at the 1984 Summer Olympics programme. Dressage and stadium jumping portions of the competition were held at the Santa Anita Racetrack in Arcadia, California, the endurance stage was held at Fairbanks Ranch, California.
The team eventing in equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles was held at the Riviera Country Club (dressage), a specially built course in Westchester (cross-country), and the Olympic Stadium (jumping) from 10 to 13 August. NOCs were limited to three horse and rider pairs.
The team eventing in equestrian at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin was held on the May Field (dressage), in Döberitz (cross-country), and at the Olympiastadion (jumping) from 13 to 16 August. Scores from the individual competition were used to determine team results. Any nation with three individual horse and rider pairs was entered as a team, with team score being the sum of the three individual scores. All three pairs had to finish the event for the team to receive a place, however; this eliminated 10 out of the 14 teams.
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