Eritrea (1952–1962)

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Eritrea
1952–1962
Eritrea in Ethiopia (1943-1987).svg
Location of autonomous Eritrea within the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea
Capital Asmara
Common languages Amharic
Tigrinya [1]
Arabic [1]
Government Autonomous region
Emperor of Ethiopia  
• 1952–1962
Haile Selassie
Emperor's Representative 
• 1952–1959
Andargachew Messai
• 1959–1962
Abiye Abebe
Chief Executive of Eritrea  
• 1952–1955
Tedla Bairu
• 1955 (acting)
 Araya Wassie
• 1955–1962
Asfaha Woldemikael
LegislatureLegislative Assembly of Eritrea
Historical era Cold War
•  Federation
15 September 1952
1 September 1961
15 November 1962
Currency Ethiopian birr
ISO 3166 code ER
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg British Military Administration (Eritrea)
Province of Eritrea Flag of Ethiopia (1897-1936; 1941-1974).svg
Today part of Eritrea

Between 1952 and 1962, Eritrea was an autonomous component of the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea.

Contents

Background

Eritrea came under Italian administration in 1882 and was absorbed into Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was occupied by British forces during World War II in 1941. Following the conclusion of hostilities in 1945, Eritrea remained under British administration until 1952, when it was federated with the Ethiopia before being annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1962 as Eritrea Province.

Governance

Under the terms of UN General Assembly Resolution 390A of 2 December 1950, Eritrea and Ethiopia were linked through a loose federal structure under the sovereignty of the Emperor. Eritrea had its own administrative, legislative and judicial organs, its own flag and emblem, and control over its domestic affairs, including police, local administration, and taxation. [2]

Emperor's Representative

#NameAssumed officeLeft office
1 Andargachew Messai 15 September 1952December 1959
2 Abiye Abebe December 195914 Nov 1962

Chief Executive / Chief Administrator

#NameAssumed officeLeft officeNotes
1 Tedla Bairu 15 September 195229 July 1955
2 Araya Wassie 29 July 19558 August 1955Acting
3 Asfaha Woldemikael 8 August 195514 November 1962As "Chief Administrator" from 20 May 1960

Legislative Assembly

Elected in 1952

PartySeats
Unionist Party 32
Democratic Front 18
Muslim League of the Western Province 15
Independent Muslim League of Massawa 1
Nationalist Party 1
Independents1
Total68
Source: Omer

Elected in 1956

PartySeats
Unionist Party 32
Anti-unionists and others36
Total68

Elected in 1960

References

  1. 1 2 Official languages of the Federation alongside Amharic until 1956.
  2. ↑ https://www.refworld.org/legal/resolution/unga/1952/en/10199

9°1.8′N38°44.4′E / 9.0300°N 38.7400°E / 9.0300; 38.7400

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