Escherichia virus T5

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Bacteriophage T5
Bacteriophage T5 Structure at Atomic Resolution.jpg
Bacteriophage T5 Structure at Atomic Resolution [1]
Virus classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Uroviricota
Class: Caudoviricetes
Order: Caudovirales (abolished 2021)
Family: Demerecviridae
Genus: Tequintavirus
Species:
Tequintavirus T5
Synonyms [2]
  • Enterobacteria phage T5
  • Escherichia phage T5
  • Escherichia virus T5

Bacteriophage T5 is a tailed virus within the family Demerecviridae . This bacteriophage specifically infects E. coli bacterial cells and follows a lytic life cycle.

Contents

Structure and genome

Schematic drawing of an Enterobacteria phage T5 virion (cross section and side view) T5likevirus virion.jpg
Schematic drawing of an Enterobacteria phage T5 virion (cross section and side view)

The T5 virion includes a 90 nanometer icosahedral capsid (head) and a 160 nanometer-long flexible, non-contractile tail. [3] [4]

The capsid contains the phage's 121,750 base pair, double-stranded DNA genome which is predicted to encode about 162 proteins. [5] [6] The genome has a unique sequence of 111,613 bp with two identical large direct terminal repetitions of 10,139 bp. When the genome sequence was published in 2005, only 61 (36.3%) of the 168 encoded proteins had been assigned functions based on homology to known sequences. [5] More than half of all genes (92 or 54.7%) were predicted ORFs lacking similarity to any known proteins.

Infection

Bacteriophage T5 has been shown to infect E. coli after its receptor binding protein, pb5, binds to the host cell's outer membrane ferrichrome transporter, FhuA. The binding triggers structural changes in pb5 and eventually leads to DNA release from the phage capsid. [7] [8]

References

  1. ↑ Padilla-Sanchez, Victor (27 August 2025). "Bacteriophage T5 Structure at Atomic Resolution". Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.16971528.
  2. ↑ Krupovic, Mart; et al. (May 2015). "To rename all (522) existing bacterial virus and 2 archaeal virus species" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  3. ↑ Effantin, G.; Boulanger, P.; Neumann, E.; Letellier, L.; Conway, J.F. (September 2006). "Bacteriophage T5 Structure Reveals Similarities with HK97 and T4 Suggesting Evolutionary Relationships". Journal of Molecular Biology. 361 (5): 993–1002. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.06.081.
  4. ↑ Linares, Romain; Arnaud, Charles-Adrien; Effantin, Grégory; Darnault, Claudine; Epalle, Nathan Hugo; Boeri Erba, Elisabetta; Schoehn, Guy; Breyton, Cécile (24 March 2023). "Structural basis of bacteriophage T5 infection trigger and E. coli cell wall perforation". Science Advances. 9 (12). doi:10.1126/sciadv.ade9674. PMC   10038345 .
  5. 1 2 Wang, Jianbin; Jiang, Yan; Vincent, Myriam; Sun, Yongqiao; Yu, Hong; Wang, Jing; Bao, Qiyu; Kong, Huimin; Hu, Songnian (2005). "Complete genome sequence of bacteriophage T5". Virology. 332 (1): 45–65. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.10.049 . ISSN   0042-6822. PMID   15661140.
  6. ↑ van den Berg, Bert; Silale, Augustinas; Baslé, Arnaud; Brandner, Astrid F.; Mader, Sophie L.; Khalid, Syma (18 October 2022). "Structural basis for host recognition and superinfection exclusion by bacteriophage T5". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (42). doi:10.1073/pnas.2211672119. PMC   9586334 .
  7. ↑ Flayhan, Ali; Wien, Frank; Paternostre, Maïté; Boulanger, Pascale; Breyton, Cécile (September 2012). "New insights into pb5, the receptor binding protein of bacteriophage T5, and its interaction with its Escherichia coli receptor FhuA". Biochimie. 94 (9): 1982–1989. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2012.05.021. PMID   22659573. S2CID   20354844.
  8. ↑ Basit, Hajra; Shivaji Sharma, K.; Van der Heyden, Angéline; Gondran, Chantal; Breyton, Cécile; Dumy, Pascal; Winnik, Françoise M.; Labbé, Pierre (2012). "Amphipol mediated surface immobilization of FhuA: a platform for label-free detection of the bacteriophage protein pb5". Chemical Communications. 48 (48): 6037. doi:10.1039/c2cc31107k. PMID   22576748.
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