Euskal Herriko Alderdi Sozialista Basque Socialist Party | |
---|---|
Leader | Manex Goyhenetche Santiago Brouard |
Founded | 1975 |
Dissolved | 1977 1981 (France) | (Spain)
Merger of | Herriko Alderdi Sozialista Eusko Alderdi Sozialista |
Merged into | Herri Alderdi Sozialista Iraultzailea [1] |
Newspaper | Euskaldunak |
Paramilitary wing | ETA(m) |
Ideology | Basque independence Revolutionary socialism Marxism-Leninism Abertzale Left |
Political position | Radical left |
National affiliation | Koordinadora Abertzale Sozialista |
Euskal Herriko Alderdi Sozialista (English: Socialist Party of the Basque Country; EHAS) was an illegal revolutionary socialist Basque political party, with presence in both Spanish Basque Country and the French Basque Country.
EHAS was formed as the merge of the Spanish-Basque Eusko Alderdi Sozialista and the French-Basque Herriko Alderdi Sozialista, being the first Basque party with presence at both sides of the border. The party participated in various unitary movements, like Euskal Erakunde Herritarra (coordination body of both independentist and non-independentist Basque socialists and communists) and the Koordinadora Abertzale Sozialista. The party also signed the Brest Charter in 1975.
In 1977 the party merged with Eusko Sozialistak, a small socialist party critical with ETA(m), to create Herri Alderdi Sozialista Iraultzailea (HASI). In Iparralde the party continued to exist, and presented candidacies to various elections. Manex Goyhenetche was the French-Basque leader of the party, that maintained a strong relationship with the Breton Democratic Union. [2]
The Basque Nationalist Party, officially Basque National Party in English, is a Basque nationalist and regionalist political party. The party is located in the centre of the political spectrum.
Herri Batasuna was a far-left Basque nationalist coalition in Spain. It was founded in 1978 and defined itself as abertzale, left-wing, socialist, and supported the independence of the Greater Basque Country. It was refounded as Batasuna in 2001 and subsequently outlawed by the Spanish Supreme Court for being considered the political wing of the separatist group Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA).
The Basque Country is the name given to the home of the Basque people. The Basque Country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay.
Abertzale is a Basque term usually referring to people or political groups who are associated with Basque nationalism.
Communist Movement of Euskadi was originally the branch of the Communist Movement (MC) in Basque Country and Navarre, Spain. EMK was previously known as ETA Berri, a splinter group of ETA. EMK separated itself from MC in 1983. In 1991 EMK merged with LKI and formed Zutik in Basque Country. In Navarre EMK took part in forming Batzarre. Some of its most prominent leaders were Patxi Iturrioz, Eugenio del Río, Rosa Olivares Txertudi, Milagros Rubio, Jesús Urra Bidaurre and the brothers Javier and Ignacio Álvarez Dorronsoro.
The Basque National Liberation Movement was an umbrella term that comprised all social, political and armed organizations orbiting around the ideas of the illegal armed organisation Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA), proscribed internationally as a terrorist organisation.
People's Socialist Revolutionary Party was a non-legal Basque political party, considered commonly to be the political branch of ETA. It always ran as part of the coalition of the Basque National Liberation Movement, Herri Batasuna, until its self-dissolution in the 1990s. The party's acronym "HASI" means "to begin" in Basque language.
José Luis Álvarez Enparantza, better known by his pseudonym Txillardegi, was a Basque linguist, politician, and writer. He was born and raised in the Basque Country, and although he did not learn the Basque language until the age of 17, he later came to be considered one of the most influential figures in Basque nationalism and culture in the second half of the 20th century. He was one of the founders of ETA, but in 1967 he left because he did not agree with its political line.
Internationalist Initiative–Solidarity among Peoples (II–SP) was a radical left political coalition from Spain.
Santiago Brouard or Santi Brouard was a doctor and Basque politician. He was one of the leaders of Herri Batasuna, and deputy mayor of Bilbao. He was killed by the Spanish government's death squad, the Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación (GAL), in one of its highest-profile acts. Broaurd was shot by GAL gunmen Luis Morcillo and Rafael López Ocaña as he left his paediatric clinic in Bilbao.
Eusko Alkartasuna is a Basque nationalist and social-democratic political party operating in Spain and France. The Basque language name means Basque Solidarity and abbreviated as EA. The party describes itself as a "Basque nationalist, democratic, popular, progressive and non-denominational party". The party has adopted the slogan "Euskal Sozialdemokrazia".
Eusko Alderdi Sozialista was an underground revolutionary socialist Basque political party.
Herriko Alderdi Sozialista was a revolutionary socialist Basque political party, with presence only in the French Basque Country.
Eusko Sozialistak was a Basque socialist political party, with presence in the Spanish Basque Country. The leaders of ES were Javier Alonso and Mikel Salaberri.
Basque Socialist Party or Basque Socialist Assembly was a socialist Basque political party, with presence in the Southern Basque Country. The party was illegal until 1978.
Euskal Herria Bai is a Basque political party and former electoral alliance in France, founded in 2007 by Abertzaleen Batasuna, Eusko Alkartasuna and Batasuna. Batasuna was dissolved in 2013, and replaced by Sortu. It became a unified party in November 2022.
Jarki is an independentist and socialist organization from the Basque Country. It was founded on March 18, 2017, with the aim of engaging in ideological struggle. The organization seeks to promote confrontation with Spain by encouraging public mobilization and activism, with the goal of "eroding the state's hegemony." However, Jarki has explicitly rejected the use of street violence and attacks as a means to achieve its goals.
Socialist Movement is a separatist and socialist political movement in the Basque Country that emerged in the late 2010s. The Socialist Movement is composed of various organizations that are interconnected and share similar ideologies and tactics, with each organization focusing on a specific area of influence.