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Forum for the Restoration of Democracy was a political party and a movement against the one-party system in Kenya. It was founded in August 1991 by Oginga Odinga and others. [1] However, it split before the 1992 General elections, the first multiparty elections held in Kenya.
The original FORD split into three political parties:
The Kenya African National Union (KANU) is a Kenyan political party that ruled for nearly 40 years after Kenya's independence from British colonial rule in 1963 until its electoral loss in 2002. It was known as Kenya African Union (KAU) from 1944 to 1952. The KAU was banned by the colonial government from 1952 to 1960. It was re-established by James Gichuru in 1960 and renamed KANU on 14 May 1960 after a merger with Tom Mboya's Kenya Independence Movement.
Jaramogi Ajuma Oginga Odinga was a Luo chieftain who became a prominent figure in Kenya's struggle for independence. He later served as Kenya's first Vice-President, and thereafter as opposition leader. Odinga's son Raila Odinga is the former Prime Minister, and another son, Oburu Odinga, is a former Assistant Minister in the Ministry of Finance.
Democratic Action is a Venezuelan social democratic and center-left political party established in 1941.
The Forum for the Restoration of Democracy–Asili (FORD–Asili) is a political party in Kenya. It is commonly known as FORD-Asili. Asili means 'original' in Swahili. FORD-Asili has its origins in the original Forum for the Restoration of Democracy. In August 1992, the original FORD split into two factions. The Odinga-Wamalwa faction remained in the original Nairobi party headquarters at Agip House on Haile Selassie Avenue whilst the Matiba-Shikuku faction moved to Muthithi House on Muthithi Road in Westlands. Thus for a period prior to registration as independent parties, the two factions were known as FORD-Agip and FORD-Muthithi. FORD-Agip was registered as FORD-Kenya whilst FORD-Muthithi was registered as FORD-Asili. Both parties went on to field competitive presidential candidates in the December 1992 general elections. FORD-Asili's candidate Kenneth Matiba polled second to KANU's Daniel Toroitich arap Moi in 1992 and won 31 parliamentary seats, dominating Murang'a District in Central Province and garnering a credible portion of the votes in Eastern and Western Provinces. By 1997, Kenneth Matiba and Martin Shikuku disagreed on a number of matters resulting in Matiba's departure from the party, his destruction of his voter's card and refusal to stand in the 1997 Presidential Elections. Martin Shikuku therefore won the party's presidential nomination and went on to win only 0.6% of the Presidential Vote, with the party winning 1 National Assembly seat. In the 2002 election, Ford-Asili won 2 out of 212 elected seats and did not field a presidential candidate, choosing to support the successful NARC alliance candidate Mwai Kibaki. In 2007, Ford-Asili supported Mwai Kibaki again as presidential candidate, this time under the Party of National Unity banner and won a single parliamentary seat in its own right. In the same election, the party's original presidential candidate Kenneth Matiba re-registered as a voter and stood under the Saba Saba-Asili banner. Matiba came in 7th with only 0.081% of the vote.
The Forum for the Restoration of Democracy–People, commonly known as Ford People, was a political party in Kenya.
Communist Party of Nepal (Burma), initially known simply as Communist Party of Nepal or Communist Party of Nepal , was a communist party in Nepal. The party emerged from a split in the original Communist Party of Nepal in 1962, representing the pro-Soviet sector of the party. Its main leader until 1983 was Keshar Jung Rayamajhi, who had been the general secretary of the original CPN.
Forum for the Restoration of Democracy–Kenya (FORD–Kenya) is a Kenyan political party. It was part of the National Rainbow Coalition that governed Kenya from 2003 to 2007, having ended forty years of Kenya African National Union rule. It is allied to the Coalition for Reforms and Democracy which is the main opposition coalition in Kenya's parliament and is headed by Moses Wetangula, the Senator for Bungoma County.
The Africa Liberal Network is an organization composed of 47 political parties from 29 countries in Africa. It is an associated organisation of Liberal International, the political family to which liberal democratic parties belong. The ALN serves to promote liberal objectives and principles throughout the continent.
Kenneth Stanley Njindo Matiba was a Kenyan politician and an activist for democracy. He came in at second place in the 1992 presidential election. In November 2007, he announced that he would stand as a presidential candidate in the December 2007 election. Matiba placed seventh, with 8,046 votes.
Masinde Muliro was a Kenyan politician, one of the central figures in the shaping of the political landscape in Kenya. A renowned anti-colonial activist, he campaigned for the restoration of multi-party democracy in Kenya in his later years. He was a ruthless negotiator and a proponent of peaceful but focused politics. He had a reputation for integrity rivaled only by Ronald Ngala. Considered by some as one of the best leaders that never became president, it has been speculated that had he not died, he may have beaten Daniel arap Moi for the presidency in 1992.
Kiraitu Murungi is the Governor of Meru County in Kenya. He is a former long-serving Member of Parliament for South Imenti constituency (1992-2013), former Cabinet Minister, and former Senator for Meru County.
The Wiper Democratic Movement–Kenya (WDM-K) is a political party in Kenya, which originated as a result of the 2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum. It is headed by Kalonzo Musyoka, who ran for president in 2007 and served as the vice-president in the Grand Coalition of Mwai Kibaki and Raila Odinga. It is now a member of the main opposition NASA.
Moses Kiprono arap Keino was Speaker of the Parliament of Kenya from 1988 until 1991.
North Mugirango is one of four constituencies in Nyamira County, Kenya, currently being led by a member of parliament by the name of Joash Nyamoko, aligned to the UDA party, even though he was elected on the Ruling Jubilee Party ticket. In 2019 the population was 191,700 with 89092 voters registered for the 2022 election. In 1966 the North Mugirango Constituency was split into West Mugirango and a smaller North Mugirango. The name was changed to Borabu / North Mugirango in 1974. In 1987 the name changed back to North Mugirango and was finally changed to North Mugirango / Borabu in 1986. The wards consist of North Mugirango Chache, Bomwgamo, Ekerenyo, Kiabonyoru, Kiangeni, Makenene, Nyansiongo, Esise. From 2002 to 2007 Godfrey Okeri Masanya was the elected member. The Current Member of Parliament is Joash Nyamoko of Jubilee Party. In the next election scheduled for August 2022, Nyamoko faces a strong competition from worthy opponents, including Nathaniel Mong'are, Ombui, and Esimba ya'Bonyunyu. Ever since the start of Multiparty democracy in 1992, no member of parliament has been reelected.
Ford commonly refers to:
Kenya National Congress (KNC) is a Kenyan political party founded in 1991 during the early days of the return of Multiparty Democracy as a result of a split in FORD-Asili. It has consistently fielded candidates in general elections since 1992 at Parliamentary and Local Authority levels. The party sponsored Gatanga Member of Parliament Peter Kenneth, who launched his presidential bid on the party ticket, as well as an alliance between him and Raphael Tuju of the Party of Action The stated vision of KNC, as according to its official web site, is to see Kenya as a proud and prosperous nation that takes care of all her citizens and where hope and self-confidence thrives among all Kenyans both at home and abroad.
The New Forum for the Restoration of Democracy–Kenya, commonly known as New Ford Kenya was a political party in Kenya.
Joseph Martin Shikuku Oyondi was a Kenyan politician.
The National Super Alliance, known by the abbreviation NASA, is a Kenyan political coalition of opposition centre-left parties that was formed in January 2017. These parties include the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM), Wiper Democratic Movement (Wiper), Forum for the Restoration of Democracy - Kenya (FORD-Kenya), Amani National Congress (ANC), National Rainbow Coalition, Progressive Party of Kenya, Chama Cha Uzalendo (CCU), and the Muungano Party (MP).
Patrick Khaemba is a Kenyan politician. He is the Governor of Trans-Nzoia County in Kenya. He was elected into office in 2013 during the Kenya general elections. He is a member of the Coalition for Reforms and Democracy. He was elected under the Forum for the Restoration of Democracy – Kenya.
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