The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research,known simply as the American Enterprise Institute (AEI),is a center-right/ think tank based in Washington,D.C.,that researches government,politics,economics,and social welfare. AEI is an independent nonprofit organization supported primarily by contributions from foundations,corporations,and individuals.
Howard Earl Gardner is an American developmental psychologist and the John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Research Professor of Cognition and Education at Harvard University. He was a founding member of Harvard Project Zero in 1967 and held leadership roles at that research center from 1972 to 2023. Since 1995,he has been the co-director of The Good Project.
John Thomas Dunlop was an American administrator,labor economist,and educator. Dunlop was the United States Secretary of Labor between 1975 and 1976 under President Gerald Ford. He was Director of the United States Cost of Living Council from 1973 to 1974,Chairman of the United States Commission on the Future of Worker-Management Relations from 1993 to 1995,which produced the Dunlop Report in 1994. He was also arbitrator and impartial chairman of various United States labor-management committees,and a member of numerous government boards on industrial relations disputes and economic stabilization.
Roger W. Ferguson Jr. is an American economist,attorney and corporate executive who served as the 17th vice chairman of the Federal Reserve from 1999 to 2006. Prior to his term as vice chairman,Ferguson served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors,taking office in 1997. He was the first African-American vice chairman. After leaving the Fed,he served as president and CEO of the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America (TIAA) from 2008 to 2021. Ferguson has also been appointed to the board of directors of several companies including Alphabet.
Ramesh Ponnuru is an American conservative thinker,political pundit,and journalist. He is the editor of National Review magazine,a contributing columnist for The Washington Post,and a contributing editor to the domestic policy journal National Affairs. He has been a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute since 2012.
Fernando M. Reimers is the Ford Foundation Professor of the Practice in International Education and Director of the Global Education Innovation Initiative at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He is interested in advancing understanding of the ways schools can empower students to participate civically and economically,and to help achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals. He served on UNESCO's Commission on the Futures of Education that authored the report Reimagining Our Futures Together. A New Social Contract for Education.
These organizations for post-secondary education have a common purpose and mission for advocacy in numerous areas of both institutional management and the general public interest. The organizations have specific purpose for issues from faculty unionization to public policy research and service to institutions. Most are focused on the organization and governance of higher and tertiary education,but some are involved in service and research at all levels of education.
The history of education in the United States covers the trends in formal education in America from the 17th century to the early 21st century.
Chester Evans "Checker" Finn Jr. is a former professor of education,an educational policy analyst,and a former United States Assistant Secretary of Education. He is currently the president emeritus of the nonprofit Thomas B. Fordham Foundation in Washington,D.C. He is also Volker Senior Fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution where he chairs the Working Group on Good American Citizenship. He was also a member of the Maryland Kirwan Commission on Education during its authorization period from 2016 to 2019.
Governance in higher education is the means by which institutions for higher education are formally organized and managed. Simply,university governance is the way in which universities are operated. Governing structures for higher education are highly differentiated throughout the world,but the different models nonetheless share a common heritage. Internationally,tertiary education includes private not-for-profit,private for-profit,and public institutions governed by differentiated structures of management.
Christopher C. DeMuth is an American lawyer and a distinguished fellow at the Hudson Institute,as well as director of the National Conservatism conference organized by the Edmund Burke Society. He was the president of the American Enterprise Institute (AEI),a conservative think tank,from 1986 to 2008. DeMuth is widely credited with reviving AEI's fortunes after its near-bankruptcy in 1986 and leading the institute to new levels of influence and growth. Before joining AEI,DeMuth worked on regulatory issues in the Ronald Reagan administration.
Paul E. Peterson is an American scholar on education reform. His work has largely focused on the importance of parental choice for improving school outcomes. He is Editor-In-Chief of Education Next,an educational policy journal published by the Hoover Institution advocating for K-12 education reform in the United States. He is the Henry Lee Shattuck Professor of Government and Director of the Program on Education Policy and Governance at Harvard University and a senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution.
Nicholas Nash Eberstadt is an American political economist. He holds the Henry Wendt Chair in Political Economy at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI),a political think tank. He is also a Senior Adviser to the National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR),a member of the visiting committee at the Harvard School of Public Health,and a member of the Global Leadership Council at the World Economic Forum.
Lowell Jay Milken is an American businessman,philanthropist,and the co-founder and chairman of the Milken Family Foundation. He is also the founder of the National Institute for Excellence in Teaching,TAP System for Teacher and Student Advancement as well as co-founder of Knowledge Universe,the world’s largest provider of early childhood education from 2005 until 2016. He is known for his advocacy and nonprofit leadership focused on K-12 American education reform. In 2017,he was the recipient of the James Bryant Conant Award for exceptional contributions to American Education. Lowell Milken has founded several more nonprofit organizations,including the Lowell Milken Family Foundation and the Lowell Milken Center for Unsung Heroes. In 2000,he was named one of America's most generous philanthropists by Worth magazine and has been listed for the past 7 years in the Los Angeles Business Journal’s LA500 list of the most influential and impactful executives in Los Angeles.
Richard D. Kahlenberg is an American writer who has written about a variety of education,labor and housing issues.
Mayoral control of schools is governance over American schools based on the business model,in which the mayor of a city replaces an elected board of education with an appointed board. The mayor may also directly appoint the head of the school system,called the CEO,superintendent or chancellor. Also known as integrated governance,mayoral control of schools is in contrast to the structure it replaces:an elected board that governs schools independently from the formal influence of the mayor.
Marshall S. Smith was an American educator. He held academic positions at Harvard University,the University of Wisconsin at Madison,and Stanford University,where he was Dean of the Stanford University Graduate School of Education. He also held positions in the Gerald Ford,Jimmy Carter,Bill Clinton,and Barack Obama White House administrations.
The 1997 Ontario teachers' strike was a labour dispute between the government of Ontario under Premier Mike Harris of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario (PCs),and the Ontario Teachers' Federation (OTF) and its member labour unions. The strike occurred in the context of Harris' Common Sense Revolution,a program of deficit reduction characterized by cuts to education and social services. In September 1997,the PCs introduced Bill 160,which sought to reduce education spending and transfer numerous aspects of school administration from local school boards to the provincial government. In response,teachers participated in a province-wide walkout beginning on October 27,1997.
The federal government of the United States has limited authority to act on education,and education policy serves to support the education systems of state and local governments through funding and regulation of elementary,secondary,and post-secondary education. The Department of Education serves as the primary government organization responsible for enacting federal education policy in the United States.
Richard P. Chait is an American scholar of higher education and Professor Emeritus of Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education,where he was a faculty member for seventeen years. He is an expert on the terms and conditions of faculty employment and on the roles,responsibilities,and performance of nonprofit and college boards of trustees. He has also researched and written extensively on faculty work life,including advocacy for more equitable treatment of underrepresented minorities. Near the end of his career,Chait was known as "one of the nation’s leading authorities on higher education governance."
