Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli Mukta dādarā āṇi nagara havēlī | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1954–1961 | |||||||||
Status | De facto state claimed by Portugal | ||||||||
Capital | Silvassa 20°16′N73°01′E / 20.27°N 73.02°E | ||||||||
Common languages | English, Gujarati, Hindi, Dhodia | ||||||||
Government | Provisional government | ||||||||
Administrator [1] | |||||||||
• 1954 | R. V. Mudras | ||||||||
• 1954 | Vishwanath Lawande | ||||||||
• 1954-1955 | Appasaheb Karmalkar | ||||||||
• 1955-1960 | Antonio Furtado | ||||||||
• 1960-1961 | K. G. Badlani | ||||||||
Prime Minister | |||||||||
• 1961 | K. G. Badlani | ||||||||
Legislature | Varishta Panchayat | ||||||||
Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
• Liberation of Dadra | 22 July 1954 | ||||||||
• Liberation of Nagar Haveli | 2 August 1954 | ||||||||
• Annexed by India | 11 August 1961 | ||||||||
Currency | Portuguese Indian rupia, later Indian rupee | ||||||||
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Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli was a de facto independent political entity that existed on the Indian subcontinent between 1954 and 1961. It was declared by pro-India forces that had gained control of the region from Portugal in 1954, and ceased to exist after being formally annexed by India on 11 August 1961 as the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli.
Dadra and Nagar Haveli were small Portuguese overseas territories that had been part of Portuguese India since 1779. They were administered by a Portuguese Governor based in nearby Daman. Following Indian independence in 1947, they were completely surrounded by sovereign territory belonging to India.
On 22 July 1954, pro-India forces took control of the main police station in Dadra. They would proceed to take control of Naroli on 22 July and the capital of Silvassa on 2 August, at which point the region was declared liberated from Portuguese rule and assumed the name “Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli”. [2] A body called the Varishta Panchayat of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli was formed to administer the territory. The Indian National Flag was hoisted in Silvassa and the Indian national anthem was sung, becoming the symbols of the state. [3] [4] [5]
In June 1961, the Varishta Panchayat of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli voted to accede to India. An Indian civil servant, K.G. Badlani would assume the title “Prime Minister of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli” on 11 August 1961 in order to formally sign an Instrument of Accession allowing annexation by India to take place. [4] [6] Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli was annexed by India on 11 August 1961 by virtue of the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of India, becoming the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. [7]
Portugal refused to recognise the loss of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, and continued to claim the areas as part of Portuguese India an were still recognised internationally (e.g., by the International Court of Justice) as Portuguese possessions. [8] Portugal formally recognised Indian sovereignty over the area on 31 December 1974 following the Carnation revolution. [9]
After Dadra and Nagar Haveli was declared liberated from Portuguese rule, a body called the Varishta Panchayat of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli was formed to administer the region. The administration of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli was also supported by civil servants from the Indian Administrative Service.
Mail from Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli was routed through the Indian town of Vapi close to the border. Initially, remaining stocks of stamps of Portuguese India were overprinted LIBERATED AREAS in two lines. [10] A single revenue stamp was also issued by Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli. [11]
India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, for a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into 806 districts and smaller administrative divisions.
Dadra and Nagar Haveli is a district of the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu in western India. It is composed of two separate geographical entities: Nagar Haveli, wedged in between Maharashtra and Gujarat states 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the north-west, and the smaller enclave of Dadra, which is surrounded by Gujarat. Silvassa is the administrative headquarters of Dadra and Nagar Haveli.
Daman and Diu was a union territory in northwestern India. With an area of 112 km2 (43 sq mi), it was the smallest administrative subdivision of India on the mainland. The territory comprised two districts, Daman and Diu Island, geographically separated by the Gulf of Khambat. The state of Gujarat and the Arabian Sea bordered the territory. A Portuguese colony since the 1500s, these territories were taken over by India with the Annexation of Goa in 1961. Daman and Diu were administered as part of the union territory of Goa, Daman and Diu between 1961 and 1987. After the Goa Opinion Poll, they became separate union territories. In 2019, a legislation was passed to merge the union territories of Daman and Diu with its neighbouring union territory, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, to form the new union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu with effect from 26 January 2020.
Silvassa is a city and the headquarters of the Dadra and Nagar Haveli district in Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu in western India. It is today the largest city in the union territory. The city was chosen as one of the hundred Indian cities in Government of India's flagship Smart Cities Mission.
The Daman Ganga, also called the Dawan River, is a river in western India. The river's headwaters are on the western slope of the Western Ghats range, and it flows west into the Arabian Sea. The river flows through Maharashtra and Gujarat states, as well as the Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. The industrial towns of Vapi, Dadra and Silvassa lie on the north bank of the river, and the town of Daman occupies both banks of the river's mouth.
Goa, Daman and Diu was a union territory of the Republic of India established in 1961 following the liberation of Portuguese India, with Maj Gen K P Candeth as its first governor. The Goa portion of the territory was granted full statehood within the Indian union on 30 May 1987, Daman and Diu remained a separate territory until December 2019, when it was merged with Dadra and Nagar Haveli and is today the territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.
Daman district, is one of four districts of the Indian union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. It is located on the west coast of India and is surrounded by the Valsad district of the Gujarat state to the north, east and south, and by the Arabian Sea to the west. The district covers an area of 72 square kilometers and had a population of 191,173 as of the 2011 census, an increase of 69.256% from the 2001 census. The district headquarters is Daman. Previously, the territorial headquarters were in Panjim when it was jointly administered as Goa, Daman, and Diu until the time of the Konkani language agitation.
Dadra is one of the two talukas in Dadra and Nagar Haveli district, India. It is an enclave lying a few kilometres north west of Nagar Haveli and is surrounded by Gujarat.
Nagar Haveli is one of the two talukas of Dadra and Nagar Haveli District, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India. It is surrounded by the Indian states of Gujarat and Maharashtra.
The Goa liberation movement was a movement which fought to end Portuguese colonial rule in Goa, Portuguese India. The movement built on the small scale revolts and uprisings of the 19th century, and grew powerful during the period 1940–1961. The movement was conducted both inside and outside Goa, and was characterised by a range of tactics including nonviolent demonstrations, revolutionary methods and diplomatic efforts. However, Portuguese control of its Indian colonies ended only when India invaded and annexed Goa in 1961, causing a mixture of worldwide acclaim and condemnation, and incorporated the territories into India.
The annexation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli was the conflict in which the territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli passed from Portuguese rule to independent rule, with Indian allegiance, in 1954.
The Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution Act, 1961, incorporated Dadra and Nagar Haveli as the seventh Union territory of India, by amending the First Schedule to the Constitution. It also amended clause (1) of article 240 of the Constitution to include therein the Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli in order to enable the President to "make regulations for the peace, progress and good government of the territory". The 10th Amendment retroactively came into effect on 11 August 1961.
Maghval, also known as Megwal and Meghwad, is a village in the Kaparada taluka of Valsad district in Gujarat State, India. It is a small enclave belonging to Gujarat, but located within Nagar Haveli, just south of Silvassa in the Indian union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Silvassa or locally known as JNV Silvassa is a boarding, co-educational school in Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli in India. Navodaya Vidyalayas are funded by the Indian Ministry of Human Resources Development and administered by Navodaya Vidyalaya Smiti, an autonomous body under the ministry.
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu is a union territory in India. The territory was constituted through the merger of the former territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. Plans for the proposed merger were announced by the Government of India in July 2019; the necessary legislation was passed in the Parliament of India in December 2019 and came into effect on 26 January 2020. The territory is made up of four separate geographical entities: Dadra, Nagar Haveli, Daman, and the island of Diu. All four areas were formerly part of Portuguese India, with a joint capital at Panjim, Goa. They came under Indian rule in the mid-20th century after the Annexation of Goa and of the Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Goa, Daman and Diu were jointly administered until 1987, when Goa was granted statehood after the Konkani language agitation. The current capital is Daman and Silvassa is the largest city.
Dadra and Nagar Haveli Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary located in the Indian Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. The sanctuary includes the Satmalia Deer Park and Vasona Lion Safari
The Administration of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu is the governing body of the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. The administration is led by an administrator appointed by the President of India. The union territory doesn't have an elected legislative assembly. It governs three districts.