GEM (gene)

GEM
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2CJW, 2G3Y, 2HT6
Identifiers
Aliases	GEM , KIR, GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle
External IDs	OMIM: 600164; MGI: 99844; HomoloGene: 38024; GeneCards: GEM; OMA:GEM - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 8 (human) [1] Band 8q22.1 Start 94,249,253 bp [1] End 94,262,350 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse) [2] Band 4 A1|4 5.34 cM Start 11,704,457 bp [2] End 11,714,752 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in retinal pigment epithelium gallbladder tail of epididymis vena cava gastric mucosa right coronary artery ascending aorta cartilage tissue Descending thoracic aorta mucosa of urinary bladder Top expressed in ascending aorta cumulus cell aortic valve skin of external ear pineal gland neural layer of retina adrenal gland endocardial cushion spermatocyte atrioventricular valve More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding GTP binding protein binding magnesium ion binding calmodulin binding GDP binding GTPase activity calcium channel regulator activity Cellular component spindle midzone cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane plasma membrane midbody mitotic spindle nucleus membrane Biological process cell surface receptor signaling pathway metaphase plate congression chromosome organization immune response signal transduction mitotic cell cycle negative regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2669 14579 Ensembl ENSG00000164949 ENSMUSG00000028214 UniProt P55040 P55041 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_181702 NM_005261 NM_010276 RefSeq (protein) NP_005252 NP_859053 NP_034406 Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 94.25 – 94.26 Mb Chr 4: 11.7 – 11.71 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

GTP-binding protein GEM is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GEM gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RAD/GEM family of GTP-binding proteins. It is associated with the inner face of the plasma membrane and could play a role as a regulatory protein in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. ^[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164949 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028214 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Maguire J, Santoro T, Jensen P, Siebenlist U, Yewdell J, Kelly K (Aug 1994). "Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family". Science. 265 (5169): 241–4. Bibcode:1994Sci...265..241M. doi:10.1126/science.7912851. PMID   7912851.
6. Ward Y, Yap SF, Ravichandran V, Matsumura F, Ito M, Spinelli B, Kelly K (Apr 2002). "The GTP binding proteins Gem and Rad are negative regulators of the Rho-Rho kinase pathway". J Cell Biol. 157 (2): 291–302. doi:10.1083/jcb.200111026. PMC   2199248 . PMID   11956230.
7. "Entrez Gene: GEM GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle".

Further reading

• Cohen L, Mohr R, Chen YY, et al. (1995). "Transcriptional activation of a ras-like gene (kir) by oncogenic tyrosine kinases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (26): 12448–52. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.26.12448 . PMC   45455 . PMID   7809057.
• Santoro T, Maguire J, McBride OW, et al. (1997). "Chromosomal organization and transcriptional regulation of human GEM and localization of the human and mouse GEM loci encoding an inducible Ras-like protein". Genomics. 30 (3): 558–64. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1277. PMID   8825643.
• Moyers JS, Bilan PJ, Zhu J, Kahn CR (1997). "Rad and Rad-related GTPases interact with calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (18): 11832–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.18.11832 . PMID   9115241.
• Béguin P, Nagashima K, Gonoi T, et al. (2001). "Regulation of Ca2+ channel expression at the cell surface by the small G-protein kir/Gem". Nature. 411 (6838): 701–6. Bibcode:2001Natur.411..701B. doi:10.1038/35079621. PMID   11395774. S2CID   4382776.
• Aresta S, de Tand-Heim MF, Béranger F, de Gunzburg J (2003). "A novel Rho GTPase-activating-protein interacts with Gem, a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases". Biochem. J. 367 (Pt 1): 57–65. doi:10.1042/BJ20020829. PMC   1222866 . PMID   12093360.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC   139241 . PMID   12477932.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC   528928 . PMID   15489334.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID   16189514. S2CID   4427026.
• Kelly K (2006). "The RGK family: a regulatory tail of small GTP-binding proteins". Trends Cell Biol. 15 (12): 640–3. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2005.10.002. PMID   16242932.
• Opatowsky Y, Sasson Y, Shaked I, et al. (2006). "Structure-function studies of the G-domain from human gem, a novel small G-protein". FEBS Lett. 580 (25): 5959–64. Bibcode:2006FEBSL.580.5959O. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.09.067. PMC   1934412 . PMID   17052716.
• Splingard A, Ménétrey J, Perderiset M, et al. (2007). "Biochemical and structural characterization of the gem GTPase". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (3): 1905–15. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M604363200 . PMID   17107948.