GSI Mariner on the banks of the Mackenzie at Inuvik, 2015 | |
History | |
---|---|
Name | GSI Mariner |
Owner |
|
Port of registry | Edmonton, Alberta, Canada |
Builder | Alum Construction, Edmonton |
Launched | 1971 |
Identification |
|
Fate | Beached on the Mackenzie River near Inuvik, NT 68°20′20″N133°42′21″W / 68.33876°N 133.70588°W Coordinates: 68°20′20″N133°42′21″W / 68.33876°N 133.70588°W |
Notes | [1] |
General characteristics | |
Type | Research/survey vessel |
Tonnage | |
Length | 36.5 metres (120 ft) |
Beam | 9.1 metres (30 ft) |
Depth | 2.1 metres (6 ft 11 in) |
Installed power | 730 bhp (540 kW) |
Propulsion | Two diesel engines |
Speed | 11 kn (20 km/h; 13 mph) |
Notes | [1] |
GSI Mariner is a Canadian research/survey ship. She was built and used originally by Geophysical Service Inc. (GSI) to record seismic data on the Mackenzie River delta and the Beaufort Sea in the Arctic Ocean. [2] Later she was owned by other companies, including Halliburton Canada. She is currently beached on the banks of the Mackenzie south of Inuvik, near the beginning of the Tuktoyaktuk Winter Road.
GSI Mariner was built in 1971 in Edmonton, and taken up in sections to Great Slave Lake later that year to be launched onto the Mackenzie. GSI ran surveys and did seismic research with her during the summers and beached her over winters, voyages that continued as Halliburton took over GSI and then after the company was reincorporated. Whether she will sail again is not known.
GSI Mariner is built on a steel hull laid in carvel style. She is 36.5 metres (120 ft) long and 2.1 metres (6 ft 11 in) deep with a 9.1-metre (30 ft) beam. She has a gross tonnage of 308 with a net tonnage of 115. [3]
In the engine room power is provided by two diesel engines. Together they deliver 730 brake horsepower (540 kilowatts ) to the twin-screw propellers. The vessel can make 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph). [1]
The vessel's outer hull and lower deck are painted red. The upper deck is painted white. On each side of the bridge is a logo featuring the capital letters "HGS" and a globe-shaped grid pattern. Various antennae protrude from this level. [4]
Davey Einarsson, a GSI executive and lifelong employee of the oilfield services company, returned to Canada from Libya after the 1969 coup d'état that brought Muammar Gaddafi to power. He was assigned to the company's Arctic operations, off the coasts of Alaska and Canada in the Beaufort Sea. At the time the company had only one boat to serve its clients, the MV Grebe, a modified former submarine chaser. [2]
He decided the company needed its own bigger and newer boat. During the winter of 1970 Alum Construction of Edmonton built GSI Mariner in sections. The following summer the company placed those sections on trucks and took them up from Alberta to Hay River, Northwest Territories, where they were welded together and launched into the waters of Great Slave Lake. [2] From there her maiden voyage took her up the Mackenzie River to the Arctic Ocean doing seismic analysis. [2]
The company continued to operate during summers in the 1970s and '80s, even as GSI became part of Halliburton. In 1982 its encounter with a pack of bowhead whales while taking seismic shots off the coast of Alaska was used in scientific research suggesting the species is quite tolerant of offshore oil and gas exploration taking place near its habitat. [5]
During the winters she was moored in ice near Tuktoyaktuk, where the Mackenize drains into the Arctic. By the late 1990s she became the property of an Inuvik man and was beached on the east shore of the river's eastern channel south of Inuvik, where the Tuktoyaktuk Winter Road begins. In that capacity she was often seen as a landmark on the second season of the History Channel series Ice Road Truckers , which took place in the area. Her current certificate of registry expires in June 2022. [1]
Inuvik is the only town in the Inuvik Region, and the third largest community in Canada's Northwest Territories. Located in what is sometimes called the Beaufort Delta Region, it serves as its administrative and service centre and is home to federal, territorial, and Indigenous government offices, along with the regional hospital and airport.
The Beaufort Sea is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, located north of the Northwest Territories, the Yukon, and Alaska, and west of Canada's Arctic islands. The sea is named after Sir Francis Beaufort, a hydrographer. The Mackenzie River, the longest in Canada, empties into the Canadian part of the Beaufort Sea west of Tuktoyaktuk, which is one of the few permanent settlements on the sea's shores.
The Inuvialuit or Western Canadian Inuit are Inuit who live in the western Canadian Arctic region. They, like all other Inuit, are descendants of the Thule who migrated eastward from Alaska. Their homeland – the Inuvialuit Settlement Region – covers the Arctic Ocean coastline area from the Alaskan border, east through the Beaufort Sea and beyond the Amundsen Gulf which includes some of the western Canadian Arctic Islands, as well as the inland community of Aklavik and part of Yukon. The land was demarked in 1984 by the Inuvialuit Final Agreement.
The Dempster Highway, also referred to as Yukon Highway 5 and Northwest Territories Highway 8, is a highway in Canada that connects the Klondike Highway in Yukon to Inuvik, Northwest Territories on the Mackenzie River delta. The highway crosses the Peel and the Mackenzie rivers using a combination of seasonal ferry services and ice bridges. Year-round road access from Inuvik to Tuktoyaktuk opened in November 2017, with the completion of the Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway, creating the first all-weather road route connecting the Canadian road network with the Arctic Ocean.
Tuktoyaktuk, or TuktuyaaqtuuqIPA: [təktujaːqtuːq], is an Inuvialuit hamlet located near the Mackenzie River delta in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, at the northern terminus of the Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway. One of six Inuvialuit communities in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, it is commonly referred to by its first syllable, Tuk. It lies north of the Arctic Circle on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, and is the only place on the Arctic Ocean connected to the rest of Canada by road. Known as Port Brabant after British colonization, in 1950 it became the first Indigenous settlement in Canada to reclaim its traditional name.
The Mackenzie Valley Pipeline, also called the Mackenzie River Pipeline, was a proposed project to transport natural gas from the Beaufort Sea through Canada's Northwest Territories to tie into gas pipelines in northern Alberta. The project was first proposed in the early 1970s but was scrapped following an inquiry conducted by Justice Thomas Berger. The project was resurrected in 2004 with a new proposal to transport gas through the sensitive arctic tundra. Probabilistic estimates of hydrocarbons in the Mackenzie Delta and Beaufort Sea regions project that there are natural gas reserves of 1.9 trillion cubic metres. After many delays, the project was officially abandoned in 2017 by the main investment partners citing natural gas prices and the long regulatory process.
Canada's early petroleum discoveries took place near population centres or along lines of penetration into the frontier.
Tuktoyaktuk Winter Road, an extension of the Dempster Highway, was an ice road on frozen Mackenzie River delta channels and the frozen Arctic Ocean between the Northwest Territories communities of Inuvik and Tuktoyaktuk, in Canada. The road closed permanently on 29 April 2017 at the end of the 2016-2017 winter season. Construction of an all-season highway between Inuvik and Tuktoyaktuk commenced in April 2013; it opened on 15 November 2017.
The Mackenzie River in Canada's Northwest Territories is a historic waterway, used for centuries by Indigenous peoples, specifically the Dene, as a travel and hunting corridor. Also known as the Deh Cho, it is part of a larger watershed that includes the Slave, Athabasca, and Peace rivers extending from northern Alberta. In the 1780s, Peter Pond, a trader with the North West Company became the first known European to visit this watershed and begin viable trade with the Athapascan-speaking Dene of these rivers. The Mackenzie River itself, the great waterway extending to the Arctic Ocean, was first put on European maps by Alexander Mackenzie in 1789, the Scottish trader who explored the river. The watershed thus became a vital part of the North American fur trade, and before the advent of the airplane or road networks, the river was the only communication link between northern trading posts and the south. Water travel increased in the late 19th century as traders, dominated primarily by the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), looked to increase water services in the Mackenzie River District.
The Inuvialuit Settlement Region, abbreviated as ISR, located in Canada's western Arctic, was designated in 1984 in the Inuvialuit Final Agreement by the Government of Canada for the Inuvialuit people. It spans 90,650 km2 (35,000 sq mi) of land, mostly above the tree line, and includes several subregions: the Beaufort Sea, the Mackenzie River delta, the northern portion of Yukon, and the northwest portion of the Northwest Territories. The ISR includes both Crown Lands and Inuvialuit Private Lands.
This is a list of Ice Road Truckers Season 2 episodes.
At the top of the world, there's an outpost like no other…and a job only a few would dare. The ice men return: two titans of the southern ice roads, and two contenders. Last season they drove loaded semis on frozen lakes…this year, the Arctic Ocean. Deeper into the deep freeze. Further out on thinner ice. The new mission: to haul the heavy metal of natural gas drilling rigs up a frozen river and across ice-choked seas. Ice road truckers have come to the edge of the earth. These are the men who make their living on thin ice.
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Single steel drilling caisson is a drill barge that was built for year-round oil exploration in shallow ice-covered waters in the Beaufort Sea. The unit, initially named SSDC and later shortened to SDC, was converted from an old oil tanker in the early 1980s. It has been used to drill a total of eight oil wells on both Canadian and U.S. continental shelves, the most recent in 2006.
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The Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway (ITH), officially Northwest Territories Highway 10, is an all-weather road between Inuvik and Tuktoyaktuk in the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is the first all-weather road to Canada's Arctic Coast. The idea for the highway had been considered for decades. Final approval came in 2013 and construction began in 2014. It was officially opened on November 15, 2017.
Miscaroo was an icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessel built by Vancouver Shipyards for BeauDril, the drilling subsidiary of Gulf Canada Resources, in 1983. She was part of a fleet of Canadian icebreakers used to support offshore oil exploration in the Beaufort Sea. In the 1990s, the vessel was acquired by Canadian Marine Drilling (Canmar) and renamed Canmar Miscaroo. In 1998, she was purchased by Smit International and served in the Sakhalin oil fields as Smit Sakhalin until 2017 when the 34-year-old icebreaker was sold for scrapping in China.
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The Midnight Sun Mosque, also known as the Inuvik Mosque or Little Mosque on the Tundra, is a non-denominational Islamic house of worship located in Inuvik, Northwest Territories, Canada. The mosque was built in 2010 for the town's small Muslim community. It is the northernmost mosque in the Western Hemisphere and the only one in North America above the Arctic Circle.