Gane Pavilion

Last updated

The Gane Pavilion, also known as Gane's Pavilion, the Gane Show House and the Bristol Pavilion, was a temporary building designed by the modernist architect and furniture designer Marcel Breuer with F. R. S. Yorke and built in 1936 at Ashton Court near Bristol in England. [1]

Contents

History

After leaving Germany, Breuer spent 1935–37 working in London for the Isokon company, and in partnership with Yorke. [2] At this time Crofton Gane was the proprietor of P. E. Gane, a Bristol furniture manufacturing company. He became interested in modernist design and gained an introduction to Breuer via Isokon's proprietor, Jack Pritchard. Breuer redesigned Crofton Gane's own house in Bristol. Gane commissioned the pavilion as a showroom to display his range of products at the 1936 Royal Show, [3] which that year was held at Ashton Court. The five-day event opened on 30 June 1936. [4] [5]

The pavilion, designed by Breuer and Yorke, [6] was a flat-roofed building with planes of local stone and glass walls. The interior was finished with plywood. The pavilion's importance for modernism lay in innovations such as use of exposed stone for the walls, and the walls' arrangement in a free pattern allowing interior and exterior spaces to flow into each other. [2] The pavilion's design was a precursor of some of Breuer's subsequent achievements in America. [6] Breuer later stated that it was one of his two favourite works, after the UNESCO Headquarters building in Paris. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Art Deco</span> 20th-century architectural and art style

Art Deco, short for the French Arts décoratifs, is a style of visual arts, architecture, and product design, that first appeared in Paris in the 1910s, and flourished in the United States and Europe during the 1920s to early 1930s. Through styling and design of the exterior and interior of anything from large structures to small objects, including how people look, Art Deco has influenced bridges, buildings, ships, ocean liners, trains, cars, trucks, buses, furniture, and everyday objects including radios and vacuum cleaners.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Modern architecture</span> Architectural movement and style

Modern architecture, also called modernist architecture, was an architectural movement and style that was prominent in the 20th century, between the earlier Art Deco and later postmodern movements. Modern architecture was based upon new and innovative technologies of construction ; the principle functionalism ; an embrace of minimalism; and a rejection of ornament.

The year 1970 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Isokon Flats</span> Grade I listed building in London Borough of Camden, United Kingdom

Isokon Flats, also known as Lawn Road Flats and the Isokon building, on Lawn Road in the Belsize Park district of the London Borough of Camden, is a reinforced-concrete block of 36 flats, designed by Canadian engineer Wells Coates for Molly and Jack Pritchard.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wells Coates</span> Canadian architect (1895–1958)

Wells Wintemute Coates was an architect, designer and writer. He was, for most of his life, an expatriate Canadian who is best known for his work in England, the most notable of which is the Modernist block of flats known as the Isokon building in Hampstead, London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marcel Breuer</span> Hungarian-American architect and designer (1902–1981)

Marcel Lajos Breuer was a Hungarian-German modernist architect and furniture designer. He moved to the United States in 1937 and became a naturalized American citizen in 1944.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Isokon</span> Architecture firm

The London-based Isokon firm was founded in 1929 by the English entrepreneur Jack Pritchard and the Canadian architect Wells Coates to design and construct modernist houses and flats, and furniture and fittings for them. Originally called Wells Coates and Partners, the name was changed in 1931 to Isokon, a name derived from Isometric Unit Construction, bearing an allusion to Russian Constructivism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Florence Knoll</span> American architect (1917–2019)

Florence Marguerite Knoll Bassett was an American architect, interior designer, furniture designer, and entrepreneur who has been credited with revolutionizing office design and bringing modernist design to office interiors. Knoll and her husband, Hans Knoll, built Knoll Associates into a leader in the fields of furniture and interior design. She worked to professionalize the field of interior design, fighting against gendered stereotypes of the decorator. She is known for her open office designs, populated with modernist furniture and organized rationally for the needs of office workers. Her modernist aesthetic was known for clean lines and clear geometries that were humanized with textures, organic shapes, and colour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts</span> Specialized exhibition held in Paris, France, in 1925

The International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts was a specialized exhibition held in Paris, France, from April to October 1925. It was designed by the French government to highlight the new modern style of architecture, interior decoration, furniture, glass, jewelry and other decorative arts in Europe and throughout the world. Many ideas of the international avant-garde in the fields of architecture and applied arts were presented for the first time at the exposition. The event took place between the esplanade of Les Invalides and the entrances of the Grand Palais and Petit Palais, and on both banks of the Seine. There were 15,000 exhibitors from twenty different countries, and it was visited by sixteen million people during its seven-month run. The modern style presented at the exposition later became known as "Art Deco", after the exposition's name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berthold Lubetkin</span> Georgian-British architect

Berthold Romanovich Lubetkin was a Georgian-British architect who pioneered modernist design in Britain in the 1930s. His work includes the Highpoint housing complex, the Penguin Pool at London Zoo, Finsbury Health Centre and Spa Green Estate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eliot Noyes</span> American architect

Eliot Fette Noyes was an American architect and industrial designer, who worked on projects for IBM, most notably the IBM Selectric typewriter and the IBM Aerospace Research Center in Los Angeles, California. Noyes was also a pioneer in development of comprehensive corporate-wide design programs that integrated design strategy and business strategy. Noyes worked on corporate imagery for IBM, Mobil Oil, Cummins Engine and Westinghouse.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Modern furniture</span>

Modern furniture refers to furniture produced from the late 19th century through the present that is influenced by modernism. Post-World War II ideals of cutting excess, commodification, and practicality of materials in design heavily influenced the aesthetic of the furniture. It was a tremendous departure from all furniture design that had gone before it. There was an opposition to the decorative arts, which included Art Nouveau, Neoclassical, and Victorian styles. Dark or gilded carved wood and richly patterned fabrics gave way to the glittering simplicity and geometry of polished metal. The forms of furniture evolved from visually heavy to visually light. This shift from decorative to minimalist principles of design can be attributed to the introduction of new technology, changes in philosophy, and the influences of the principles of architecture. As Philip Johnson, the founder of the Department of Architecture and Design at the Museum of Modern Art articulates:

"Today industrial design is functionally motivated and follows the same principles as modern architecture: machine-like simplicity, smoothness of surface, avoidance of ornament ... It is perhaps the most fundamental contrast between the two periods of design that in 1900 the Decorative Arts possessed ..."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Knoll, Inc.</span> American furniture company

Knoll is an American company that manufactures office systems, seating, storage systems, tables, desks, textiles, and accessories for the home, office, and higher education. The company is the licensed manufacturer of furniture designed by architects and designers such as Harry Bertoia, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Florence Knoll, Frank Gehry, Charles Gwathmey, Maya Lin, Marcel Breuer, Eero Saarinen, and Lella and Massimo Vignelli, under the company's KnollStudio division. Over 40 Knoll designs can be found in the permanent design collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.

John Craven Pritchard was a British furniture entrepreneur, who was very influential between the First and Second World Wars. His work is exhibited in the Victoria and Albert Museum and the Museum of London. He was a member of the Design and Industries Association.

Francis Reginald Stevens Yorke, known professionally as F. R. S. Yorke and informally as "Kay" or "K," was an English architect and author.

Gane is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Alan I W Frank House</span>

The Alan I W Frank House is a private residence in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, designed by Bauhaus founder Walter Gropius and partner Marcel Breuer, two of the pioneering masters of 20th-century architecture and design. This spacious, multi-level residence, its furnishings and landscaping were all created by Gropius and Breuer as a 'Total Work of Art.' In size and completeness, it is unrivaled. It was their most important residential commission, and it is virtually the same today as when it was built in 1939–40, original and authentic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zeev Aram</span> British furniture and interior designer (1931–2021)

Zeev Aram was a British furniture and interior designer. He was the founder and chairman of Aram Designs Ltd, a modern furniture store in London's Covent Garden serving both the retail and contract market. He is responsible for introducing to the London market designers such as Marcel Breuer, the Castiglioni brothers, Mies van der Rohe, and Le Corbusier.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">West's Furniture Showroom</span> Historic site in Queensland, Australia

West's Furniture Showroom is a heritage-listed former shop at 620 Wickham Street, Fortitude Valley, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Karl Langer and built from 1952 to 1953. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 December 2015.

References

  1. Bergdoll, Barry; Beyer, John H. (1 August 2016). "Marcel Breuer: Bauhaus Tradition, Brutalist Invention": The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, v. 74, no. 1 (Summer, 2015). Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN   978-1-58839-611-2.
  2. 1 2 3 Powers, Alan (2005). Modern: The Modern Movement in Britain . London: Merrell. pp.  54–57. ISBN   1-85894-255-1.
  3. "Breuer in Bristol". Architects' Journal . 25 November 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
  4. "The Royal Show. Today's Opening at Bristol". The Times . London. 30 June 1936. p. 13.
  5. Banham, Joanna (1 May 1997). Encyclopedia of Interior Design. Routledge. ISBN   978-1-136-78757-7.
  6. 1 2 Condit, Charles W. (June 1951). "Review of 'Marcel Breuer:Artist and Designer' by Peter Blake". The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism . 9 (4). Wiley-Blackwell: 342. doi:10.2307/426521. JSTOR   426521.

51°26′52″N2°38′41″W / 51.4479°N 2.6446°W / 51.4479; -2.6446