Gorsky Uchastok Горскiй участокъ | |
---|---|
Country | Russian Empire |
Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
Oblast | Terek |
Okrug | Ingushskiy |
Established | 1860 |
Abolished | 1870 |
Capital | Vladikavkaz |
Gorsky Uchastok [note 1] was a territorial-administrative unit ( uchastok ) of the Ingushskiy Okrug of the Terek Oblast of the Russian Empire. [1] [2] [3] The area of the Gorsky Uchastok made up Dzheyrakhsky and part of the Sunzhensky Districts of Ingushetia.
After the end of the Caucasian War, the military administration of the Caucasus was eliminated and in 1860, the entire territory of the North Caucasus was divided into the Stavropol Governate, Kuban, Terek and Dagestan oblasts . The Terek Oblast consisted of 8 districts (okrugs), one of which was Ingushskiy Okrug.
The Gorsky Uchastok was created and it was one of the four uchastoks [note 3] making up the Ingushskiy Okrug. In 1866, the territory of the Meredzhi and Akkin societies was separated from the Gorskiy Uchastok of the Ingushskiy Okrug and subordinated to the administration of the Argunskiy Okrug.
Settlements of Gorskiy Uchastok: Dzheyrakh, Pamyat, Armkhi, Lyazhgi, Tsori, Khamkhi, Tumgi, Khuli, Egikhal, Bisht, Doshkhakle, Kyazi, Shoan, Salgi, Metskhal, Garkh, Furtoug, Kusht, Koshk Morch, Eban, Kerbete, Kharp, Beyni, Olgeti, Tsoli, Niy, Pyaling, Targim, Barkhane, Barakh, Leimi, Kart, Ozdik, Nilkh, Pui, Tsorkh, Kyakhk, Ersh, Ezmi, Kost, Nyakist, Hani, Gadaborsh, Torsh, Tori, Khay, Koli, Myashkhi, Vovnushki, Tsyzdy, Gul. In 1866, the settlements of Akki and parts of the Meredzhi societies — Yalkhoroy, Akki, Vilah, Kerete, Galanchozh, Kerbychi, Orzmikale, Vauge — were separated from the Gorsky section of the Ingushsky Okrug and attached to the Argunskiy Okrug. [3] [6]
As of 1868 census, the population of Gorsky Uchastok was 5763 (2915 men and 2848 women). [7]
The Bats people or the Batsbi, are Nakh-speaking Tushetians in the country of Georgia. They are also known as the Ts’ova-Tush (წოვათუშები) after the Ts’ova Gorge in the historic Georgian mountain region of Tusheti, where they migrated to from mountainous Ingushetia. The group should not be confused with the neighbouring Kists – also a Nakh-speaking people who live in the nearby Pankisi Gorge.
Yalkharoy is a rural locality in Urus-Martanovsky District of the Republic of Chechnya, Russia.
The Orstkhoy, historically commonly known under their exonyms: Karabulaks, Balsu, Baloy, are a historical ethnoterritorial society among the Chechen and Ingush peoples. Their homeland is in the upper reaches of the Assa and Fortanga rivers in the historical region of Orstkhoy-Mokhk. In the tradition of the Chechen ethno-hierarchy, it is considered one of the nine historical Chechen tukkhums, in the Ingush tradition as one of the seven historical Ingush shahars.
Galashki is a rural locality in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on the left bank of the Sunzha River near the border with the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania. Its population was about 9,000 people in 2009. Galashki forms the municipality of the rural settlement of Galashki as the only settlement in its composition.
Chakh Elmurzievich Akhriev was the first Ingush ethnographer and also a lawyer by education. Chakh dedicated his scholarly work to recording Ingush folklore, mythology, and culture as a whole.
The Fyappins were an Ingush subgroup (society) that mostly inhabited the mountainous region of Ingushetia, Fappi. Historically they bordered on the west with Dzherakh, on the east with Khamkhins, on the north with Nazranians, and lastly in the south with Gudomakarians. The centre of the society was the fortified village (aul) of Erzi or Metskhal.
The Nazran uprising was an uprising by Ingush rebels in 1858 caused by the harsh policies of the Tsarist authorities to forcibly enlarge settlements, but also depriving the Ingush highlanders of the right to carry knives. Being the largest and the last uprising of Ingush in the Caucasian War, it is widely viewed as their last resistance against the expansion of Russian Empire in region, which also marked the full annexation of Ingushetia to Russia.
Galashians, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society, which formed in the middle of 18th century. The name comes from the village of Galashki, which is geographically located in the very center of the society. Galashians were located in the middle and lower reaches of the river Assa and the basin of the river Fortanga.
Ingush societies or shahars were ethnoterritorial associations of the Ingush based on the geographical association of several villages and intended for conditional administrative-territorial delimitation of the Ingush ethnic group. The formation and functioning of most of them dates back to the late Middle Ages. During this period, their boundaries, number and names changed.
The Nazranians were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial subethnic group (society) which inhabited modern day Nazranovsky District and Prigorodny District.
The Dzherakh, also spelled Jerakh, historically also known as Erokhan people, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society, today a tribal organization/clan (teip), that was formed in the Dzheyrakhin gorge, as well as in the area of the lower reaches of the Armkhi River and the upper reaches of the Terek River.
Torshkhoy, also known in Ingush folklore as Them-Thoarshkhoy, is an Ingush clan (teip) which belongs to the Fyappin society. The ancestral auls of Torshkhoy are Tyarsh and Falkhan. A small number of representatives of the teip live in Aukh, where they are known under the name Vyappiy.
Ethnonyms of the Ingush — names of Ingush people, including self-names (endonyms) and names used by other ethnic groups to refer to the Ingush (exonyms) throughout the existence of Ingush people from Middle Ages to the modern day.
Tsori is an ancient city-settlement in Dzheyrakhsky District of Ingushetia, now abandoned village. It is part of the rural settlement of Guli. Tsori is the ancestral settlement of Ingush clan (teip) of Tsoroy and the historical center of Tsorin society.
Tsorins, Tsori, also Ghalghaï, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society that was located in mountainous Ingushetia in the region of river Guloykhi. The center of the society was Tsori from which it got its name. Tsorin society, like the Khamkhin society, was formed from the former "Galgaï society" as a result of the transfer (appearance) of rural government to the village Tsori.
Arshty is a rural locality in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on left bank of the river Arshtynka near the border with the Republic of Chechnya. It forms the municipality of the rural settlement of Arshty as the only settlement in its composition.
Ingush okrug was a district (okrug) of the Terek Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Ingushskiy okrug made up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia.
Khay is a non-residential rural locality in Achkhoy-Martanovsky District of the Republic of Chechnya, Russia.
Meredzhi is a non-residential rural locality in Galanchozhsky District of the Republic of Chechnya, Russia.
Karabulakskiy Uchastok was a territorial-administrative unit (uchastok) of the Ingushskiy Okrug of the Terek Oblast of the Russian Empire. The area of the Gorsky Uchastok made up Sunzhensky District of Ingushetia and Achkhoy-Martanovsky District of Chechnya.
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