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Secularism is the principle of seeking to conduct human affairs based on secular, naturalistic considerations.
Sociology of religion is the study of the beliefs, practices and organizational forms of religion using the tools and methods of the discipline of sociology. This objective investigation may include the use both of quantitative methods and of qualitative approaches.
In sociology, secularization is the transformation of a society from close identification with religious values and institutions toward non-religious values and secular institutions. The secularization thesis expresses the idea that as societies progress, particularly through modernization, rationalization, and advances in science and technology, religious authority diminishes in all aspects of social life and governance. In recent years, the secularization thesis has been challenged due to some global studies indicating that the irreligious population of the world may be in decline as a percentage of the world population due to irreligious countries having subreplacement fertility rates and religious countries having higher birth rates in general. Christian sociologist Peter L. Berger coined the term desecularization to describe this phenomenon. In addition, secularization rates are stalling or reversing in some countries/regions such as the countries in the former Soviet Union or large cities in the Western World with significant amounts of religious immigrants.
Peter Ludwig Berger was an Austrian-born American sociologist and Protestant theologian. Berger became known for his work in the sociology of knowledge, the sociology of religion, study of modernization, and theoretical contributions to sociological theory.
Thomas Luckmann was an American-Austrian sociologist of German and Slovene origin who taught mainly in Germany. Born in Jesenice, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Luckmann studied philosophy and linguistics at the University of Vienna and the University of Innsbruck. He married Benita Petkevic in 1950. His contributions were central to studies in sociology of communication, sociology of knowledge, sociology of religion, and the philosophy of science. His best-known titles are the 1966 book, The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge, The Invisible Religion (1967), and The Structures of the Life-World (1973).
David G. Bromley is a professor of sociology at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA and the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, specialized in sociology of religion and the academic study of new religious movements. He has written extensively about cults, new religious movements, apostasy, and the anti-cult movement.
Paul Lauchlan Faux Heelas is a British sociologist and anthropologist. He is noted for work in the field of spirituality, religion and modernity, with special reference to 'New Age' spiritualities of life. Recent publications and current research explore 'the sacred' and 'the secular'; transgressions of the secular ; 'life force', CAM, and 'spiritual humanism'.
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Postsecularism refers to a range of theories regarding the persistence or resurgence of religious beliefs or practices in the present. The "post-" may refer to after the end of secularism or after the beginning of secularism.
Sociology is a social science that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. It uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about social order and social change. While some sociologists conduct research that may be applied directly to social policy and welfare, others focus primarily on refining the theoretical understanding of social processes and phenomenological method. Subject matter can range from micro-level analyses of society to macro-level analyses.
Linda Jane Pauline Woodhead is a British academic specialising in the religious studies and sociology of religion. She is best known for her work on religious change since the 1980s, and for initiating public debates about faith. She has been described by Matthew Taylor, head of the Royal Society of Arts, as "one of the world's leading experts on religion".
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Bryan Stanley Turner is a British and Australian sociologist. He was born in January 1945 in Birmingham, England. Turner has held university appointments in England, Scotland, Australia, Germany, Holland, Singapore and the United States. He was a Professor of Sociology at the University of Cambridge (1998–2005) and Research Team Leader for the Religion Cluster at the Asian Research Institute, National University of Singapore (2005–2008).
David Alfred Martin, FBA was a British sociologist and Anglican priest who studied and wrote extensively about the sociology of religion.
The historiography of religion is how historians have studied religion in terms of themes, sources and conflicting ideas. Historians typically focus on one particular topic in the overall history of religions in terms of geographical area or of theological tradition.
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In sociology, desecularization is the proliferation or growth of religion, usually after a period of prior secularization. The theory of desecularization is reactionary to the older theory known as The Secularization Thesis, which posits a gradual decline of religion to a point of extinction. In the last few decades, scholars have pointed to continued church attendance in Western countries, the rise in religious fundamentalism, and the prevalence of religious conflict as evidence of the continued relevance of religion in the modern world. A former proponent of the earlier secularization thesis, Peter L. Berger, has now expressed his support for the newer theory, stating that the world today "is as furiously religious as it ever was". The skeptic Michael Shermer wrote: "At the beginning of the twentieth century social scientists predicted that belief in God would decrease by the end of the century because of the secularization of society. In fact… the opposite has occurred… Never in history have so many, and such a high percentage of the population believed in God. Not only is God not dead, as Nietzsche proclaimed, but he has never been more alive."
Jason Ānanda Josephson Storm is an American academic, philosopher, social scientist, and author. He is currently Professor and Chair in the Department of Religion and Chair in Science and Technology Studies at Williams College. He also holds affiliated positions in Asian studies and Comparative Literature at Williams College. Storm's research focuses on Japanese religions, European intellectual history from 1600 to the present, and theory in religious studies. His more recent work has discussed disenchantment and philosophy of social science.
References
- 1 2 "Participating researchers and International Advisors - Uppsala Religion and Society Research Centre (CRS) - Uppsala University, Sweden". www.crs.uu.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 16 March 2018.
- ↑ "Interview: Grace Davie, sociologist of religion". www.churchtimes.co.uk. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
- ↑ Davie, Grace (2014). "Grace R.C. Davie: Curriculum Vitae" (PDF). Waco, Texas: Baylor University. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- 1 2 Robinson, Debbie. "University of Exeter". socialsciences.exeter.ac.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
- ↑ "Professor Grace Davie - Religion, law and the constitution". Religion, law and the constitution. 13 July 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ↑ Robinson, Debbie. "University of Exeter". socialsciences.exeter.ac.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
- ↑ "Presidents of the Association 1938-2016" (PDF). Association for the Sociology of Religion. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
- ↑ "ISA - Past Boards". ISA, International Sociological Association. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
- ↑ Chapman, Mark David; Clarke, Sathianathan; Percy, Martyn (15 October 2015). The Oxford Handbook of Anglican Studies. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199218561.
- ↑ "The Cadbury Lectures 2016 - University of Birmingham". www.birmingham.ac.uk. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
- ↑ British social attitudes : the 26th report. Park, Alison, 1966-. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications. 2010. ISBN 9781446212073. OCLC 649910769.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ↑ The SAGE handbook of the sociology of religion. Beckford, James A., Demerath, N. J. (Nicholas Jay), 1936-, Sage Publications., Sage eReference (Online service). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. 2007. ISBN 9781848607965. OCLC 676908392.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ↑ Aldridge, A (2013). Religion in the contemporary world : a sociological introduction. Oxford: Polity Press. p. 147.
- ↑ British social attitudes : perspectives on a changing society : the 23rd report. Park, Alison., National Centre for Social Research (Great Britain) ([2006/2007 ed.] ed.). London: SAGE. 2007. ISBN 9781849208680. OCLC 297532520.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ↑ BROWN, Callum G. (2004), review of Europe. The exceptional case: Parameters of faith in the modern world by Grace Davie, The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 442-443.
- ↑ BRUCE, Steve and VOAS, David (2010), "Vicarious Religion: An Examination and Critique", Journal of Contemporary Religion, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 243–259.
