Grevillea banyabba | |
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In Illawarra Grevillea Park | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Proteales |
Family: | Proteaceae |
Genus: | Grevillea |
Species: | G. banyabba |
Binomial name | |
Grevillea banyabba | |
Grevillea banyabba, commonly known as Banyabba grevillea, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to north-eastern New South Wales. It is an open shrub with simple, narrowly egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and red and green flowers.
Grevillea banyabba is an open shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.8–1.5 m (2 ft 7 in – 4 ft 11 in), its branchlets covered with long, fine hairs. It has simple, narrowly egg-shaped leaves, 25–38 mm (0.98–1.50 in) long and 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) wide with the edges slightly turned down and silky hair on the lower surface. The flowers are arranged in groups near the ends of branches or in leaf axils, each group with six to fourteen flowers on a rachis 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) long, and are red with a green base. The pistil is 25–27 mm (0.98–1.06 in) long and covered with long, fine hairs. Flowering mostly occurs from August to October and the fruit is a follicle with a few long, soft hairs, and that splits down one side to release flat, winged seeds. [2] [4] [5] [6] [7]
This species is distinguishable from the similar Mason's grevillea (G. masonii) by its longer leaves, smaller flowers and less oblique fruit and Four-tailed Grevillea (G. quadricauda) by its longer leaves and erect style present on the fruit. [8]
Grevillea banyabba was first formally described in 1994 by Peter M. Olde and Neil R. Marriott in the journal Telopea , based on plant material near Grafton in 1992. [7] [9] The specific epithet (banyabba) refers to the Banyabba Nature Reserve, to which this species is mostly confined. [7]
Banyabba grevillea occurs in sandy soil on or near the tip of ridges in forest in the Banyabba Nature Reserve, the Fortis Creek National Park and the Wombat Creek State Conservation Area, north-west of Grafton in north-western New South Wales. It often grows in association with bastard white mahogany ( Eucalyptus psammitica), Needlebark Stringybark ( Eucalyptus psammitica ), sandstone rough-barked apple (Angophora robur) and pink bloodwood ( Corymbia intermedia). [2] [6] [1]
This grevillea is listed as vulnerable under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 and the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [1] [2] [6]
The current population size of mature individuals is unclear, and further survey work is required to accurately determine it. In 1999, a population of approximately 14,000 individuals within 38 subpopulations were known from the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service, with 90% of these occurring in a single subpopulation. 20 years later in 2019, it was estimated to be between 800-2000 mature individuals based on limited field observations, however another population estimate came to approximately 5000. Further unpublished data from the DPIE in 2019-2021 suggests an estimate population of 650 in Banyabba Nature Reserve and 640 in Fortis Creek National Park. [1] [6]
The main threats to this species include an increased frequency in fire regimes, increased drought, competition with invasive species, dieback disease caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi and habitat loss due to land clearing, road maintenance and timber harvesting. [1] [6]
Grevillea victoriae, also known as royal grevillea or mountain grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to mountainous regions of south-eastern continental Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with elliptic to lance-shaped leaves, and pendulous clusters of red to orange flowers.
Grevillea baueri, commonly known as Bauer's grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the coastal ranges of south-eastern New South Wales. It is a low, spreading to erect shrub with mostly oblong to egg-shaped leaves with red to pink and cream-coloured or yellow flowers.
Grevillea caleyi, also known as Caley's grevillea, is a critically endangered species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area around the Terrey Hills and Belrose area in New South Wales. It is an open, spreading shrub, growing up to 4 m (13 ft) tall with deeply divided leaves with linear lobes, and fawn flowers with a maroon to red style.
Grevillea rhyolitica, commonly known as Deua grevillea or Deua flame, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It is a more or less erect shrub with elliptic leaves and hairy red flowers.
Grevillea corrugata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is a dense shrub with deeply divided leaves usually with three to five sharply-pointed, linear lobes, and white to cream-coloured flowers.
Grevillea guthrieana, commonly known as Guthrie's grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a spreading shrub with oblong leaves and clusters of 2–6 green and maroon flowers.
Grevillea agrifolia, the blue grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is native to the north of Western Australia and parts of the Northern Territory. It is a shrub or tree with narrowly oblong leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and creamy-yellow flowers.
Grevillea laurifolia, commonly known as laurel-leaf grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a prostrate, trailing shrub with egg-shaped, heart-shaped or round leaves, and clusters of reddish to deep maroon flowers.
Grevillea mollis, commonly known as soft grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of north-eastern New South Wales. It is an open, spreading shrub with oblong to elliptic leaves and loose clusters of bright scarlet red flowers.
Grevillea oxyantha is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with somewhat silky-hairy branchlets, broadly elliptic to broadly egg-shaped or almost round leaves, and hairy, crimson and pink flowers with a red style.
Grevillea cyranostigma, commonly known as Carnarvon grevillea or green grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Carnarvon Range and adjacent areas of central Queensland. It is a spreading shrub with woolly-hairy to silky-hairy branchlets, narrowly oblong leaves, and pale green flowers.
Grevillea evansiana, commonly known as Evans grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales. It is a low, dense, spreading shrub with elliptic leaves and usually blackish-red flowers with a burgundy-coloured style.
Grevillea wilkinsonii, commonly known as Tumut grevillea, is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the south-east of New South Wales. It is an erect, spreading shrub with narrowly oblong to oblong leaves with well-spaced teeth on the edges, and clusters of brownish-pink to purple flowers with a lilac-pink style with a pale yellow tip.
Grevillea glabrescens is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Northern Territory. It is an open, erect shrub with oblong leaves that have triangular teeth or lobes on the edges, and clusters of white to cream-coloured or very pale yellow flowers.
Grevillea rhizomatosa, commonly known as Gibraltar grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of north-eastern New South Wales. It is a spreading, bushy shrub with egg-shaped to almost round leaves and small clusters of green and pinkish-red flowers.
Grevillea raybrownii is a flowering shrub in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It has divided, pointed leaves and dense clusters of flowers usually at the end of branches.
Grevillea quadricauda, commonly known as four-tailed grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect, dense, bushy shrub with narrowly egg-shaped to elliptic leaves and small, loose clusters of green and pinkish-red flowers.
Grevillea masonii, commonly known as Mason's grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales. It is a low-growing shrub with egg-shaped to elliptic leaves, and red and green flowers with a green style.
Grevillea granulifera is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It is a shrub with narrowly elliptic leaves and clusters of pinkish-red and creamy-white flowers.
Grevillea calliantha, commonly known as Foote's grevillea, Cataby grevillea or black magic grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading, compact shrub with pinnatipartite leaves with linear lobes, and pale yellow to apricot-coloured flowers with a maroon-black to reddish style.