Grigori Maslakov

Last updated
Grigory Savelievich Maslakov
Native name
Григо́рий Саве́льевич Маслако́в
Nickname(s)Maslak
Born1877 (1877)
Stavropol Krai, Flag of Russia.svg  Russia
Died1921(1921-00-00) (aged 43–44)
AllegianceFlag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.svg  RSFSR (1918-1920)
Makhnovskoe znamia.svg Makhnovshchina (1921)
Service/branch Soviet Red Army Hammer and Plough.svg Red Army (1918-1920)
Death to oppressors of workers.svg Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (1921)
Years of service1918-1921
Commands held 14th Maikop Cavalry Division [1]
4th Petrograd Cavalry Division [1]
Battles/wars Russian Civil War

Grigory Savelievich Maslakov, "Maslak" (1877-1921) was a Russian military leader during the Russian Civil War.

Contents

Biography

Grigori Maslakov was born in 1877 to a poor family in the Stavropol Territory. Until the revolution, he lived in the Salsky District of the Don Cossack Region, whose territory is now part of Russia and Ukraine. Before World War I, he served as a patrolman for the horse breeder Korolkov, after he entered the service in the equestrian artillery, where he rose to the rank of sergeant.

On the side of the reds

In February 1918, Maslakov created a Red partisan detachment in the Salsky District, at the head of which he fought against the Don Army atamans P.Kh. Popov and P.N. Krasnova. In May of the same year, Maslakov's partisans joined Boris Dumenko's detachment. [2] In the brigade formed, the former sergeant became the squadron commander, then commanded the 1st cavalry regiment. In March 1919, Maslakov, along with division chief Dumenko and brigade commander Budyonny, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for military merits. [3] All in all, Maslakov had two Orders of the Red Banner. [4] Commanding the regiment, he won the sympathy of the Red Army men of the entire brigade. In June 1919, Maslakov was appointed commander of the 1st separate brigade of the 4th cavalry division for his skillful leadership of the regiment and for his "displayed energy in military affairs". [5]

Maslakov also commanded 1 cavalry corps for a short time. In addition, Grigory Maslakov, with the participation of Boris Dumenko, became one of the founders of the 1st Cavalry Army. In early 1920, Grigory Maslakov assumed command of the 14th Maikop Cavalry Division and in the same year became a member of the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik).

In November 1920, Maslakov took command of the 4th Petrograd Cavalry Division, but in December he was demoted to a brigade commander in the same division.

As part of the 4th division, Grigory Maslakov's brigade participated in the suppression of the rebels under the command of Nestor Makhno in the Yekaterinoslav Governorate.

Against the reds

For his refusal to carry out punitive actions against the rebels in early February 1921, a counter-revolution case was initiated against Maslakov with the aim of bringing him to trial by a revolutionary tribunal. To avoid punishment, Maslakov called on his brigade and the local population to oppose the Bolsheviks and support the rebels. On February 8, Maslakov managed to leave with part of the brigade to the Don, where he joined the Revolutionary Insurgent Army. [6]

The rebels smashed the revolutionary committees. During this time, the number of Maslakov's brigade increased to 5 thousand people at the expense of the Don Cossacks and Sizov's detachment. On February 11, 1921, Maslakov was outlawed, since “on the basis of drunkenness and demagoguery,” he dragged a significant part of the soldiers of the 19th cavalry regiment into mutiny and “betrayed the cause of the revolution,” as the order said.

On March 10, 1921, Maslakov and Brova with their detachments, with the consent of Nestor Makhno, moved to the North Caucasus, receiving the name "Caucasian Insurgent Army of the Makhnovists". Hoping to convince the villagers from the 1st Cavalry Army under the command of Budyonny and the 2nd Cavalry Army under the command of Mironov to go over to the side of the rebels, Maslakov returned to the Stavropol Territory. In March, Maslakov fought his way to the northeast towards Tsaritsyn and Astrakhan.

The size of Maslakov's army fluctuated over the next 6 months from 1 to 4 thousand fighters and fought in Kalmykia. The first battles Maslakov's army fought in the Maloderbet ulus in March 1921 and in early April occupied Yashkul, Chilgir, Ulan Erge and Burgun-Sala, and on April 29, Maslakov's army occupied the city of Elista. Already in 1921, Maslakov's army was completely defeated by the Red Army. Maslakov and his comrade-in-arms Brova were killed by the amnestied members of the detachment.

Image in literature

Grigori Maslakov appears under the nickname Maslak in the story "Afonka Bida" in the cycle of stories "Cavalry" (1923) by the Soviet writer Isaac Babel.

Image in cinema

The brigade commander Maslakov appears in the 12th (final) episode of the series "Nine Lives of Nestor Makhno" (2007, director - Nikolai Kaptan).

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nykyfor Hryhoriv</span> Ukrainian military leader (1884–1919)

Nykyfor Oleksandrovych Hryhoriv was a Ukrainian military leader noted for repeatedly switching sides during the Ukrainian War of Independence and Soviet-Ukrainian war.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Cavalry Army</span>

The 1st Cavalry Army was a prominent Red Army military formation. It was also known as "Budyonny's Cavalry Army" or simply as Konarmia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fedir Shchus</span> Ukrainian anarchist and military commander (1893–1921)

Fedir Shchus, also Fyodor Shuss or Feodosiy Shchus, was a commander (ataman) in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine of Nestor Makhno.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Semen Karetnyk</span> Ukrainian revolutionary (1893–1920)

Semen Mykytovych Karetnyk was a Ukrainian anarchist and a commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU). He often replaced Nestor Makhno as supreme commander of the Insurgent Army in 1920. Karetnyk gained a reputation for his central role in defeating the White Army in Crimea in November 1920.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine</span> Anarchist army of Ukrainian peasants and workers (1918–21)

The Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, also known as Makhnovtsi, named after their leader Nestor Makhno, was an anarchist army formed largely of Ukrainian peasants and workers during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. They protected the operation of "free soviets" and libertarian communes by the Makhnovshchina, an attempt to form a stateless anarcho-communist society from 1918 to 1921 during the Ukrainian War of Independence.

The Battle of Perehonivka or Battle of Peregonovka was a September 1919 military conflict in which the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine defeated the Volunteer Army. After retreating west across Ukraine for four months and 600 kilometers, the Insurgent Army turned east and surprised the Volunteer Army. The Insurgent Army reclaimed its capital of Huliaipole within ten days.

The Katerynoslav March was a campaign to transfer the 8th Corps of the Armed Forces of the Ukrainian State from Katerynoslav to Crimea, in order to join the Volunteer Army of Anton Denikin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Donetsk Corps</span> Military unit

The 1st Donetsk Corps was a military formation of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, it was created on 1 September 1919 and existed until 1920.

The 7th Ukrainian Soviet Division was a military unit of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War in the armed forces of the Ukrainian SSR.

Oleksandr Kalashnykov was a Ukrainian anarchist and a commander of the 1st Donetsk Corps of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.

Mikhail Uralov was a Russian anarchist, the head of the "Black Guard" combat units of the Moscow Federation of Anarchists ,and a commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.

Hryhorii Ivanovych Makhno was a Ukrainian rebel commander and brother of Nestor Makhno.

Vasyl Mikhailovych Sharovsky was a member of the Central Council of Ukraine, an anarcho-communist and an artillery commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foma Kozhyn</span> Ukrainian revolutionary (died 1921)

Foma Kozhyn was a Ukrainian revolutionary and the commander of the machine-gun regiment of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hryhory Vasylivsky</span> Ukrainian revolutionary (d. 1921)

Hryhory Vasylivsky was a commander in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, often serving as Nestor Makhno's aide-de-camp and as the army's chief of staff.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vasyl Kurylenko</span> Ukrainian revolutionary

Vasyl Kurylenko was a commander in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Starobilsk agreement</span> 1920 Russian Civil War treaty

The Starobilsk agreement was a 1920 political and military alliance between the Makhnovshchina, an anarchist mass movement led by Nestor Makhno's Insurgent Army, and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which the Bolsheviks had established as the legitimate government of Ukraine.

The Bolshevik–Makhnovist conflict was a period of political and military conflict between the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Makhnovshchina, for control over southern Ukraine. The Bolsheviks aimed to eliminate the Makhnovshchina and neutralise its peasant base. In turn, the Makhnovists fought against the implementation of the Red Terror and the policy of war communism.

Mykhailo Brova was a Ukrainian anarchist military commander and member of the Makhnovist movement. He was a delegate to the Regional Congresses and member of each convocation of the Military Revolutionary Council.

Luka Nykyforovych Bondarets was the cavalry commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU).

References

  1. 1 2 "Кавалерия гражданской войны. Командный состав кавалерийских соединений и объединений" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 24 July 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  2. ↑ Dedov, I.I. (1989). В сабельных походах. (Создание красной кавалерии на Дону и ее роль в разгроме контрреволюции на Юге России в 1918 – 1920 гг.) (in Russian). Ростов н/Д. p. 27. ISBN   9785750702510. OCLC   22242231.
  3. ↑ Bespalova, A.G. (1968). Наш край. Из истории советского Дона; документы, октябрь 1917-1965. Ростов н/Д. pp. 74–75. OCLC   38771072.
  4. ↑ Danilov, Victor Petrovich (2006). Нестор Махно: Крестьянское движение на Украине, 1918 – 1921… (in Russian). ROSSPEN. p. 905. ISBN   9785824307696. OCLC   741204339.
  5. ↑ РГАСПИ. Ф. 74. Оп. 1. Д. 385. Л. 13об.
  6. ↑ Grishchenko, Alexey Nikolaevich (2013). Григорий Маслаков: от конармейского комбрига до повстанческого командира. Новый Исторический Вестник. pp. 125–138. ISSN   2072-9286.

Further reading

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.