Guang people

Last updated

Guan
Total population
~1,000,000
Regions with significant populations
Ghana~1,000,000 [1]
Languages
Guan, French
Religion
Related ethnic groups

The Guan or Guang people are an ethnic group found almost in all parts of Ghana, including the Akyode people who speak Gikyode, Krachi people Nkonya tribe, the Gonja, Anum, Larteh, Akposo, Etsii in the Central Region, Nawuri, Nyagbo and Ntsumburu. The Guan are believed to have been the first settlers in modern day southern Ghana, migrating from the Mossi-Dagbon region of modern Ghana [2] and Burkina around 1000 A.D. [3] The Gonja of the Guan are however late settlers in northern Ghana, invading eastern Dagbon in the 1600s, capturing Daboya and many towns. [4] [5] [6] [7]

They primarily speak the Guan languages of the Niger-Congo language family. [8] They make up 3.7% of the population of Ghana. [9]

However, some of the Guan languages have been influenced by major languages especially the Anii-Basila in Ghana, depending also on the location of a particular Guan tribe.Guans can be found in the Eastern region which includes Anum, Makɔ who once spoke Anii, Boso, Larteh, Okere, and Kyerepong. Guan in the Oti Region includes Akyode, Krachi, Buem, Nkonya, Likpe, Santrokofi, Akpafu,etc. Guan in the Volta Region includes Avatime, Logba, Nyagbo, Tafi etc. In the central region are the Efutu, Awutu-Senya,Bawjiase as well as the Etsii groups who now form an arm of the modern Fante Confederacy. The Gonja people are in the north and part of Brong Ahafo, Bono and Ahafo. The Nawuri people live in parts of the North and parts of the Oti Region, mostly at the eastern end of the Salaga district, on the west bank of the Volta Lake/Oti River, some 70 kilometers north of Kete Krachi.

As Guan were the first settlers in Ghana, some were assimilated into the cultures of the major ethnic groups in the various regions of today. Thus, some indigenes of Kpeshie in Greater Accra and Nzema, Sefwi, Ahanta, etc. in the Western and Western Noth region may also trace their roots to Guan people. The indigenes of most of the Fantes in the central region including Asebu, Edina (Elmina), Ogua (Cape Coast), Aguafo,Assi ,etc. as well as Agona can also trace their origins from Guan.These Guan groups are mostly referred to as "Etsii". At present it is accepted that the Guan people can be found in twelve (12) regions in Ghana: Oti, Northern, North East, Savannah, Bono, Ahafo, Central, Western North, Western, Eastern, Volta, and Brong Ahafo Regions. They are very tolerant and live as commoners in their various environments. They speak the languages of the major ethnic group where they are found natively, speaking their distinct languages at home.[ citation needed ]

Origins

The Guans originated from the savanna regions of Ghana and Burkina Faso. [10] [2] [11] These regions are inhabited by the Mossi-Dagbon people. [12] [13]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Regions of Ghana</span>

The regions of Ghana are the first level of subnational government administration within the Republic of Ghana. As of 2020, there are 16 regions, which are further divided for administrative purposes into 260 local metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dagomba people</span> Ethnic group in Ghana

The Dagbamba or Dagomba are an ethnic group of Ghana, and Togo. They number more than 3.1 million people. The term Dagbamba is originally extended to refer to other related peoples who were unified by Naa Gbewaa including the Mamprusi and Nanumba. The Dagomba country is called Dagbon and they speak Dagbanli language. Dagbanli is the most spoken language of northern Ghana and second most widely spoken local language of Ghana. Dagbanli belongs to the Mabia (Mole-Dagbani) subgroup of the Gur languages, a large group of related languages in West Africa. The Dagomba practises both patrilineal and matrilineal systems of inheritance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fante people</span> Ethnic group in Ghana

The modern Mfantsefo or Fante confederacy is a combination of Akan people and aboriginal Guan people. The Fante people are mainly located in the Central and Western regions of Ghana, occupying the forest and coastal areas. Their land stretches from the eastern part of western region in the west to Gomoa in the east. The Fante can be broadly categorized into two groups - the Borbor Fante and the Etsii Fante who are also aboriginal Guan people. Over the last half century, Fante communities have been established as far as Gambia, Liberia, and even Angola due to fishing expeditions. Major Fante cities in modern Ghana include Oguaa, Edina (Elmina), Agona Swedru, Mankessim, Saltpond, Komenda and Anomabo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brong-Ahafo region</span> Region in Ghana

The Brong-Ahafo region was a region in central Ghana. Brong-Ahafo was bordered to the north by the Black Volta river and to the east by the Lake Volta, and to the south by the Ashanti, Eastern and Western regions. The capital of Brong-Ahafo is Sunyani. Brong-Ahafo was created on 14 April 1959 from the then Western Ashanti and named after the main ethnic groups, the Brong and Ahafo. In 2019, as a result of the 2018 Ghanaian new regions referendum, the region was divided into three, namely Bono, Bono East and Ahafo regions, and ceased to exist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volta Region</span> Region of Ghana

Volta Region is one of Ghana's sixteen administrative regions, with Ho designated as its capital. It is located west of Republic of Togo and to the east of Lake Volta. Divided into 25 administrative districts, the region is multi-ethnic and multilingual, including groups such as the Ewe, the Guan, and the Akan peoples. The Guan peoples include the Lolobi, Likpe, Akpafu, Akyode, Buem, Nyagbo, Avatime, and Nkonya. This region was carved out of the Volta Region in December 2018 by the New Patriotic Party. The people of the Volta Region are popularly known as Voltarians. This group includes the Ewes, Guans and other minor tribes living in the Volta Region. The people of the Volta Region are popular known for their rich cultural display and music some of which include Agbadza, Borborbor and Zigi.

Gonja are an ethnic group that live in Ghana. The Gonja established a kingdom in northern Ghana of the same name, which was founded in 1675 by Sumaila Ndewura Jakpa.

The Gonja language, properly called Ngbanya or Ngbanyito, is a North Guang language spoken by an estimated 230,000 people, almost all of whom are of the Gonja ethnic group of northern Ghana. Related to Guang languages in the south of Ghana, it is spoken by about a third of the population in the northern region. The Brong-Ahafo and Volta regions lie to the south of the Gonja-speaking area, while Dagombas, Mamprussis and Walas are to the north. Its dialects are Gonja and Choruba.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Languages of Ghana</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Krachi West (Ghana parliament constituency)</span> Ghana parliament constituency

Krachi West is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Krachi West is located in the Krachi district of the Oti Region of Ghana.

The Guan-speaking Gikyode. Akyode people live in the northern Volta basin in the Oti Region of Ghana, Africa. They are considered as the indigenous people of the Nkwanta South District. These people migrated into the Volta valley from the Mossi region of Burkina Faso around 1000 AD. The Akyode language is called Gikyode.

The Guan languages are languages of the Kwa language family spoken by the Guan people in Ghana and Togo:

Gua is a Guang language spoken in many parts of Ghana including the Gonja, in the northern Savannah Region, the Nchumurus in the Northern, Oti and Bono East Regions, the people of Larteh, Okere, Anum and Boso, the people of Winneba, Senya Beraku, Buem, Achode, Nkonya, Krachi, Santrokofi, Adele and Wuripong all in the Oti Region.

Nawuri is a Guang language of Ghana. It is nearly intelligible with Kyode.

The Chumburu are part of the Guan ethnic group in Ghana and are located in three regions:Northern, Volta and Brong-Ahafo region of Ghana. They are indigenous in three Regions of Ghana:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mole-Dagbon people</span> Ethnic group in West Africa

The Mole-Dagbon, also called Mabia, or Mossi-Dagbon are a meta-ethnicity and western Oti–Volta ethno-linguistic group residing in six present-day West Africa countries namely: Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Mali and Togo. They number more than 45 million. The Mole/Mossi/Moore people are located primarily in Burkina Faso while over lord Dagbon is in Ghana. Previously, the term Gur was used, Mabia has been used to refer to the linguistic supercluster.

Dawu is a town in the Okere District Eastern Region of Ghana. It shares border with Abiriw and Awukugua

Awukugua is a town in the Okere District Assembly in the Eastern Region of Ghana. It shares border with Abiriw and Dawu.'

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  2. 1 2 "A BRIEF HISTORY OF LARTEH GUANS".
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  4. "Kingdom of Gonja | historical kingdom, Africa | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2024-02-22.
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  6. "African Resistance to Colonial Conquest: The Case of Konkomba Resistance to German Occupation of Northern Togoland, 1896-1901" (PDF).
  7. "Different Ideas of Borders and Border Construction in Northern Ghana: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives".
  8. "Guan". Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  9. "Africa :: Ghana — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2020-08-16.
  10. "Ghana Ethnic Groups: Guan". www.ghanaweb.com. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
  11. "Ghana - Guan People". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
  12. Malik (2021-09-04). "The History Of Mole Dagbon State • Dagbon Kingdom: Your Gateway to the Best of Culture, History & Tourism" . Retrieved 2024-04-03.
  13. Niang, Amy (2012). "Aspects of Mossi History: A Bibliography". Electronic Journal of Africana Bibliography. 13. doi: 10.17077/1092-9576.1014 . ISSN   1092-9576.