History | |
---|---|
Great Britain | |
Name | Autumn |
Builder | Ann Brodick, Shields [1] |
Launched | 1800 |
Fate | Sold 1801 |
United Kingdom | |
Name | HMS Autumn |
Acquired | 28 February 1801 by purchase |
Renamed | HMS Strombolo in 1811 |
Fate | Sold 1815 |
United Kingdom | |
Name | Autumn |
Acquired | 1815 by purchase |
Fate | Wrecked 1817 |
General characteristics [2] | |
Tons burthen | 329, [3] or 335, [4] or 33519⁄94 (bm) |
Length |
|
Beam | 28 ft 4 in (8.6 m) |
Propulsion | Sail |
Sail plan | sloop |
Complement |
|
Armament |
|
HMS Autumn was launched at Shields in 1800 as a merchantman. The Royal Navy purchased her in 1801. The Navy sold her in 1815 and she returned to mercantile service. She was lost in 1818.
Autumn first appeared in the Register of Shipping (RS) with Stocker, master, Brodrick, owner, and voyage Newcastle to London. [4] Perry & Co. sold her to the navy on 28 February 1801. [2]
Commander William Richardson commissioned Autumn in February 1801 for the Downs. [2]
On 5 January 1803 HMS Abundance sailed for the Mediterranean but grounded the next day on Sconce Point, near The Needles, Isle of Wight. Morgiana and Autumn sailed to her assistance. By the 11th Abundance had gotten off with little damage and she then sailed for Gibraltar. [6] [7]
Autumn was recommissioned by Commander Samuel Jackson on 10 May 1803. He sailed for the French coast on 31 July.
On 27 September Jackson took a small squadron at Rear Admiral Montagu's behest and bombarded the French gun boats at Calais. The objective of the engagement was to prevent the French at Calais from linking up with the French flotilla at Boulogne. The commencement of a gale forced the British to withdraw. [8] With the British squadron having withdrawn, Over the next two days the French succeeded in getting over 50 boats from Calais to Boulogne.
Early in 1804, a division of the French flotilla was discovered to be sailing along the French coast to Boulogne protected by shore batteries. The British vessels in the area attacked and were able to drive several vessels onto the beach. However, most succeeded in reaching Boulogne. Autumn lost one man killed and six wounded in the operation. [9]
In the evening of 20 July there were more than 80 French brigs and luggers in the roads of Boulogne. As the weather worsened, a number of the vessels set sail. Captain Owen of Immortalite signaled to Harpy, Bloodhound, and Archer to close with the French vessels. Autumn also joined the operation. Although most of the French vessels escaped, the British were able to drive a handful on shore. [10]
Autumn also participated in an attack on the Boulogne flotilla on 2 October 1804 using explosive catamarans. He was ordered to lay alongside French Admiral Bruix. As he approached the Admiral's praam the string to operate the clock slipped out of his hand. He broke open the hatch on the catamaran, retrieved the string and stepped into his gig as he pulled it. Twenty-five seconds later the vessel exploded but the explosion did no damage except remove the praam's bowsprit. When Jackson returned to the Downs he was invited to dine with Prime Minister William Pitt, Lord Harrowby, and Lord Melville. Melville promised to promote Jackson, but Melville left office before he could make good on his promise. [9] (Jackson received promotion to post-captain in 1807, after he had left Autumn.)
Commander Thomas Searle assumed command Autumn in October 1804. [2]
Autumn shared with the gun-brigs HMS Biter, Manly, and Pincher, in the salvage money for George which they retook in February 1805. It was believed that George had been sailing from Bristol to London when a French privateer had captured her and taken her into Boulogne, where her cargo was landed. Autumn and the brigs recaptured George as she was on her way to Calais and they sent her into Dover. [11]
In October 1805, Autumn was at Portsmouth where she underwent fitting as a receiving ship. In October 1809 Commander Corbet James d'Auvergne recommissioned her. [2]
Between December 1810 and May 1811, Autumn was refitted at Portsmouth as a bomb vessel. On 15 February 1811 she was renamed Strombolo. Commander Samuel Grove recommissioned her in March. On 11 December he sailed her for the Mediterranean. [2]
During 1812 she came under the command of Commander Thomas Hichens, Commander John Stoddard on 3 July, then Grove again, and Commander John Smith in August.
By June 1813 Commander John Stoddart had again assumed command of Strombolo.
Between 3 and 7 June 1813, Strombolo, Captain Stoddard, participated in an Army-Navy operation that captured Fort St Philippe in the Coll de Balanguer that controlled the pass on the road between Tortosa to Tarragona. The naval force consisted of HMS Invincible, Thames, Brune, Strombolo, and Volcano, and eight gunboats. Lieutenant James, RMA, landed two 8" mortars from Strombolo and commenced to fire on the fort while guns from squadron were being landed to establish a breaching battery. After the mortar shells blew up the fort's magazine, the garrison surrendered though the battery had not yet commenced fire. Captain Stoddard and Captain Zehnpfennig entered the fort and brought back the surrender offer. Strombolo suffered no casualties in the engagement. [12]
At some point Commander Samuel Grove resumed command. Commander Stoddard again commanded Strombolo in 1814. [2]
The "Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy" offered "Strombolo bomb, of 320 tons", "lying at Woolwich", for sale on 9 February 1815. [13] She sold on that day for £1,680. [2]
Her new owners returned Strombolo to her original name of Autumn. She appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1815 at London with Batchelor, master, and Rattenbury, owner. [14] The next year Lloyd's Register showed her trade as London–Petersburg. [15]
Around 9 September 1815 Autumn, Batchelor, master, put into Revel leaky. She had been traveling from Petersburg to London. It was expected that she would be obliged to discharge her cargo. [16]
Lloyd's Register for 1818 showed Autumn with Bachelor, master, Ratenbury, owner, and trade London–Quebec. [3]
In February 1818 Lloyd's List reported that Autumn, Batchelor, master, had sailed from Quebec for Dundee on 28 August and had not since been heard of. [17] In April Lloyd's List reported that Autumn had been lost, with all her cargo, on the coast of Iceland on 29 October 1817. [18] All 20 crew members were lost. [19]
HMS Aetna was the mercantile Success launched in 1803 at Littlehampton. The Admiralty purchased her in 1803 for conversion into a Royal Navy bomb vessel. Aetna participated in the second Battle of Copenhagen in 1807 and the Battle of the Basque Roads in 1809. Later, she participated in the attack on Fort McHenry in the Battle of Baltimore and the bombardment of Fort Washington, Maryland in 1814, during the War of 1812. The Navy sold her in 1816 and she returned to mercantile service under her original name. She sailed to Calcutta, to Rio de Janeiro, and more locally until she was wrecked in 1823.
HMS Devastation was an 8-gun British Royal Navy bomb vessel launched in 1803 at South Shields as the mercantile Intrepid. The Navy purchased her in 1804. She served in the English Channel, the Baltic, off the coast of Spain, and in the United States during the Napoleonic Wars and War of 1812, most notably at the bombardment of Fort McHenry in the Battle of Baltimore in September 1814. The Navy sold her in 1816.
HMS Meteor was a bomb vessel of the Royal Navy. She was previously the West Indiaman Sarah Ann, launched at Newcastle upon Tyne in 1800 that the Admiralty purchased in October 1803. She conducted bombardments at Havre de Grâce, the Dardanelles, and Rosas Bay, on the Spanish coast. She was sold in 1811. she then returned to mercantile service under her original name, Sarah Ann. She continued to trade, primarily across the North Atlantic. She was last listed in 1863 with stale data.
HMS Eurydice was a 24-gun Porcupine-class post ship of the Royal Navy built in 1781 and broken up in 1834. During her long career she saw service in the American War of Independence, the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. She captured a number of enemy privateers and served in the East and West Indies, the Mediterranean and British and American waters.
HMS Musquito. was a Royal Navy Cruizer-class brig-sloop built by John Preston at Great Yarmouth and launched in 1804. She was commissioned in October 1804 under Commander Samuel Jackson. She served in the North Sea and the Baltic, and Jackson supervised the first successful rocket attack in Europe at Boulogne in 1806. After the war she served off Africa and captured some slavers. She was broken up in 1822, having been laid up since 1818.
Diadem was a sloop launched in 1798. The Admiralty renamed her HMS Falcon after purchasing her in 1801 to avoid confusion with the pre-existing third rate Diadem. Falcon served in the north Atlantic and the Channel, and then in Danish waters during the Gunboat War. She was sold in 1816. Her new owner renamed her Duke of Wellington and sailed her to the Indies under a license from the British East India Company. She was wrecked in 1820 at Batavia.
Atlas was built in Souths Shields by Temple and launched in 1801 for Temple. She made two voyages transporting convicts from Ireland or England to Port Jackson. On the first voyage she carried cargo for the British East India Company (EIC). On the second she sailed to Bengal after delivering her convicts to New South Wales and was wrecked off India in 1820 while on her way back to Britain.
Brave, launched at Le Havre in 1793, was the name vessel of a two-vessel class of brig-rigged canonnières, i.e., gun-brigs. The French Navy renamed her Arrogante in May 1795. The Royal Navy captured her on 23 or 24 April 1798. The British Royal Navy took her into service as HMS Arrogante, but renamed her HMS Insolent some four months later. She was sold in June 1818.
HMS Kangaroo was an 18-gun sloop of the Royal Navy launched in 1805. The Navy sold her in 1815 and she became the whaler Countess of Morley. After three whaling voyages she became a merchantman. She may have been condemned c.1827; she was last listed in 1833.
HMS Curlew was the mercantile sloop Leander, launched at South Shields in 1800. The Royal Navy purchased her in 1803 and named her Curlew as there was already a HMS Leander in service, and the Curlew name was available. Curlew was a sloop of 16 guns. The Navy sold her in 1810 and she returned to mercantile service as Leander. On her first voyage to the West Indies a French privateer captured her in a single-ship action; she was lost shortly thereafter.
Rolla was a French brig launched in 1801 or 1803, that came into British hands in 1804. She became a privateer and then a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people, but before she was able to embark any captives the French Navy captured her. The British Royal Navy recaptured her and took her into service as HMS Rolla. She served in Sir Home Riggs Popham's attack on Buenos Aires. She returned to Britain in December 1807 and was laid up. The Admiralty sold her in 1810 and she became a merchant vessel. She was last listed in 1826, and may have been lost on the coast of Brazil in 1825.
Lord Eldon was launched at Sunderland in 1801. She was initially a London-based transport, but new owners contracted with the Admiralty. From certainly 1804 through approximately 1811 she served the British Royal Navy as a hired armed ship. During this period Spanish vessels captured her, but the Royal Navy recaptured her. Between 1812 and 1813 she underwent lengthening. In 1814 she returned to serving as a transport. She was driven ashore and damaged in 1817; she was no longer listed in 1819.
HMS Inspector was launched in 1801 at Mistley as the mercantile Amity. The Royal Navy purchased her in 1803 and named her HMS Inspector. The Navy laid her up in 1808 before selling her in 1810. She then returned to mercantile service. Between 1818 and 1825 she made four voyages as a whaler in the British southern whale fishery. She returned to mercantile service and was last listed in 1833 as being at Falmouth.
HMS Starling was launched in 1801. She grounded in December 1804 and burnt to avoid her falling into enemy hands.
HMS Vulture was launched in 1801 at South Shields as Warrior. The Royal Navy purchased her in 1803 as a sloop and renamed her. From 1808 through 1813 she was a floating battery at Jersey,. The Navy sold her in 1814 and she returned to mercantile service as Warrior. She was last listed in 1820, but does not seem to have sailed again after returning from east of the Cape in 1817.
HMS Albacore was launched in 1804 in Bristol. She participated in two notable actions. The British Royal Navy sold her in 1815 and she became a merchantman, sailing out of Guernsey. She was lost on 12 October 1821 while sailing from Buenos Aires to Barbados.
General Augereau was a ketch launched in 1801 and recommissioned in Bayonne in 1803 as a privateer. She made a small number of captures during her first cruise, but then the British Royal Navy captured her in February 1805 during her second cruise. She became a British merchantman, sailing between Cork and Liverpool, and was last listed in 1813.
Mon Oncle Thomas was a three-masted privateer from La Rochelle. She was possibly the former Spanish Rosa, of 300 to 350 tonnes, captured in 1793. From at least 1799 on she made four cruises as a privateer. She participated in the short-lived recapture of the island of Gorée from the British. She made several highly profitable captures and engaged in at least one successful single-ship action. The British Royal Navy captured her in late 1804.
HMS Conflict was launched in 1801 at Deptford. She grounded in October 1804, with the French Navy taking possession of her. In the French navy from late 1815 on she was named Lynx. As Lynx she was present at naval actions at Cadiz (1823), where she came under fire, Algiers (1830), and possibly the river Tagus (1831). She was broken up in 1834.
HMS Inspector was launched at Wivenhoe in 1782 as the only vessel built to her design. She participated in one campaign and also captured a handful of small merchant vessels before the Navy sold her in 1802. Most notably, her crew participated in the mutiny at the Nore. After her sale, she became the whaler Inspector. She made six complete voyages to the British southern whale fishery. A Chilean privateer captured her in May 1819. Eventually she was condemned as unseaworthy at Santander in 1821.