History | |
---|---|
United Kingdom | |
Name | HMS Basilisk |
Ordered | 7 January 1801 |
Builder | John Randall & Co., Rotherhithe |
Laid down | January 1801 |
Launched | 2 April 1801 (already coppered) |
Completed | 3 April to 19 April 1801 at Deptford |
Stricken | sold 14 December 1815 |
General characteristics [1] | |
Class and type | 12-gun Bloodhound-class gun-brig |
Tons burthen | 185 83⁄94 (bm) |
Length |
|
Beam | 23 ft 1 in (7.0 m) |
Depth of hold | 8 ft 6 in (2.6 m) |
Sail plan | Brig |
Complement | 50, including a detachment of 14 Royal Marines |
Armament |
|
HMS Basilisk was a Bloodhound-class gun-brig built by Randall in Rotherhithe and launched in 1801. She served briefly at the end of the French Revolutionary Wars, with most of her service occurring during the Napoleonic Wars protecting convoys from privateers, conducting close-inshore surveillance and taking enemy coastal shipping. She was sold for breaking in 1815.
In 1801 Basilisk was commissioned under Lieutenant Samuel Gooch (or Gooche), in the Channel. [1] She served under Captain Cunningham in the frigate Clyde, who was senior officer between Le Havre and the Île de Batz.
On 16 August Basilisk and Bloodhound were at anchor, on station, between Barfleur and Marcou when they sighted two brigs and 17 gunvessels coming round Cape Barfleur. Gooch signaled to Captain Ross Donnelly of Maidstone, who was closer and who proceeded in pursuit. The enemy ran into a bay west of the cape. There they anchored close to the beach where a battery and some field guns could fire in support of them. Basilisk and Bloodhound followed them and anchored in two fathoms. The two British vessels were within 18-pounder range and started firing. Maidstone, however, could not approach within range of her 12-pounder guns and so signaled Basilisk and Bloodhound to withdraw. Later, when the tide came in, the enemy rowed round the lighthouse and disappeared, while the wind and tide conditions prevented the three British vessels from following. When the British could find the enemy neither in Isigny nor within La Hogue, Cunningham surmised that they might have returned to Cherbourg and sailed there, where he found a number of French vessels and a convoy. [2]
On 4 September Basilisk was in company with Maidstone when they captured the Jonge Jan Schoon. [3]
In February 1803 Basilisk came under the command of Lieutenant William Shepheard, [1] previously commander of Pigmy.On 24 June Basilisk, the sloop Ranger and the hired armed cutter Sheerness captured five French fishing vessels, [4] which Basilisk sent into Dover. [5] By July Basilisk had assumed her station off Dunkirk in company with Lynx and Milbrook.
On 8 December, Basilisk and Mariner captured the Jussrouw Catherina. [6] Jussrow Catherina was apparently a smuggling cutter. [7]
On 18 December 1803, after a chase from daybreak to noon, Basilisk captured the French Gunboat No. 436. She was armed with a brass 18-pounder gun in front and a howitzer aft. Her crew was under the command of ensign de vaisseau Lewis Sautoin, and comprised seven sailors, and a captain and 27 soldiers of the 36th Regiment of the Line. She had left Dunkirk the day before and was sailing to Boulogne. [8]
On 22 October 1804 Basilisk was in company with Champion when they recaptured the Frances. [9] [lower-alpha 1]
The next day, Basilisk was in company with Immortalite and Orestes when they found three praams, seven brigs and 15 luggers off Cap Gris Nez. The French convoy was sailing westward and keeping close inshore under cover of the batteries and an escort of horse artillery that followed them as they made their way to the Banc de Laine. Immortalite closed with the praams under the high land of Cap Blanc Nez, with Orestes and Basilisk joining in the attack. The running fight lasted for more than an hour before the falling tide forced the British to seek deeper water. The French convoy escaped, though possibly with some losses of men. Immortalite herself suffered one man killed, three men mortally wounded and eight others wounded. [11]
When Shepheard was appointed to command the hired cutter Earl St Vincent, Lieutenant William Patey replaced him as captain of Basilisk. [1]
In April 1805 a large British squadron was off Boulogne and between 24 and 25 April they captured a number of Dutch schuyts, some armed and some not. On 24 April, Basilisk shared with Orestes, Fairy, and Speedy, gun-brig Tigress and bomb vessels Devastation and Lucifer in the capture of the unarmed Dutch schuyt No. 54. [12] On 28 April, Basilisk, Jamaica, Speedy, Orestes, Devastation, Lucifer, Tigress and Blazer captured the Sally, Williams, Master. Some party appealed the prize award and it took some years before the appeal was dropped. [13] Next, Basilisk, Orestes, Volcano, Devastation, Ariadne, Fury, Combatant and Calypso captured the American ship Enoch on 14 June 1805. [14] Then on 3 August, Basilisk was in company with Blazer, Bold, Tigress, Piercer, Ariadne and Furious when they captured the Frederick Wilhelm. [15]
On 14 October 1805, Basilisk, then under Lieutenant George Higgs, was in company with Furious and Ariadne when Furious captured the Cornelia and her cargo of fish. Prize money was due 13 January 1810. [16] [17]
Around 1806 Basilisk was ordered north to be based at Leith in Scotland. Basilisk was in company with the gun-brig Urgent and Diligence when they captured the Mercurius, Thompson, Master, on 8 April. [18] Urgent sent Mercurius, which was sailing from Alicante to Embden, into Dover. [19] Basilisk also sent the Maria and Elizabeth, which had been sailing from Havana to Tonningen, into Dover. [19]
Basilisk was at the second Battle of Copenhagen on 7 September 1807. She therefore shared in the prize money for the capture of the Danish fleet. [lower-alpha 2] Prior to the battle, Basilisk participated in the capture of the Hans and Jacob on 17 August. [lower-alpha 3]
On 30 September 1808, while under the temporary command of Sub-Lieutenant Charles Balfour, Basilisk was escorting a convoy to Shetland when she captured the privateer Don Flinnke. Don Flinkke was armed with four 12-pounder carronades and two swivel guns, and had a crew of 24 men. [22] The capture took place off Buchanness, and Basilisk took her prize into Leith. [23] Don Flinnke may have been the former Eliza, of Lerwick. Basilisk also recaptured a schooner, prize to the Danish privateer. [24]
For the most part, Basilisk guarded convoys to Shetland and elsewhere. Then on 22 October, Basilisk and Spitfire sailed to the assistance of the sloop Cygnet, which the Dowlaw signal station, near Dunbar, reported had cut away her masts and bowsprit and thrown some of her guns overboard. Basilisk and Spitfire brought Cygnet back to Leith Roads.
Lieutenant Samuel Crew commanded Basilisk in 1809 and 1810. On 13 April 1809, Basilisk and Pincher took a Danish privateer of unknown name and the Danish galiot Jonge Anna Catherina. [25] Also in late April or early May, boats from Pincher and Basilisk captured a galliot laden with deals near the Watt Sand. [26]
On 20 May the gun-brigs Basilisk and Bruizer, and the sloop Briseis captured three vessels: the Courier, Junge Catharina and a Blankenese boat of unknown name. [27]
In June 1809 Lord George Stuart placed Commander William Goate of Musquito in command of a small force consisting of Musquito, the two Cherokee class brig-sloops Briseis, Robert Pettet, and Ephira, Edward Watts, five gun-brigs, including Basilisk and Centinel, one armed schuyt, and a cutter. On 7 July they entered the Elbe and anchored out of gunshot of the battery at Cuxhaven. [28]
At daylight the following morning Goate, with the commanding officers, seamen and marines of their respective vessels, landed to attack the battery. However, the 80-man garrison retreated. [28] The British seized the battery and hoisted the British flag; they also hoisted the Hamburg flag on the castle at Kitzbuttle. They then loaded the battery’s six 24-pounders into vessels lying in the harbor, together with some small cannons and all the shot and military stores. Next they undermined and blew up the battery. They also seized two French gunboats, each of two guns. Lastly, the landing party handed the town of Cuxhaven back to the civil governor before they embarked. [28] In November 1813 proceeds of the captured stores, etc. from Cuxhaven were payable to Aimable, Basilisk and the other vessels of the squadron. [29]
On 16 March 1810, Lieutenant Crew sailed Basilisk for the Mediterranean, where she was involved in several actions in southwest Spain and elsewhere. [1] Lieutenant George Wood replaced Lieutenant Crew.
In 1811 Lieutenant Vallack was in command of Basilisk, with the British squadron at Cadiz. Between 27 and 29 March there was a tremendous gale at Cadiz that damaged a number of British vessels and blew Basilisk out to sea. [30]
On 15 April a Spanish force left Cadiz to join General Beresford at the approaching siege of Badajos. The British squadron's small vessels received the assignment to maintain communications. Lieutenant Vallack and his boat's crew drowned when they tried to cross the bar of the Guadiana River on this assignment. [31] On 11 July 1811 Lieutenant George French took command. [1] He then sailed Basilisk to Portugal on 4 March 1812. [1]
In May 1812, Hyacinth and Termagant, Captains Thomas Ussher and Gawen William Rowan-Hamilton, and Basilisk supported Spanish guerrillas on the coast of Grenada. Termangant destroyed the castle at Nerja on 20 May. The British squadron then supported a guerrilla offensive against Almuñécar. On 24 May with Hyacinth and Termagant, Basilisk took a French privateer of two guns and 30 or 40 men under the castle. The British squadron bombarded the castle, breaching the walls. The French then retreated to Grenada. [32] Basilisk's only casualty was one man slightly wounded. [33] Prize money for the "capture of a brass gun and the destruction of a French privateer, name unknown" was payable in March 1836. [lower-alpha 4]
In December Basilisk detained and sent into Gibraltar the Concordia, Coffin, master, which had been sailing from Virginia to Cadiz. [35] On 18 December Basilisk captured Gunboat #437, of two guns, off Boulogne.
In mid-March Basilisk detained and sent into Gibraltar the Polly, Jones, master, which had been sailing from Cadiz to New Orleans. [36] Basilisk was re-rated as a sloop in May 1813 and the newly promoted Commander George French recommissioned her. [1]
In the spring of 1814 Basilisk was fitted as a tender and came under the command of Lieutenant Philip Anstruther, [1] who sailed her between Dublin and Plymouth. When Anstruther died in August, Lieutenant Abraham Pike took command. [1]
The Admiralty offered Basilisk for sale on 14 December 1815 at Plymouth. [37] She was sold there for breaking for £730 on that date. [1]
While the captains of Basilisk changed regularly, some of the crew provided continuity. Royal Marine Abel Helps signed on to Basilisk 29 May 1802 as a corporal (ADM 96/216), was raised to sergeant 9 March 1805 (ADM 158/91), and disembarked at Portsmouth 16 Oct 1809 (ADM 35/2625), meaning he was on board for 7 years 5 months. By 4 November 1809 he had joined another ship, the frigate Nyaden.
HMS Polyphemus, a 64-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 27 April 1782 at Sheerness. She participated in the 1801 Battle of Copenhagen, the Battle of Trafalgar, and the Siege of Santo Domingo. In 1813 she became a powder hulk and was broken up in 1827.
HMS Leda, launched in 1800, was the lead ship of a successful class of forty-seven British Royal Navy 38-gun sailing frigates. Leda's design was based on the French Hébé, which the British had captured in 1782. Leda was wrecked at the mouth of Milford Haven in 1808, Captain Honeyman was exonerated of all blame, as it was a pilot error.
HMS Boadicea was a frigate of the Royal Navy. She served in the Channel and in the East Indies during which service she captured many prizes. She participated in one action for which the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal. She was broken up in 1858.
Franchise was launched in 1798 as a 40-gun Coquille-class frigate of the French Navy. The British captured her in 1803 and took her into the Royal Navy under her existing name. In the war on commerce during the Napoleonic Wars she was more protector than prize-taker, capturing many small privateers but few commercial prizes. She was also at the battle of Copenhagen. She was broken up in 1815.
HMS Cerberus was a 32-gun fifth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She served in the French Revolutionary and the Napoleonic Wars in the Channel, the Mediterranean, the Adriatic, and even briefly in the Baltic against the Russians. She participated in one boat action that won for her crew a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal (NGSM). She also captured many privateers and merchant vessels. Her biggest battle was the Battle of Lissa, which won for her crew another clasp to the NGSM. She was sold in 1814.
HMS Lark was a 16-gun ship sloop of the Cormorant class, launched in 1794 at Northfleet. She served primarily in the Caribbean, where she took a number of prizes, some after quite intensive action. Lark foundered off San Domingo in August 1809, with the loss of her captain and almost all her crew.
HMS Calypso was a Royal Navy Cruizer-class brig-sloop. She was built at Deptford Wharf between 1804 and 1805, and launched in 1805. She served in the North Sea and the Baltic, most notably at the Battle of Lyngør, which effectively ended the Gunboat War. Calypso was broken up in March 1821.
HMS Scout was a Cruizer-class brig-sloop built by Peter Atkinson & Co. at Hull and launched in 1804. She participated in a number of actions and captured several privateers in the Mediterranean during the Napoleonic Wars. The Navy sold her in 1827. In 1829 she reappeared as the British Southern Whale Fisheries whaler Diana. Diana made three voyages for Daniel Bennett & Son until condemned after an on-board explosion in April 1843 towards the end of her fourth voyage.
HMS Scorpion was a Royal Navy Cruizer-class brig-sloop built by John King at Dover and launched in 1803. She was the first of the class to be built since the launching of Cruizer in 1797. Scorpion had a long and active career during the Napoleonic Wars, earning her crews three clasps to the Naval General Service Medal when the Admiralty authorized it in 1847, two for single-ship actions. She also took a number of prizes. Scorpion was sold in 1819.
HMS Musquito. was a Royal Navy Cruizer-class brig-sloop built by John Preston at Great Yarmouth and launched in 1804. She was commissioned in October 1804 under Commander Samuel Jackson. She served in the North Sea and the Baltic, and Jackson supervised the first successful rocket attack in Europe at Boulogne in 1806. After the war she served off Africa and captured some slavers. She was broken up in 1822, having been laid up since 1818.
HMS Firm was a 12-gun Archer-class gun-brig of the Royal Navy, launched on 2 July 1804. She served in the Channel, where she engaged in one action that would eventually result in her crew qualifying for the Naval General Service Medal. She grounded in 1811 and her crew had to destroy her before abandoning her.
HMS Piercer was a Royal Navy Archer-class gun-brig launched in 1804. She served against the French, Danes and Dutch in the Napoleonic Wars and was assigned to the Downs station. She participated in a number of operations in the Bay of Biscay, the English Channel, and the North Sea. In 1814 the British government transferred Piercer to the Kingdom of Hanover for use as a guard ship. Hanover decommissioned her in 1850.
HMS Patriot was a Dutch schuyt that the Royal Navy captured in 1808 and took into service. She captured several enemy vessels before she was converted to a water vessel in 1813. The Admiralty sold her in 1815.
HMS Orestes was a 16-gun brig-sloop of the Seagull class of the British Royal Navy, launched in October 1805. She served during the Napoleonic Wars, primarily in the North Sea and the Channel, where she captured three privateers. The Navy sold her in 1817.
HMS Grasshopper was a Cruizer-class brig-sloop of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1806, captured several vessels, and took part in two notable actions before the Dutch captured her in 1811. She then served The Netherlands navy until she was broken up in 1822.
HMS Harpy was a Royal Navy Diligence-class brig-sloop, launched in 1796 and sold in 1817. She was the longest lived vessel of her class, and the most widely travelled. She served in both the battle of Copenhagen and the British invasion of Java, took part in several actions, one of which won for her crew a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal, and captured numerous privateers. The Navy sold her in 1817.
HMS Briseis was a 10-gun Cherokee- class brig-sloop of the Royal Navy, launched in 1808 at Upnor, on the River Medway. She participated in one notable single ship action before she wrecked in 1816.
HMS Orestes was a mercantile vessel, possible Ann, that the Royal Navy purchased in 1803. She had a short operational career; her crew burnt her in 1805 after she ran aground to prevent the enemy from capturing her.
HMS Growler was a Archer-class gun-brig built for the British Royal Navy and launched in 1804. She captured several French privateers and one Danish privateer, and took part in two actions that earned her crew the Naval General Service Medal (NGSM). She was sold in 1815.
The Royal Navy purchased the mercantile brig Jane in 1804 and renamed her HMS Watchful. Jane had been launched in 1795 at Norfolk. In 1805 she participated in several actions against French and Dutch vessels on their way to Boulogne. Watchful also participated in the siege of Cadiz in 1810–1811. The Navy sold her in 1814.