| Hadj Mustapha | |
|---|---|
| Dey of Algiers | |
| 7th Dey of Regency of Algiers | |
| Reign | 1700–1705 |
| Predecessor | Hassen Chaouch |
| Successor | Hussein Khodja |
| Died | 1705 Collo, Regency of Algiers |
| Religion | Islam |
| Occupation | Agha, then Dey |
Hadj Mustapha was the 7th ruler and Dey of Algiers. He ruled five years after his predecessor Hadj Chaouch.
In 1700 the Algerian Dey Hadj Chaouch was forced to resign from his title of bey when Algerian Janissaries rose up against him, the Diwan of Algiers Decided that Mustapha would take his place as he was his old Agha at the time.
The same year, the Bey of Tunis Murad III launched a campaign against the Beylik of Constantine. [1] Alongside with Zeïdan ben Ismail who also launched a campaign against the Beylik of Mascara and had already begun pillaging cities such as Tlemcen. [2] The Bey of Constantine Ali Khodja Bey was killed by the Tunisians, for the Algerian Counter attack, Hadj mustapha would eventually manage to beat both the invasions in the battles of Jouami' Al-Ulama [3] and Chelif. [4] Even tho the war seemed over, Murad bey would somehow prepare a large army in Kef for a second invasion of Constantine. But this would seem useless as he was assassinated by Ibrahim El-Sharif who just came back from Istanbul to take his place. [5]
After the Maghrebi war, the republic fell into chaos and also in terrible dept and economic instability, the dey would unnecessarily raise taxes as the Italian and Spanish coastal cities became poor. [6] Mustapha believed that the only solution for him was to invade and pillage the neighboring state of Tunis against Ibrahim El-Sharif. [7] After taking the city of Kef and put Tunis in siege, but would eventually lift it after a couple of days after the bey Ibrahim proposed him a ransom of 150,000 Piasters. [8] On his way to the capital, he would be attacked by a small coalition of Kabyles and Tunisians but would suffer from 500 casualties. This delayed the time of arrival of Mustapha, but managed to finally enter the capital in the 12th of October. Even tho he had slaughtered almost an entire army in his way, Algerian janissaries rose up with the lead of Hussein Khodja, Mustapha escaped the city as soon as the revolt broke down. But he would be captured by Janissaries and be paraded on a donkey before being hanged by the rebels. [9]
The Regency of Algiers, a largely independent early modern Ottoman tributary state on the Barbary Coast of North Africa between 1516 and 1830, was founded by the corsair brothers Aruj and Hayreddin Barbarossa. The Regency was an infamous and formidable pirate base that plundered and waged maritime holy war on European Christian powers. It was ruled by Ottoman regents as heads of a military oligarchy of janissaries and corsairs.
Mohamed Bey El Mouradi was a Muradid leader and Bey of Tunis from 1675 until his death in 1696. He was the eldest son of Murad II Bey.
Hamidou ben Ali, known as Raïs Hamidou, or Amidon in American literature, born around 1770, and died on June 17, 1815, near Cape Gata off the coast of southern Spain, was an Algerian corsair. He captured up to 200 ships during his career. Hamidou ensured the prosperity of the Deylik of Algiers, and gave it its last glory before the French invasion. His biography is relatively well known because the French archivist Albert Devoulx found documents that told of this charismatic character.
Ali V Ben Ahmed, nicknamed Ali Khodja, Ali-Meguer, or Ali Loco was a Kouloughli of partial Georgian (Mengrelian) and Native Algerian origins born in Algeria. He was the dey of the Deylik of Algiers from September 1817, just after the assassination of his predecessor Omar Agha the 8th. He remained so until his death in February 1818. His sobriquet Ali-Meguer may indicate his Mingrelian background.
The Battle of Chelif or Battle of Djidouia took place on 28 April 1701 on the banks of the Chelif River. It was fought between the armies of the Alaouite Sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif and those of the Regency of Algiers commanded by the Bey of Mascara, Mustapha Bouchelaghem. It took place in the context of an attempt by the Alaouites to conquer the west of the Regency of Algiers, coordinated with an offensive by Tunis on the east of the Regency of Algiers in 1700 and 1701.
The Battle of Moulouya took place in May 1692 at a ford on the Moulouya river in Morocco. It was fought between the armies of the Alawi sultan Moulay Ismail and those of the Dey of Algiers Hadj Chabane.
The "Odjak of Algiers" was a unit of the Algerian army. It was a highly autonomous part of the Janissary Corps, acting completely independently from the rest of the corps, similar to the relationship between Algiers and the Sublime Porte. Led by an Agha, they also took part in the country's internal administration and politics, ruling the country for several years. They acted as a defense unit, a Praetorian Guard, and an instrument of repression until 1817.
Baba Ali Chaouch, also known as Ali Soukali, or simply Ali I, was a ruler of the Deylik of Algiers from 1710 to 1718. He was the first dey of Algiers to be invested with the title of dey-pacha. The Sultan Ahmed III had Ali Chaouch's envoy given the caftan and the three tails, a sign of the dignity of a "pasha". This title was attributed to all his successors until 1830.
The Tunisian–Algerian war of 1694 was a conflict between the Deylik of Algiers, and the Regency of Tunis.
The Maghrebi war (1699–1702) was a conflict involving a Tunisian, Tripolitanian, and Moroccan coalition, and the Deylik of Algiers. It was an important milestone in the further weakening of the already fragile Ottoman grip over the Maghreb, as both sides utterly ignored the Ottoman sultan's pleas to sign a peace treaty. This war also led to the renewal of the Muradid infighting, which would later lead to the establishment of the Beylik of Tunis, and the Husainid dynasty in 1705.
The siege of Tunis was a siege fought in 1694, between the Deylik of Algiers, and Muradid Tunis, during the Tunisian-Algerian War of 1694.
The Constantine campaign was launched by Bey of Tunis Murad III Bey in 1699 to capture the Beylik of Constantine, situated in the east of the Deylik of Algiers.
The Battle of Jouami' al-Ulama took place on 3 October 1700 near Sétif, Algeria. It was fought between the armies of the Bey of Tunis Murad III and those of the Deylik of Algiers commanded by the Dey Hadj Mustapha, and a newly elected Bey of Constantine, Ahmed ben Ferhat.
The Capture of Tunis in 1569 was a campaign led by Uluç Ali to conquer Tunis.
The Battle of Kef was fought in 1694, between the Deylik of Algiers, and Muradid Tunis, during the Tunisian-Algerian War of 1694.
The Capture of Tunis occurred in 1735 when the Dey of Algiers sent an invasion force to Tunis in order to install Ali Pasha as the Bey.
The Tunisian–Algerian War of 1705 was a conflict between the Regency of Algiers and the Regency of Tunis.
Dey Hadj Ahmed Chabane was the fourth Dey of Algiers. He ruled from 1688 to 1695, and was the first member of the Algerian Janissary Odjak to ever assume this position. Under his leadership, Algeria enjoyed good relations with France. His military campaigns against Morocco and Tunis were successful. However, his enemies turned his Eastern army against him; he was removed from power and executed.
Hadj Hassen-Chaouch or Baba Hassen-Chaouch was the 6th ruler and Dey of Algiers. He ruled just a couple of months between 1698 and 1700.
Hadj Ahmed or Hadj Ahmed ben Hadj Massli was the 5th ruler and Dey of Algiers. He ruled two years after the assassination Hadj Ahmed Chabane.