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The halophiles, named after the Greek word for "salt-loving", are extremophiles that thrive in high salt concentrations. While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin. Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible candidate for extremophiles living in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and other similar moons.
Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes of North America, the world's largest freshwater lake by surface area, and the third-largest freshwater lake by volume. It is shared by Ontario to the north, Minnesota to the west, and Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to the south. Lake Superior is the most northerly and most westerly of the Great Lakes chain, and the highest in elevation, draining into Lake Huron via St. Mary's River.
Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if there is no net flow of thermal energy between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium with itself if the temperature within the system is spatially uniform and temporally constant.
Endemism is the state of a species being native to a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is exclusively found in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be endemic to that particular part of the world. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range.
The Rhizobiales are an order of Gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria.
Halomonadaceae is a family of halophilic Proteobacteria.
Circoviridae is a family of DNA viruses. Birds and mammals serve as natural hosts. There are currently 94 species in this family, divided among 2 genera. Diseases associated with this family include: PCV-2: postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome; CAV: chicken infectious anemia.
The Vestfold Hills are rounded, rocky, coastal hills, 411 square kilometres (159 sq mi) in extent, on the north side of Sorsdal Glacier on the Ingrid Christensen Coast of Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica. The hills are subdivided by three west-trending peninsulas bounded by narrow fjords. Most of the hills range between 30 and 90 metres in height, with the highest summit reaching nearly 160 metres (520 ft).
The Gemmatimonadetes are a phylum of bacteria established in 2003. The phylum contains two classes Gemmatimonadetes and Longimicrobia.
Halorubrum is a genus in the family Halobacteriaceae. Halorubrum species can be found in the Dead Sea, Lake Zabuye and other waters with high salt concentration.
In taxonomy, Halovivax is a genus of the Halobacteriaceae. Some species of Halovivax are halophiles and have been found in Iran's Aran-Bidgol hypersaline lake.
DENIS J081730.0−615520 is a T brown dwarf approximately 16 ly (4.9 pc) away in the constellation Carina. It was discovered by Etienne Artigau and his colleagues in April 2010. The star belongs to the T6 spectral class implying a photosphere temperature of about 950 K. It has a mass of about 15 MJ or about 1.5% the mass of the Sun.
Armatimonadetes is a phylum of gram-negative bacteria.
Spring viraemia of carp, also known as swim bladder inflammation, is caused by Carp sprivivirus, also called Rhabdovirus carpio. It is listed as a notifiable disease under the World Organisation for Animal Health.
Polynucleobacter is a genus of Proteobacteria, originally established by Heckmann and Schmidt (1987) to exclusively harbor obligate endosymbionts of ciliates belonging to the genus Euplotes.
GD 165 is a system of a white dwarf and a brown dwarf of spectral types DA4 + L4, located in constellation Boötes at approximately 103 light-years from Earth. GD 165 B remained the only brown dwarf companion of a white dwarf until the discovery of GD 1400 B, which was discovered 17 years later.
Gracilibacillus is a genus of bacteria within the phylum Firmicutes. Species within this genus are generally halotolerant.
Melghirimyces is a bacterial genus from the family of Thermoactinomycetaceae.
Brachybacterium huguangmaarense is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, orange-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from a lake sediment sample from Huguangyan Maar Lake collected in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China. The species was first described in 2014, and the name is derived from the location from which the organism was first isolated.
Halanaerobacter lacunaris is a Gram-negative and polyextremophile bacterium from the genus of Halanaerobacter.
References
- 1 2 "Species: Halanaerobacter jeridensis". lpsn.dsmz.de.
- 1 2 Mezghani, M.; Alazard, D.; Karray, F.; Cayol, J.-L.; Joseph, M.; Postec, A.; Fardeau, M.-L.; Tholozan, J.-L.; Sayadi, S. (1 August 2012). "Halanaerobacter jeridensis sp. nov., isolated from a hypersaline lake". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 62 (Pt_8): 1970–1973. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.036301-0 .
- 1 2 "Halanaerobacter jeridensis". www.uniprot.org.
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