Haynes Park | |
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General information | |
Type | Country House |
Architectural style | Georgian |
Location | Haynes Church End, Bedfordshire |
Coordinates | 52°03′48″N0°25′34″W / 52.0632°N 0.4261°W |
Completed | c.1725 |
Technical details | |
Material | Brick with slate roof |
Designations | Grade I listed |
Haynes Park is a Georgian country house which stands in parkland at Haynes Church End, Bedfordshire, England. It is a Grade I listed building. [1]
Originally known as Hawnes Park it was built c.1725 for John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, a prominent statesman and remodelled and expanded several times since by his descendants. It is constructed of red and white brick to a square plan in two storeys with attics and slate roofs. Later extensions formed a courtyard. The south front has 13 bays in a 3-7-3 formation surmounted by a parapet, the two outer bays projecting in 2-storey bows. It stands in an estate which today comprises some 800 acres (320ha) of parkland and woodland.
The estate passed down to John Thynne, 3rd Baron Carteret, who died childless, leaving it to his nephew Lord John Thynne, sub-Dean of Westminster, thence to his eldest son Francis John Thynne, who was lord of the manors of Kilkhampton, Stratton and Binhamy in Cornwall. [2] Stowe House in Kilkhampton, Cornwall, had been the seat of John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath (1628–1701), which manor had descended to his third daughter Lady Grace Granville, suo jure 1st Countess Granville (3 September 1654 – 18 October 1744), wife of George Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret of [Haynes Park, and mother of John Carteret, 2nd Baron Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville. The progeny of this marriage, Barons Carteret, Earls Granville, and Marquesses of Bath (Thynne), were co-heirs to William Granville, 3rd Earl of Bath (1692–1711) who died of smallpox aged 19 without progeny when the earldom became extinct. Haynes Park was the home of Rev. Lord John Thynne (1798–1881), DD, Canon of Westminster, (whose monument with effigy survives in Westminster Abbey), 3rd son of Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath. He inherited it from his childless uncle John Thynne, 3rd Baron Carteret (1772–1849).
Francis Thynne's younger brother was Rev. Arthur Thynne (1833–1908), Rector of Kilkhampton, and a Canon of Truro Cathedral, of the newly built Penstowe House, Kilkhampton. Francis Thynne's second son was Lt Col. Algernon Carteret Thynne (1868–1917), DSO, Royal North Devon Hussars, of Penstowe, Kilkhampton, who was killed in action in Palestine during World War I, [3] and whose monument by Sir William Goscombe John R.A. (1860–1952) survives in Kilkhampton Church. His widow (Anita) Constance Thynne (1871–1961), JP, lived on at Penstowe until her death in 1961. Algernon Thynne's brother and heir was George Thynne of Trelana, Poughill, who sold Penstowe in 1963. [4]
In 1908 Haynes Park was the residence of Mr. W. B. Greenfield (by apparent co-incidence "Greenfield" was the spelling adopted by the Grenville family during the 16th century), formerly tenant of Beechwood Park, Dunstable, and still contained a notable collection of portraits of Grenvilles, Carterets, and Thynnes, including John Grenville, 1st Earl of Bath (1628–1701), Sir Richard VIII Grenville (1542–1591) "of the Revenge", dated 1571, Sir Bernard Grenville (1567–1636), his son, and Sir Bevil Grenville (1596–1643), his great-grandson, killed at the Battle of Lansdowne. A portrait also existed there of Sir George Carteret, 1st Baronet (c.1610–1680), Governor of Jersey, who purchased Haynes in 1667 and whose grandson was the husband of Lady Grace Grenville. [5]
In 1929 the house became a boarding school for girls known as Hawnes Girls School which closed in 1975 and was then taken over by Clarendon School for Girls after their previous premises at Abergele had been destroyed in a fire. After Clarendon School merged with Monkton Combe School near Bath, Somerset in 1992 the property was sold to the Radha Soami Satsang Beas British Isles (RSSB), an Indian sect and is still (2019) still occupied by the associated organisation Science of the Soul. [6]
Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, KG, PC, of Longleat in Wiltshire, was a British politician who held office under King George III. He served as Southern Secretary, Northern Secretary and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Between 1751 and 1789, he was known as the 3rd Viscount Weymouth. He is possibly best known for his role in the Falklands Crisis of 1770.
Earl Granville is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of Great Britain and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It is now held by members of the Leveson-Gower family.
John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath PC was an English landowner who served in the Royalist army during the First English Civil War and was rewarded for his services after the 1660 Stuart Restoration with a title and various appointments.
Haynes is a village and civil parish in Bedfordshire, England, about seven miles (11 km) south of Bedford. It includes the small hamlet of Haynes Church End. It used to be known as Hawnes. North from Haynes is a hamlet named Silver End, then further up is Herrings Green, Cotton End and Shortstown. There is a pub, "The Greyhound", a shop, a post office, a village hall and a Lower School.
George Granville, 1st Baron Lansdowne PC, of Stowe, Cornwall, was an English Tory politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1702 until 1712, when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Lansdown and sat in the House of Lords. He was Secretary at War during the Harley administration from 1710 to 1712. He was also a noted poet and made a name for himself with verses composed on the visit of Mary of Modena, then Duchess of York, while he was at Cambridge in 1677. He was also a playwright, following in the style of John Dryden.
Baron Carteret is a title that has been created twice in British history, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of Great Britain. The first creation came into the Peerage of England in 1681 when the fourteen-year-old Sir George Carteret, 2nd Baronet, was made Baron Carteret, of Hawnes in the County of Bedford. The peerage was originally proposed for his grandfather Sir George Carteret, 1st Baronet, a celebrated royalist statesman, but he died before he was granted the title and as his eldest son, Philip, predeceased him, it was eventually bestowed on his grandson, George, with remainder to the latter's brothers. The Baronetcy, of Metesches in the Island of Jersey, had been created for George Carteret in the Baronetage of England on 9 May 1645. Lord Carteret married Lady Grace Granville, daughter of John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath. In 1715 Lady Grace was raised to the Peerage of Great Britain in her own right as Viscountess Carteret and Countess Granville. Lord Carteret and Lady Granville were both succeeded by their son John Carteret, the second Baron and second Earl. The titles became extinct on the death of the latter's son Robert Carteret, the third Earl, in 1776.
Sir Bevil Grenville's Monument is a monument erected in 1720 on Lansdown Hill, then called Lansdowne Hill, in Charlcombe parish about 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west of the city of Bath, in Somerset, England. It was designated a Grade II* listed structure in 1956, and a scheduled monument in 1950.
Nicholas Monck was a Bishop of Hereford and Provost of Eton College, both royal appointments made by King Charles II following the 1660 Restoration of the Monarchy which was largely effected by his elder brother George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle (1608–1670), KG. Nicholas Monck was "a great assistant in the Restoration to his brother".
Henry Frederick Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret PC (1735–1826), of Haynes, Bedfordshire, was Member of Parliament for Staffordshire (1757–1761), for Weobley in Herefordshire (1761–1770) and was Master of the Household to King George III 1768–1771. He was hereditary Bailiff of Jersey 1776–1826.
Thomas Thynne, 2nd Viscount Weymouth of Longleat House in Wiltshire was an English peer, descended from Sir John Thynne (c.1515-1580) builder of Longleat.
John Thynne, 3rd Baron Carteret PC, known as Lord John Thynne between 1789 and 1838, was a British peer and politician.
The Royal North Devon Yeomanry was a Yeomanry regiment of the British Army. First raised in 1798, it participated in the Second Boer War and the First World War before being amalgamated with the Royal 1st Devon Yeomanry in 1920 to form the Royal Devon Yeomanry.
Stowe House in the parish of Kilkhampton in Cornwall, England, UK, was a mansion built in 1679 by John Grenville, 1st Earl of Bath (1628–1701) and demolished in 1739. The Grenville family were for many centuries lords of the manor of Kilkhampton, which they held from the feudal barony of Gloucester, as they did their other principal seat of nearby Bideford in Devon. It is possible that the family's original residence at Kilkhampton was Kilkhampton Castle, of which only the groundworks survive, unusual in that it had a motte with two baileys.
Potheridge is a former Domesday Book estate in the parish of Merton, in the historic hundred of Shebbear, 3 miles south-east of Great Torrington, Devon, England. It is the site of a former grand mansion house re-built by George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle (1608–1670) circa 1660 on the site of the former manor house occupied by his family since at the latest 1287. It was mostly demolished in 1734 after the death of the widow of his son Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle.
The manor of Bideford in North Devon was held by the Grenville family between the 12th and 18th centuries. The full descent is as follows:
Bernard Granville of Birdcage Walk, Westminster, and Apps Court, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, a member of an ancient and prominent Westcountry family, was a courtier of King Charles II who served as a Member of Parliament for several Cornish constituencies.
Rev. Lord John Thynne was an English aristocrat and Anglican cleric, who served for 45 years as Deputy Dean of Westminster.
Louisa Thynne, Viscountess Weymouth, formerly Lady Louisa Carteret, was the second wife of Thomas Thynne, 2nd Viscount Weymouth. She was the daughter of John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, and his first wife, the former Frances Worsley.
Jane Granville, Countess of Bath, was the wife of John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, and the mother of the 2nd Earl. She was a Lady of the Bedchamber to Catherine of Braganza, the queen consort of King Charles II of England.
Grace Carteret, 1st Countess Granville, formerly Lady Grace Granville, was Countess Granville in her own right and the wife of George Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret.