Hellenides

Hellenides
Albanides-Hellenides, Hellenides-Albanides
Pindus Mountains from the air
Highest point
Peak	Mount Olympus in Greece
Elevation	2,917.7 m (9,573 ft) [1]
Coordinates	40°05′08″N22°21′31″E / 40.08556°N 22.35861°E / 40.08556; 22.35861
Geography
Topography and relief of the Hellenides
Countries	Albania Kosovo North Macedonia Greece Serbia
Borders on	Dinarides, Rhodopes
Geology
Rock age	Mesozoic era
Rock type	Sedimentary

The Hellenides, also known as the Albanides-Hellenides (or the Hellenides-Albanides), are a mountain range in Southeast Europe. The Hellenides and Dinarides form a common orocline.

Name

Geologically, the Hellenides and Dinarides share Late Cretaceous-Paleogene nappe sequences, so the main distinction between the two is tectonic: the Hellenides are characterised by retreating subduction, collision and slab bending, and the Dinarides by oblique dextral collision and slab tearing. The boundary between the two ranges is usually drawn between Prokletije in the Dinarides and Šar in the Hellenides. To emphasise the orogenic unity of the Hellenides and Dinarides, some authors avoid using the term Albanides for the northern segment of the Hellenides, ^[2] while some Albanian authors treat it on an equal level with the Dinarides and Hellenides. In between, many scholars use terms like Albanides-Hellenides and Hellenides-Albanides to refer to the Hellenides. ^[3] Among authors who use the term "Albanides," no consensus exists as to the line of separation between them and the Hellenides sensu stricto. ^[2]

References

1. Ampatzidis et al. 2023
2. Grund et al. 2023 , p. 1613
3. Aquilano 2024 , p. 313

Bibliography

• Ampatzidis, Dimitrios; Moschopoulos, Georgios; Mouratidis, Antonios; Styllas, Michael; Tsimerikas, Alexandros; Deligiannis, Vasileios-Klearchos; Voutsis, Nikolaos; Perivolioti, Triantafyllia-Maria; Vergos, Georgios S.; Plachtova, Alexandra (2023-04-01). "Revisiting the determination of Mount Olympus Height (Greece)". Journal of Mountain Science. 20 (4): 1026–1034. Bibcode:2023JMouS..20.1026A. doi: 10.1007/s11629-022-7866-8 . ISSN   1993-0321.
• Grund, Marc U.; Handy, Mark R.; Giese, Jörg; Gemignani, Lorenzo; Pleuger, Jan; Onuzi, Kujtim (2023-07-17). "Faulting, basin formation and orogenic arcuation at the Dinaric–Hellenic junction (northern Albania and Kosovo)" (PDF). International Journal of Earth Sciences. 112: 1613–1634. doi: 10.1007/s00531-023-02318-1 . eISSN   1437-3262.
• Aquilano, Antonello (2024-10-24). "Finding Local Stone for Façade Renewal in Finiq, Albania". The Scientific Journal of the Observatory of Mediterranean Basin (2): 310–319. doi: 10.37199/o41009133 . eISSN   2959-4081.

Further reading

• Smith, Alan Gilbert; Moores, Eldridge Morton III (1974). "Hellenides". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 4: 159–185. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2005.004.01.09. ISSN   0305-8719.
• Papanikolaou, Dimitrios J. (1984). "The three metamorphic belts of the Hellenides: a review and a kinematic interpretation". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 17: 551–561. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.42. ISSN   0305-8719.
• Sotiropoulos, Spilios; et al. (2004-02-02). "Thrust sequences in the central part of the External Hellenides". Geological Magazine. 140 (6): 611–668. doi:10.1017/S0016756803008367. ISSN   0016-7568.
• Doutsos, T; Koukouvelas, Ioannis K.; Xypolias, P. (2006). "A new orogenic model for the External Hellenides". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 260 (1): 507–520. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.260.01.21. ISSN   0305-8719.
• Kilias, Adamantios (2024). "The Alpine Geological History of the Hellenides from the Triassic to the Present—Compression vs. Extension, a Dynamic Pair for Orogen Structural Configuration: A Synthesis". Geosciences. 14 (1) 10 (published 2023-12-27). doi: 10.3390/geosciences14010010 . eISSN   2076-3263.