Helsinki Regional Transport Authority

Last updated

Helsinki Regional Transport Authority
Native name
Helsingin seudun liikenne (Finnish)
Helsingforsregionens trafik (Swedish)
Company typeKuntayhtymä (Inter-municipal cooperation)
Predecessor YTV
HKL
Founded1 January 2010
HeadquartersOpastinsilta 6 A,
Helsinki
,
Finland
Area served
 Greater Helsinki
Key people
 Suvi Rihtniemi (CEO)
Services Public transport
MembersCity of Helsinki
City of Espoo
City of Vantaa
City of Kauniainen
City of Kerava
Kirkkonummi municipality
Sipoo municipality
Tuusula municipality
Siuntio municipality
Number of employees
c. 400 [1]
Website www.hsl.fi
BYD electric bus on line 40 in Helsinki BYD K11U electric articulated bus at Elielinaukio in Helsinki, Finland, 2021 November.jpg
BYD electric bus on line 40 in Helsinki
Renovated M100 Helsinki Metro train. Helsinki metro 2021 (1).jpg
Renovated M100 Helsinki Metro train.
Helsinki Tram on line 6. 18-08-31-Two Skoda Artic trams side by side in Helsinki.jpg
Helsinki Tram on line 6.
An HSL travel card in use until 2016 HSL travel card.JPG
An HSL travel card in use until 2016
An HSL travel card in use since April 2016 alongside a reflective sleeve HSL travel card 2019.jpg
An HSL travel card in use since April 2016 alongside a reflective sleeve
An HSL card reader, in use since 2016 HSL new ticket reader machine cropped.jpg
An HSL card reader, in use since 2016

The Helsinki Regional Transport Authority (Finnish : Helsingin seudun liikenne, HSL; Swedish : Helsingforsregionens trafik, HRT) is the inter-municipal authority that maintains the public transportation network of the nine municipalities of Greater Helsinki, Finland.

Contents

HSL oversees the operation of all of Helsinki's public transportation. The system consists of local buses, trams, metro trains, ferries, commuter trains, and bikeshare.

Apart from four electric buses, [2] HSL does not own rolling stock. Due to this, HSL relies on third-party contractors for the day-to-day operation of the transit system.

History

Founding

HSL was founded on 1 January 2010 [3] on the basis of the Finnish public transportation law, joukkoliikennelaki, which was adopted on 3 December 2009. [4] According to joukkoliikennelaki, HSL is responsible for the planning of public transportation in Greater Helsinki. The traffic functions of the inter-municipal Helsinki Metropolitan Area Council (YTV) and planning, procuring and tendering functions of Helsinki City Transport (HKL, within the city of Helsinki) were moved into the transport authority. [3]

When it was founded, HSL had a revenue of over €500 million and approximately 350 employees.

Digitransit

In 2016, HSL started to develop a new version of its native journey planner, Reittiopas, originally released by YTV in 2001. The replacement intermodal public transport route planner, called Digitransit, is built on the open source OpenTripPlanner. Digitransit has been adopted by most public transport providers in Finland, [a] and also by the pan-Estonian journey planner, the German cities of Herrenberg, Ludwigsburg, Aachen and Pforzheim, and the Embark transit authority in Oklahoma City. [5]

Name

Valkky, a blue cube with a face and a cap, is the official mascot of the Helsinki Regional Transport Authority. Valkky.jpg
Välkky, a blue cube with a face and a cap, is the official mascot of the Helsinki Regional Transport Authority.

The official name of the transport authority is Helsingin seudun liikenne -kuntayhtymä HSL in Finnish and Samkommunen Helsingforsregionens trafik HRT in Swedish. The official name of HSL in English is Helsinki Regional Transport Authority. Also the shorter form of the name, Helsinki Region Transport (HSL) may be used in everyday use. [6]

Transportation

HSL oversees the operation of all public transportation in the Helsinki region. However, apart from select bus routes with electric units, the agency does not operate any rolling stock. Therefore, it relies mainly on independent contractors for the operation of the network.

Metro

The Helsinki Metro is operated by HKL. The metro line opened in 1982. The system serves 30 stations in total on its two lines, M1 and M2.

Länsimetro

The first phase of the Länsimetro expansion program extended the metro lines west to Lauttasaari and southern Espoo, serving eight new stations. The second phase of the extension opened in December 2022. At that time, the total number of metro stations on the line increased from 25 to 30.

Commuter rail

Commuter rail service in the region is operated by VR. There are 52 stations in the network, which are served by 15 lines. Out of HSL's three rail networks, commuter rail is the most far-reaching; it serves the northern, north-eastern, and western suburbs of the city, as well as Helsinki Airport in Vantaa.

Trams

Trams in Helsinki are operated by HKL. Helsinki was the only Finnish city with tram service in use from 1972, when tram services in Turku ended, until 2021, when the Tampere light rail was opened. Tram service in Helsinki began in 1891.

Buses

HSL offers three types of bus service: standard buses, neighbourhood buses and nine small headway crosstown lines ("runkolinja", literally: trunk lines).

HSL tickets are also valid on most U-routes which are run by separate companies and serve cities outside of the HSL area.

Ferry

A ferry to Suomenlinna is part of the HSL network. This route is operated on two ferries, Suokki and Suomenlinna II.

Bikeshare

In 2016 HSL launched Helsinki's bikeshare program. Starting on 2 May 2016, users could register to use the network for a day fee of €5, a week fee of €10 or the entire season from May to the end of October for €25. The initial network included 500 bikes, one of which a user could use to travel from any of the 50 stations to another.

The bikeshare system is a joint venture between CityBike Finland, HKL, and HSL. The system is sponsored by HOK-Elanto's grocery shop chain Alepa, which has purchased the commercial space on the bicycles. Due to this, the bicycles are colloquially known as alepapyörät (”Alepa bikes”).

In late 2016 HSL announced the details of a revamped bikeshare system, this time spanning 1,500 bikes and 150 stations. The expanded bike program brought the service to Munkkiniemi, Pasila, and Vallila. In addition to having 1,400 bikes and 140 stations in Helsinki, the service covered Matinkylä and Olari in Espoo with 100 bikes and 10 stations. The 2018 season saw a further-expanded network, with a total of 2,200 bikes at 220 stations, of which 70 are located in Espoo. The season fare was increased to €30. [7]

Ticketing

As of 27 April 2019, the HSL area is divided into four zones designated A, B, C and D, roughly circularly divided according to distance from the city centre of Helsinki. Customers are obligated to buy a ticket spanning at least two zones at a time; the exception to this is zone D, for which a single zone ticket is available. Available tickets include single, multi-journey, day and seasonal tickets, all of which can be bought using a travel card or from HSL's vending machines or mobile application. Additionally, single and day tickets may be bought aboard buses from the driver. [8]

HSL controls the sale and inspection of transit tickets. Apart from the bus network, all of HSL's services use a proof-of-payment system: there are no gates at metro and commuter rail stations or tram stops. Instead, passengers are required to present a valid ticket to fare inspectors, who randomly patrol the network. If caught without a valid ticket, a passenger must pay a fine of €100 in addition to the full price of the ticket. [9]

Zones

Organization

HSL is owned by the cities of Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa, Kerava, and Kauniainen and the municipalities of Kirkkonummi and Sipoo. In 2017, Tuusula [11] and Siuntio [12] voted to join HSL.

The other municipalities in the Greater Helsinki area (Järvenpää, Nurmijärvi, Mäntsälä, Pornainen, Hyvinkää, and Vihti) have the possibility of joining HSL in the future. About 1.3 million people live in the 14 municipalities of Greater Helsinki and the population is estimated to increase to approximately 1.5 million by the year 2030.

HSL's office is located in Opastinsilta 6 A, Helsinki.

Visual identity

HSL's logo for tram transportation Raitiovaunu HSL logo.png
HSL's logo for tram transportation

After the founding of HSL, the visual identity of all transportation services in Helsinki was unified under one brand name and logo. The HSL identity is heavily based on the color-coding of different elements to highlight the types of information presented; danger is represented in red, optional information in blue.

The visual identity of HSL was created by the design office Kokoro & Moi. [13] The designers have explained the concept as:

"The outlook shows reliability, freshness and ease of approaching. The octagonal shape of the logo is symbolizing the expanding public transportation network. The loops in the logo remind of leaf shoots, telling of new ways of action and new partnerships and of ecological values. The eight loops also represent all cardinal directions and are sending a message of the broad-ranged function of the organization. In the middle of the logo there are two graphical lines, symbolizing uniting organizations and the public transportation with its tracks, wheels and map lines."

Colours

The base colour for HSL is blue (#007AC9). [14] Each of the forms of transit are represented with a colour of its own.

The name of the colour RAL CMYK RGB (Hex)
HSL blueRAL 5015100, 32, 0, 00, 122, 201 (#007AC9)
HSL pinkRAL 30151, 50, 0, 0240, 146, 205 (#F092CD)
HSL Tram greenRAL 6024100, 0, 85, 00, 152, 95 (#00985F)
HSL Commuter train purpleRAL 400843, 90, 0, 10140, 71, 153 (#8C4799)
HSL Metro orangeRAL 20030, 78, 100, 0255, 99, 25 (#FF6319)
HSL Ferry blue76, 0, 5, 00, 185, 228 (#00B9E4)
Light rail turquoiseRAL 502196, 3, 35, 120, 126, 121 (#007E79)
Light green65, 0, 100, 0100, 190, 30 (#64BE1E)
Additional colours
Light Ferry blue23, 1, 0, 0190, 228, 248 (#BEE4F8)
Light pink2, 14, 0, 0244, 222, 234 (#F4DEEA)
Attention yellowRAL 10180, 10, 100, 0254, 209, 0 (#FED100)
Warning redRAL 30270, 97, 46, 0220, 4, 81 (#DC0451)

Fonts

Fonts used in HSL brand are Gotham Rounded and Gotham XNarrow. [15] The foremost font type is Gotham Rounded which is present in most of the materials. Gotham XNarrow is used less, mostly in advertisements, quotations, numberings and line listings.

Pictograms

HSL has its own collection of dedicated pictograms which follow the design guidelines. [16] They also offer a library for the ready-made pictograms that are used both in signposts and on the website as icons without the frame. [17]

Work

HSL's duty is to do its part in taking care of the functioning, economical aspects and caring of nature in greater Helsinki. This goal is achieved by promoting the usage of public transportation and by organizing affordable and well functioning public transportation services.

HSL takes care of planning the regional public transportation and internal public transportation of Helsinki, Espoo and Vantaa. Beside planning, HSL also tenders the bus companies. The organization owns no buses or rail rolling stock.

One of the agency's jobs is to compile the Helsinki Region Transport System Plan.

Criticism

New fare card readers

HSL began installing new fare card readers on public transportation vehicles in 2016. The new reader's interface was considered more difficult to use than the previous one, so HSL was advised to redesign the interface. Most of the criticism focused on the difficulty of using the device's OK button.

At the end of 2016, Yle reported HSL's decision to retain the interface. HSL's project manager, Satu Rönnqvist, explained the decision: "The old fare card readers have had many of these error selections, which result in thousands of compensation claims to HSL each year. These are being attempted to be reduced with this OK button."

In March 2017, Yle reported that HSL was still considering a new fare card reader interface. HSL's customer and sales manager, Mari Flink, said that the company was conducting user tests regarding the ease of use of fare card readers. After these user tests, in the fall of 2017, HSL made the validation of season tickets faster. [18]

Selection of new CEO

HSL's first CEO, Suvi Rihtniemi, retired and on November 3, 2020, Mika Nykänen was selected as her successor. Nykänen will come from the position of director of the Geological Survey of Finland and has no previous experience in public transportation. HSL's board voted on the selection and in the election HKL's CEO Ville Lehmuskoski and Nykänen both received seven votes, and the selection was then decided by drawing lots.

The selection of a new CEO in 2020 became politicized a few days before the selection. Mika Nykänen, who was selected for the position, has a long history in the National Coalition Party, and his selection as director of the Geological Survey of Finland has been considered political. Other candidates for the CEO position included HKL's CEO Ville Lehmuskoski, OnniBus.com's founder Pekka Möttö, and other veterans of the public transportation industry. [19]

Requirement for a smartphone and a certain operating system

In the summer of 2021, HSL (Helsinki Regional Transport Authority) decided that starting in 2022, students would only be able to receive discounts on fares purchased through the HSL mobile app. Student status would be automatically verified through the Ministry of Education's Koski service. Students whose information is not found in the Koski service, such as students of folk high schools, would be able to receive discounts on physical fare cards. HSL's decision was appealed to the administrative court, as receiving the student discount would require owning a smartphone if the student's information is found in the Koski service. The appeal also argued that the smartphone and its operating system must be sufficiently new for the HSL app to function. The phone's operating system must be Android or iOS. The Helsinki Administrative Court overturned HSL's decision, stating that students are entitled to receive discounts on physical fare cards in addition to the app. The decision was justified by ensuring equality. [20]

Notes

  1. ↑ In addition to the HSL region, Digitransit is used in Hämeenlinna, Joensuu, Jyväskylä, Kotka, Kouvola, Kuopio, Lahti, Lappeenranta, Mikkeli, Oulu, Pori, Raasepori, Rovaniemi, the Tampere region, the Turku region, and Vaasa.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transport in Finland</span>

The transport system of Finland is well-developed. Factors affecting traffic include the sparse population and long distance between towns and cities, and the cold climate with waterways freezing and land covered in snow for winter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helsinki Metropolitan Area Council</span>

The Helsinki Metropolitan Area Council was a co-operation agency operating in the Helsinki metropolitan area, now replaced by HSL and HSY. The organisation had a few responsibilities, most notably regional public transport and waste management. It was subordinated to the city councils of the four participating cities. Furthermore, transport cooperation also included neighboring municipalities of Kerava and Kirkkonummi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helsinki City Transport</span> City-owned public transport company

Helsinki City Transport or HKL was the official city-owned public transport company in Helsinki, Finland. It operates the Helsinki Metro. HKL's bus operations were merged with another city-owned company, Suomen Turistiauto, to form a new bus company called Helsingin Bussiliikenne, which has since been acquired by Koiviston Auto. Until the founding of HSL in January 2010, HKL was responsible for the planning and organization of all public transport in Helsinki. The majority of HKL's operations, excluding certain parts of the Metro operations, were corporatised and moved to Metropolitan Area Transport Ltd in February 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helsinki Metro</span> Rapid transit system in the Helsinki capital region

The Helsinki Metro is a rapid transit system serving the Helsinki capital region, Finland. It is the world's northernmost metro system. It was opened to the general public on 2 August 1982 after 27 years of planning. It is operated by Helsinki City Transport and Metropolitan Area Transport Ltd for Helsinki Regional Transport Authority and carries 92.6 million passengers per year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helsinki metropolitan area</span> Metropolitan area in Uusimaa, Finland

Helsinki metropolitan area or Greater Helsinki is the metropolitan area around Helsinki, the capital city of Finland. It also includes the smaller capital region. The terms Helsinki metropolitan area, Greater Helsinki, Capital region and the other terms used are not fixed and may vary in different contexts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trams in Helsinki</span> Overview of the tram network in Helsinki, Finland

Trams in Helsinki form part of the public transport system organised by Helsinki Regional Transport Authority and operated by Metropolitan Area Transport Ltd in Finland's capital city of Helsinki. The trams are the main means of transport in the city center, and 56.8 million trips were made on the system in 2019. In addition to the older tram network, there is a single light rail line that was opened in October 2023. Although technically compatible with the tram network, the light rail line is separate from the city center tram network.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Public transport in Helsinki</span>

Public transport in Helsinki consists of bus, tram, metro, local railway and ferry services. The system is managed by the Helsinki Regional Transport Authority and covers Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen, Vantaa and the outlying Kerava, Kirkkonummi, Sipoo and Tuusula.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mäkkylä railway station</span> Railway station in Espoo, Finland

Mäkkylä is a station on the VR commuter rail network, between the cities of Helsinki and Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Pitäjänmäki railway station and Leppävaara railway station and is about nine kilometres northwest of Helsinki Central railway station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pohjois-Haaga railway station</span> Railway station in Helsinki, Finland

Pohjois-Haaga railway station is a railway station on the Helsinki commuter rail network located in northern Helsinki, Finland. It is located about eight kilometres to the north/northwest of Helsinki Central railway station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siuntio railway station</span> Railway station in Siuntio, Finland

Siuntio railway station is a railway station in the municipality of Siuntio, Finland, between the stations of Kirkkonummi and Ingå.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vantaankoski railway station</span> Railway station in Vantaa, Finland

Vantaankoski railway station is a Helsinki commuter rail station located in Vantaa, Finland. It is approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of the Helsinki Central railway station.

As of 2009, Finland has used three models for local public transport. The implementation of these models was regulated by national laws of passenger transport, which were abolished after European Union regulations and laws of public transport service (869/2009) came into effect on December 3, 2009. The Finnish government-owned railways are regulated by specific laws. The local railways in Helsinki are regulated by the city's own laws and regulations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">JKOY Class Sm5</span> Class of Finnish electric multiple unit

The Sm5 electric multiple unit (EMU) is a low-floor train used on the Helsinki commuter rail network. Unlike other train types on the network, the Sm5 units are owned by Pääkaupunkiseudun Junakalusto Oy, a subsidiary of the cities of Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa and Kauniainen. The units are leased to the Helsinki Regional Transport Authority (HSL), and VR operates them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helsinki City Bikes</span> Finnish bicycle sharing system

Helsinki City Bikes is a public bicycle system in Helsinki and Espoo and integrating with the rest of the public transport in Helsinki since May 2016. It is operated as a public-private partnership between Helsinki Regional Transport Authority (HSL), Helsinki City Transport (HKL), Espoo Technical and Environment Services, Moventia and Smoove.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helsinki light rail line 15</span> Light rail line in Helsinki and Espoo, Finland

Helsinki light rail line 15 is a 25-kilometre (16 mi) light rail line connecting Keilaniemi in Espoo and Itäkeskus in Helsinki, Finland. Known during construction as Jokeri light rail, construction was started in June 2019 and the line began operating in October 2023, about 10 months ahead of the original schedule. The line replaced the trunk bus line 550, the busiest bus service on the Helsinki Regional Transport Authority public transport network, at the end of 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">VR commuter rail</span> Commuter rail system in Finland

VR commuter rail is a Finnish commuter rail system operated by VR – the national railway operator of Finland – under a public service obligation agreement with the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Finland. The operations are planned in trilateral co-operation between the ministry, the operator and various regional transport authorities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buses in Helsinki</span> Overview of bus services in Helsinki

Local and regional bus services are a large part of public transport in the Helsinki region. HSL bus services include internal services in Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen, Vantaa, Kerava, Kirkkonummi, Sipoo, Siuntio and Tuusula and regional services between them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metropolitan Area Transport Ltd</span> Public transport company in Helsinki, Finland

Metropolitan Area Transport Ltd is a Finnish city-owned transportation company responsible for operating the Helsinki tram network and parts of the Helsinki Metro for the Helsinki Regional Transport Authority. Its subsidiary Suomenlinnan Liikenne Oy operates the Suomenlinna ferry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helsinki capital region</span> Capital region of Finland

The Helsinki capital region is the area formed by the cities of Espoo, Helsinki, Kauniainen and Vantaa in Finland. The area is limited around Helsinki, the capital of Finland. The area is located in the southern part of Finland on the shores of the Gulf of Finland and is an important growth centre with a population of 1.26 million.

References

  1. ↑ "HSL työpaikkana | HSL". Archived from the original on 19 November 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  2. ↑ "Helsinki's first fully electric bus to hit the road in January". HSL. 17 January 2017. HSL exceptionally procures the Linkker buses itself, because it would have been unreasonable to place the technology risk on the operators.
  3. 1 2 "HSL Helsingin seudun liikenne - About HSL". Archived from the original on 19 January 2010. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
  4. ↑ "FINLEX ® - Ajantasainen lainsäädäntö: Kumottu säädös Joukkoliikennelaki (Kumottu) 869/2009".
  5. ↑ "Digitransit main page". Archived from the original on 15 December 2024. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  6. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 December 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ↑ "City bikes". HSL. Archived from the original on 22 June 2017. Retrieved 10 February 2018.
  8. ↑ "Tickets and fares" . Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  9. ↑ "Penalty fare". HSL. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  10. ↑ Lehtokari, Rosa (20 December 2023). "Nyt se on varmaa: Järvenpäästä ei tule HSL-kaupunkia". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  11. ↑ "Tuusula tulee mukaan HSL:ään". HSL (in Finnish). Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  12. ↑ "Siuntio päätti HSL:ään liittymisestä". HSL (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 12 September 2017. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
  13. ↑ "Home — Kokoro & Moi". Kokoro & Moi. Archived from the original on 21 February 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  14. ↑ "Värit". HSL (in Finnish). Retrieved 20 September 2022.
  15. ↑ "Typografia". Tyyliopas HSL (in Finnish). Retrieved 20 September 2022.
  16. ↑ "Piktogrammit". Tyyliopas HSL (in Finnish). Retrieved 20 September 2022.
  17. ↑ "Piktogrammikirjasto". Tyyliopas HSL (in Finnish). Retrieved 20 September 2022.
  18. ↑ "HSL:n matkakortinlukijassa säilyy haukuttu OK-nappi". Yleuutiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 24 January 2023.
  19. ↑ "Kokematon Mika Nykänen ohitti joukkoliikennekonkarin arvalla HSL:n johtajan valinnassa – miten uusi pomo kehittää 1,5 miljoonan ihmisen liikkumista?". Yleuutiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 24 January 2023.
  20. ↑ "HSL:n päätös opiskelija-alennuksesta todettiin lainvastaiseksi – etu on saatava myös fyysiselle kortille". Yleuutiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 24 January 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.