Heterastridium

Last updated

Heterastridium
Syringosphaeridae.jpg
Some Karakorum stones (labelled as Stoliczkaria and Syringosphaera)
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Order: Anthoathecata
Suborder: Anthoathecata incertae sedis
Family: Heterastridiidae
Frech, 1890
Genus: Heterastridium
Reuss, 1865

Heterastridium is an extinct genus of marine hydrozoan. It is the only accepted genus in the monotypic family Heterastridiidae. The fossils date from the Upper Triassic. They are mostly discoid or spherical and some forms found in the Karakorum mountains are called Karakorum stones. [1] They vary in diameter from 1 to 35 cm and appear to follow Cope's rule for the prehistoric climate.

Related Research Articles

Camelotia is a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Late Triassic or Early Jurassic in what is now England. Paleontologists are divided on which family it may belong to; in the past, Camelotia has generally been assigned to the prosauropods, but this group of primitive dinosaurs is in constant flux. The genus is now considered a member of the family Melanorosauridae, who includes the first true giant herbivorous dinosaurs.

Velocipes is a saurischian dinosaur genus from the Late Triassic that may have been a theropod. Its fossils were found in the Norian-age Lissauer Breccia of southern Poland.

<i>Termatosaurus</i> Extinct genus of reptiles

Termatosaurus is a genus of archosaur known from several specimens spanning two species. Its remains come from the Upper Triassic and was once thought to have survived until the Early Jurassic, but the Jurassic remains were redescribed as plesiosaur remains. It has only been found in France, England, Germany and Switzerland. and two species are known of this animal: the type species, Termatosaurus albertii, named by Meyer and T. Plieninger in 1844; and T. crocodilinus, by Quenstedt (1858). It is very obscure and apparently considered to be dubious.

<i>Cherninia</i> Extinct genus of amphibians

Cherninia is an extinct genus of mastodonsaurid temnospondyl. The type species, Cherninia denwai, is known from the Denwa Formation of India. It is based on a massive skull, ISI A 54, which was originally considered a species of Parotosuchus in 1998 before being given its own genus in 2001.

<i>Compsocerops</i> Extinct genus of amphibians

Compsocerops is an extinct genus of temnospondyl amphibians recovered from the Late Triassic Upper Maleri Formation of India, and the Santa Maria Formation of Brazil.

<i>Xenotosuchus</i> Extinct genus of amphibians

Xenotosuchus is an extinct genus of mastodonsaurid temnospondyl within the family Mastodonsauridae known from the Triassic of South Africa. The genus is based on a skull originally described as Parotosuchus, an animal which it resembled in general build and habit.

Coahomasuchus is an extinct genus of aetosaurine stagonolepidid aetosaur. Remains of the genus have been found from deposits in Texas and North Carolina that date to the Otischalkian faunachron of the Late Triassic. It was small for an aetosaur, being less than 1.5 metres long. The dorsal plates are distinctively flat and unflexed, and have a faint sub-parallel to radial ornamentation. The genus lacked spines or keels on these plates, features seen in many other aetosaurs. Coahomasuchus was very similar in appearance to the closely related Aetosaurus.

Euscolosuchus is an extinct genus of suchian closely related to crocodylomorphs. Fossils have been found from the Tomahawk Creek Member of the Turkey Branch Formation outcropping in east-central Virginia. The locality from which the material was found dates back to the early Carnian stage of the Late Triassic, based on palynological studies. These strata are known for the abundance of fossil material belonging to tetrapod vertebrates in relation to other sites of the Newark Supergroup in the Richmond Basin that generally lack such material. The site is unique among others in the supergroup and closely resembles localities in the southern hemisphere, as is suggested by the presence of numerous fossils of traversodont cynodonts found from the area. Other tetrapods present include procolophonians, chiniquodontids, and sphenodonts.

Rioarribasuchus is a genus of aetosaur. Fossils have been found from the Chinle Formation in Arizona and New Mexico that date back to the upper Late Carnian stage of the Late Triassic.

Parrishia is an extinct genus of sphenosuchian crocodylomorph known from the Late Triassic Chinle, Dockum, and Santa Rosa Formations in Arizona and New Mexico.

Tecovasuchus is an extinct genus of aetosaur. It is known primarily from osteoderms found from the Tecovas Formation in Texas, which is Late Triassic in age, dating back to the upper Carnian. Material is also known from several other localities of the Chinle Group in New Mexico and Arizona. Specimens of Tecovasuchus have been collected from the Tecovas Formation, the Bluewater Creek Formation, and the Los Esteros Member of the Santa Rosa Formation.

<i>Trucidocynodon</i> Extinct genus of cynodonts

Trucidocynodon is an extinct genus of ecteniniid cynodonts from Upper Triassic of Brazil. It contains a single species, Trucidocynodon riograndensis. Fossils of Trucidocynodon were discovered in Santa Maria Formation outcrops in Paleorrota geopark Agudo. T. riograndensis was similar to Ecteninion lunensis from the Upper Triassic Ischigualasto formation of Argentina, but differed in several respects, including its larger size. It is known from a nearly complete holotype skeleton as well as a referred skull. The holotype skeleton had an estimated length of 1.2 meters, while the referred skull was 17% larger than that of the holotype. Trucidocynodon is considered one of the largest known carnivorous cynodonts from the Triassic, as well as one of the largest probainognathians in the entire Mesozoic.

Elliotherium is an extinct genus of cynodonts which existed in South Africa during the upper Triassic period. The type species is Elliotherium kersteni, named after the Elliot Formation in which the fossils were found.

Rewaconodon is an extinct genus of dromatheriid cynodonts which existed in India during the upper Triassic period. It is known from two species: R. tikiensis and R. indicus, both of which were found in the Tiki Formation. Other, undescribed species may have lived in North America.

Sikannisuchus is an extinct genus of large archosaur from upper Triassic deposits of northeastern British Columbia, Canada. It is known from the holotype, TMP 94.382.3, a posterior portion of skull roof and from other fragmentary remains. It was found from four localities of the Pardonet Formation, near the community of Sikanni Chief. It was first named by Elizabeth L. Nicholls, Donald B. Brinkman, and Xiao-Chun Wu in 1998 and the type species is Sikannisuchus huskyi.

Nambalia is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur. It lived during the Late Triassic period in what is now Telangana, central India. It is known from the holotype ISI R273, parts 1-3, partially articulated postcranial material and from the paratypes ISI R273, parts 4-29, including partial postcrania of at least two individuals of different sizes found closely associated and one of them is nearly the same size as the holotype.

Pascualgnathus is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic of Argentina. Fossils have been found from the Río Seco de la Quebrada Formation of the Puesto Viejo Group. The type species P. polanskii was named in 1966.

Apachesuchus is an extinct genus of aetosaur from the Late Triassic of Quay County, eastern New Mexico.

Oryctorhynchus is an extinct genus of rhynchosaur from the Late Triassic (Carnian-Norian)-aged Wolfville Formation of Nova Scotia, Canada. The type species, O. bairdi, was named and described in 2020. It was originally seen as a species of Hyperodapedon until 2020.

References

  1. Erik Flügel (1960) Heterastridium conglobatum conglobatum Reuss, an Upper Triassic Hydrozoan from the Petra-Tou-Roumiou Limestone of Pendakomo, Cyprus. Journal of Paleontology 34(1):127-132