The nene, also known as the nēnē or the Hawaiian goose, is a species of bird endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. The nene is exclusively found in the wild on the islands of Oahu, Maui, Kauaʻi, Molokai, and Hawaiʻi. In 1957, it was designated as the official state bird of the state of Hawaiʻi.
The Hawaiian crow or ʻalalā is a species of bird in the crow family, Corvidae, that is currently extinct in the wild, though reintroduction programs are underway. It is about the size of the carrion crow at 48–50 cm (19–20 in) in length, but with more rounded wings and a much thicker bill. It has soft, brownish-black plumage and long, bristly throat feathers; the feet, legs and bill are black. Today, the Hawaiian crow is considered the most endangered of the family Corvidae. They are recorded to have lived up to 18 years in the wild, and 28 years in captivity. Some Native Hawaiians consider the Hawaiian crow an ʻaumakua.
Located about 2300 miles (3680 km) from the nearest continental shore, the Hawaiian Islands are the most isolated group of islands on the planet. The plant and animal life of the Hawaiian archipelago is the result of early, very infrequent colonizations of arriving species and the slow evolution of those species—in isolation from the rest of the world's flora and fauna—over a period of at least 5 million years. As a consequence, Hawai'i is home to a large number of endemic species. The radiation of species described by Charles Darwin in the Galapagos Islands which was critical to the formulation of his theory of evolution is far exceeded in the more isolated Hawaiian Islands.
A crow is a bird of the genus Corvus, or more broadly a synonym for all of Corvus. The word "crow" is used as part of the common name of many species. The related term "raven" is not linked scientifically to any certain trait, but is rather a general grouping for larger species of Corvus.
The ʻāmaui or Oahu thrush was a subspecies of the olomaʻo endemic to the island of Oahu. It was the first member of its genus to become extinct, c. 1850. Some taxonomic authorities consider it a distinct species, but the International Ornithological Congress presently classifies it as a subspecies of M. lanaiensis.
The kioea was a endemic Hawaiian bird that became extinct around the mid-19th century.
The Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō is a member of the extinct genus of the ʻōʻōs (Moho) within the extinct family Mohoidae. It was previously regarded as member of the Australo-Pacific honeyeaters (Meliphagidae).
Phyllostegia is a genus of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae, first described in 1840. It is native to certain islands in the Pacific .. Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis, became extinct before 2021 and was delisted from the Endangered Species Act based on extinction.
- Phyllostegia ambigua(A.Gray) Hillebr - Hawaii Big Island, Maui
- Phyllostegia bracteataSherff - Maui
- Phyllostegia brevidensA.Gray - Hawaii Big Island, Maui
- Phyllostegia electraC.N.Forbes - Kauai
- Phyllostegia floribundaBenth - Hawaii Big Island
- Phyllostegia glabra (Gaudich.) Benth. - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia grandiflora(Gaudich.) Benth - Oahu
- Phyllostegia haliakalaeWawra - Maui, Molokai
- Phyllostegia helleriSherff - Wai'alae Valley of Kauai
- †Phyllostegia hillebrandiiH.Mann ex Hillebr - Maui but extinct
- Phyllostegia hirsutaBenth. - Oahu
- Phyllostegia hispidaHillebr. - Molokai
- Phyllostegia kaalaensisH.St.John - Oahu
- Phyllostegia kahiliensisH.St.John - Kauai
- Phyllostegia knudseniiHillebr. - Kauai
- Phyllostegia macrophylla(Gaudich.) Benth. - Hawaii Big Island, Maui
- Phyllostegia manniiSherff - Molokai, Maui
- Phyllostegia micranthaH.St.John - Oahu
- Phyllostegia mollisBenth. - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia parvifloraBenth. - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia pilosaH.St.John - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia racemosaBenth. - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia renovansW.L.Wagner - Kauai
- †Phyllostegia rockiiSherff - Maui but extinct
- Phyllostegia stachyoidesA.Gray - Hawaiian Islands
- †Phyllostegia tahitensisNadeaud - Tahiti but extinct
- Phyllostegia tongaensisH.St.John - Tonga
- †Phyllostegia variabilisBitter - Midway Islands but extinct
- Phyllostegia velutina(Sherff) H.St.John - Hawaii Big Island
- Phyllostegia vestitaBenth. - Hawaii Big Island
- Phyllostegia waimeaeWawra - Kauai
- Phyllostegia warshaueriH.St.John - Hawaii Big Island
- Phyllostegia wawranaSherff - Kauai
- Phyllostegia × yamaguchiiHosaka & O.Deg. - Oahu (P. glabra × P. hirsuta)
Achatinella apexfulva is a reportedly extinct species of colorful, tropical, arboreal pulmonate land snail in the family Achatinellidae, once present on Oahu, Hawaii. A. apexfulva is the type species of the genus Achatinella. The specific name, apexfulva, meaning "yellow-tipped", refers to the yellow tip of the snail's shell. Inspired from the taxon, the species has been given common names such as yellow-tipped Oʻahu tree snail or Hawaiian yellow-tipped tree snail.
The highland finch is an extinct member of the Fringillidae and a Hawaiian honeycreeper which is known only from a few bones found in caves. It is the only member of the genus Orthiospiza. It was endemic to the high-elevation areas of Mount Haleakalā on the Hawaiian island of Maui. It has been speculated that they were pushed to extinction because of habitat loss. It is known only from fossil remains and likely became extinct before the first Europeans arrived in 1778.
The Kauai finch is an extinct bird in the genus Telespiza of the family Fringillidae. It was endemic to the Hawaiian islands of Kauai and Oahu. It is only known from fossil remains and likely became extinct before the first Europeans visited Hawaii in 1778.
The primitive koa finch is an extinct species of Hawaiian honeycreeper in the subfamily Carduelinae of the family Fringillidae. It is known from fossils on the islands of Maui and Oʻahu in Hawaii.
Hawaiian honeycreepers are a group of small birds endemic to Hawaiʻi. They are members of the finch family Fringillidae, closely related to the rosefinches (Carpodacus), but many species have evolved features unlike those present in any other finch. Their great morphological diversity is the result of adaptive radiation in an insular environment. Many have been driven to extinction since the first humans arrived in Hawaii, with extinctions increasing over the last 2 centuries following European discovery of the islands, with habitat destruction and especially invasive species being the main causes.
Thambetochen is an extinct genus of moa-nalo duck. It contains two species, the Maui Nui moa-nalo and the smaller O'ahu moa-nalo.
The Hawaiian stilt is an endangered Hawaiian subspecies of the black-necked stilt species. It is a long-legged, slender shorebird with a long, thin beak. Other common names include the Hawaiian black-necked stilt, the aeʻo, the kukuluaeʻo, or it may be referred to as the Hawaiian subspecies of the black-necked stilt.
The robust crow or slender-billed crow was a species of large, raven-sized crow that was endemic to the islands of Oahu and Molokai in the Hawaiian Islands during the Holocene. C. viriosus was frugivorous and was adapted for this with a long, slender bill. It was pushed to extinction due to the arrival of people and pests like rats.
