Hoquiam River

Last updated
Hoquiam River
Hoquiam River (July 2016).jpg
Hoquiam River
USA Washington relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Location of the mouth of the Hoquiam River in Washington
Usa edcp relief location map.png
Red pog.svg
Hoquiam River (the United States)
Location
Country United States
State Washington
County Grays Harbor
Physical characteristics
SourceConfluence of West Fork and East Fork
  location Willapa Hills
  coordinates 47°1′55″N123°55′7″W / 47.03194°N 123.91861°W / 47.03194; -123.91861 [1]
Mouth Grays Harbor
  coordinates
46°58′12″N123°52′41″W / 46.97000°N 123.87806°W / 46.97000; -123.87806 Coordinates: 46°58′12″N123°52′41″W / 46.97000°N 123.87806°W / 46.97000; -123.87806 [1]
  elevation
0 ft (0 m)
Length6 mi (9.7 km) [1]
Basin size98 sq mi (250 km2) [2]

The Hoquiam River is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington. It has three main tributaries, the East Fork, West Fork, and Middle Fork Hoquiam Rivers. The main stem Hoquiam River is formed by the confluence of the West and East Forks. The Middle Fork is a tributary of the West Fork. [3]

Contents

Most of the river's watershed lies within the Weyerhaeuser Twin Harbors Tree Farm. [4] The City of Hoquiam owns 7,500 acres (30 km2) of the watershed, including reservoirs on Davis Creek and the West Fork Hoquiam River. This reserve system serves as the source to meet Hoquiam's municipal water needs. [2]

Along with neighboring watersheds, the Hoquiam River flows through one of the most biomass-productive zones in the world and an important forestry region. Most of the original and second-growth forests have been cut. Douglas-fir plantations have been established through the area. [2]

Its name comes from a Native American word meaning "hungry for wood", so named from the great amount of driftwood at the mouth of the river. [5]

Course

The Hoquiam River rises in Grays Harbor County. It flows generally north to Hoquiam, where it empties into Grays Harbor, an estuary of the Pacific Ocean. The river has several significant tributaries, including the North, East, and Middle Forks, the Little Hoquiam River, and the North Fork Little Hoquiam River. These various tributaries unite near the coast, making the main stem Hoquiam River fairly short, relative to its tributaries.

The East, West, and Middle Forks all originate north of Grays Harbor and flow generally north. The East Fork Hoquiam River is the longest, at 22 mi (35 km) long. It joins the West Fork to form the main stem Hoquiam River near Hoquiam and Aberdeen. [6] The West Fork and Middle Fork are both 9 mi (14 km) long. The West Fork is paralleled by U.S. Route 101. It joins the East Fork to form the main stem Hoquiam River. The Middle Fork is a tributary of the West Fork. [7] [8]

The main stem Hoquiam River, formed by the confluence of the East and West Forks, flows generally west for 6 mi (9.7 km) before emptying into Grays Harbor. [1]

Other tributaries include the Little Hoquiam River, which originates west of Hoquiam and flows east for 6 mi (9.7 km) before joining the West Fork Hoquiam River just upstream from the confluence of the West and East Forks. [9] The Little Hoquiam River's main tributary is the North Fork Little Hoquiam River, which is approximately as long as the Little Hoquiam River itself. [10] [11]

Natural history

The Hoquiam River and its tributaries support runs of Chinook, chum and coho salmon, steelhead, and sea-run coastal cutthroat trout. Barriers such as culverts have been removed or replaced in recent years, allowing fish to migrate upstream farther and more easily. [12]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chehalis River (Washington)</span> River in Washington state, United States

The Chehalis River is a river in Washington in the United States. It originates in several forks in southwestern Washington, flows east, then north, then west, in a large curve, before emptying into Grays Harbor, an estuary of the Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salmon River (Idaho)</span> River in Idaho, United States

The Salmon River, also known as "The River of No Return", is a river located in the U.S. state of Idaho in the western United States. It flows for 425 miles (685 km) through central Idaho, draining a rugged, thinly populated watershed of 14,000 square miles (36,000 km2). The river drops more than 7,000 feet (2,100 m) from its headwaters, near Galena Summit above the Sawtooth Valley in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area, to its confluence with the Snake River. Measured at White Bird, its average discharge is 11,060 cubic feet per second. The Salmon River is the longest undammed river in the contiguous United States and the longest within a single state outside Alaska.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Newaukum River</span> River in Washington, United States

The Newaukum River is a tributary of the Chehalis River in the U.S. state of Washington. It has three main branches, the North Fork, South Fork, and Middle Fork Newaukum Rivers. The length of the three forks and the mainstem river is 56.7 miles (91.2 km).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feather River</span> River in California, United States

The Feather River is the principal tributary of the Sacramento River, in the Sacramento Valley of Northern California. The river's main stem is about 73 miles (117 km) long. Its length to its most distant headwater tributary is just over 210 miles (340 km). The main stem Feather River begins in Lake Oroville, where its four long tributary forks join—the South Fork, Middle Fork, North Fork, and West Branch Feather Rivers. These and other tributaries drain part of the northern Sierra Nevada, and the extreme southern Cascades, as well as a small portion of the Sacramento Valley. The total drainage basin is about 6,200 square miles (16,000 km2), with approximately 3,604 square miles (9,330 km2) above Lake Oroville.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little Pigeon River (Tennessee)</span> River in Tennessee, United States

The Little Pigeon River is a river located entirely within Sevier County, Tennessee. It rises from a series of streams which flow together on the dividing ridge between the states of Tennessee and North Carolina, with most of the flow from inside the boundary of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The river has three main forks or prongs, East, Middle, and West.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Skokomish River</span> River in the United States

The Skokomish River is a river in Mason County, Washington, United States. It is the largest river flowing into Hood Canal, a western arm of Puget Sound. From its source at the confluence of the North and South Forks the main stem Skokomish River is approximately 9 miles (14 km) long. The longer South Fork Skokomish River is 40 miles (64 km), making the length of the whole river via its longest tributary about 49 miles (79 km). The North Fork Skokomish River is approximately 34 miles (55 km) long. A significant part of the Skokomish River's watershed is within Olympic National Forest and Olympic National Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cherry Creek (Tuolumne River tributary)</span> River in California, United States

Cherry Creek is a large, swift-flowing stream in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, and is the largest tributary of the Tuolumne River. The creek is 40 miles (64 km) long measured to its farthest headwaters; the main stem itself is 26 miles (42 km) long, draining a watershed of 234 square miles (610 km2) in the Stanislaus National Forest. Part of the drainage also extends into the northwest corner of Yosemite National Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Humptulips River</span> River in Washington, United States

The Humptulips River is a river in Grays Harbor County, Washington, in the United States. Its main tributaries are the East Fork Humptulips River, about 20 miles (32 km) long (32 km), and West Fork Humptulips River, about 30 miles (48 km) long (48 km). After the forks join, the main river is approximately 20 miles (32 km) long.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glady Fork</span> River in West Virginia, United States

Glady Fork is a 31.9-mile-long (51.3 km) river in the Allegheny Mountains of eastern West Virginia, USA. It is considered one of the five principal headwaters tributaries of the Cheat River — known as the Forks of Cheat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wheeling Creek (West Virginia)</span> River in West Virginia, United States

Wheeling Creek is a tributary of the Ohio River, 25 miles (40 km) long, in the Northern Panhandle of West Virginia in the United States, with a watershed extending into southwestern Pennsylvania. Via the Ohio River, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of approximately 300 square miles (780 km2) on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau. It flows into the Ohio River in downtown Wheeling, just downstream of Ohio's Wheeling Creek on the opposite bank. A variant name is Big Wheeling Creek. According to the French explorer Pierre Joseph Céloron de Blainville, the native name of the stream is the Kanououara River, as was inscribed on the lead plate buried at the mouth by the Ohio River in 1749.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sol Duc River</span> River in Washington, United States

The Sol Duc River is a river in the U.S. state of Washington. About 78 miles (126 km) long, it flows west through the northwest part of the Olympic Peninsula, from the Olympic Mountains of Olympic National Park and Olympic National Forest, then through the broad Sol Duc Valley. Near the Pacific Ocean the Sol Duc River joins the Bogachiel River, forming the Quillayute River, which flows about 4 miles (6.4 km) to the Pacific Ocean at La Push. Although the Quillayute River is short, its large tributary rivers—the Sol Duc, Bogachiel, Calawah, and Dickey Rivers—drain the largest watershed of the northern Olympic Peninsula, 629 square miles (1,630 km2). The Sol Duc's watershed is the largest of the Quillayute's tributaries, at 219 square miles (570 km2).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ash Creek (Polk County, Oregon)</span> Stream in Oregon, United States of America

Ash Creek is a short stream in Polk County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. Formed by the merger of its north and middle forks near Monmouth, it flows generally east to meet the Willamette River at Independence. The creek passes under Oregon Route 51 just before entering the river. The creek's mouth is about 95 miles (153 km) upstream of the Willamette's confluence with the Columbia River.

The Palix River is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington. Its tributaries include three forks, North, Middle, and South Fork Palix River, as well as the Canon River. The river's length, including the Canon River, its longest tributary, is approximately 14 miles (23 km).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Satsop River</span> River in Washington, United States

The Satsop River is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington. It has three main tributary forks, the East Fork, West Fork, and Middle Fork Satsop Rivers. The main stem Satsop River is formed by the confluence of the West and East Forks. The Middle Fork is a tributary of the East Fork. The three forks are much longer than the main stem Satsop itself, which flows south from the confluence only a few miles to join the Chehalis River near Satsop, Washington. Other significant tributaries include the Canyon River and Little River, both tributaries of the West Fork Satsop, and Decker Creek, a tributary of the East Fork Satsop River. The Satsop River's major tributaries originate in the Olympic Mountains and its southern foothills, the Satsop Hills, within Grays Harbor and Mason counties. Most of the Satsop River's watershed consists of heavily wooded hill lands. The upper tributaries extend into Olympic National Forest, approaching but not quite reaching Olympic National Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dickey River</span> River in Washington, United States

The Dickey River is a stream on the Olympic Peninsula in the U.S. state of Washington. It has three main forks, the East Fork, West Fork, and Middle Fork Dickey Rivers. The main stem is formed by the confluence of the East and West Forks. The river and its forks rise in the northwestern part of the Olympic Peninsula and flow generally south and west to join the Quillayute River near its mouth on the Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jemez River</span> River in New Mexico, United States

The Jemez River is a tributary of the Rio Grande in eastern Sandoval County, New Mexico, United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Fork Coquille River</span> River in Oregon, United States

The North Fork Coquille River is a 53-mile (85 km) tributary of the Coquille River in the southern Oregon Coast Range in the U.S. state of Oregon. It begins at an elevation of about 1,700 feet (520 m) above sea level and drops to 13 feet (4.0 m) near Myrtle Point, where it joins the South Fork Coquille River to form the main stem.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reedy Creek (West Virginia)</span> River in West Virginia, United States

Reedy Creek is a tributary of the Little Kanawha River in western West Virginia in the United States. Via the Little Kanawha and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 133 square miles (340 km2) in a rural region on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau. It is 22.6 miles (36.4 km) long, or 38.5 miles (62.0 km) long including its Left Fork.

The White River is a 16-mile (26 km) tributary of the Salt River in the U.S. state of Arizona. Formed by two forks that drain part of the White Mountains, it begins in Navajo County and ends in Gila County, where it meets the Black River to form the Salt River.

The Raft River is a stream located entirely within the Quinault Indian Reservation in Grays Harbor County, on the Olympic Peninsula, in the U.S. state of Washington. The river and its tributaries flow west from the Olympic Mountains and empty into the Pacific Ocean. It is situated a few miles north of the Quinault River and a few miles south of the Queets River.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Hoquiam River
  2. 1 2 3 "Hoquiam River". Chehalis River Council. Archived from the original on 28 August 2008. Retrieved 6 July 2009.
  3. "Water Resources Data-Washington Water Year 2005; Chehalis and Humptulips River Basins" (PDF). United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 6 July 2009.
  4. Washington Road & Recreation Atlas (Fourth ed.). Benchmark Maps. 2007. ISBN   978-0-929591-98-8.
  5. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp.  161.
  6. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: East Fork Hoquiam River
  7. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: West Fork Hoquiam River
  8. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Middle Fork Hoquiam River
  9. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Little Hoquiam River
  10. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: North Fork Little Hoquiam River
  11. General course info mainly from USGS topographic maps accessed via the "GNIS in Google Map" feature of the USGS Geographic Names Information System website.
  12. "Habitat Projects in the Hoquiam River Watershed". Chehalis Basin Fisheries Task Force. Archived from the original on 2008-08-20.