ICAR Comercial

Last updated
I.C.A.R. 36 Comercial
ICAR-Comercial-0820.jpg
RolePassenger aircraft
National origin Germany & Romania
Manufacturer Întreprinderea de Construcții Aeronautice Românești (ICAR)
Designer Willy Messerschmitt
First flight 1934
Introduction1936
Primary user LARES
Number built1 [1]

The ICAR 36 / ICAR Comercial (sic), variously also known as the ICAR M 36, Messerschmitt M 36 or BFW M.36, was a Messerschmitt design built and tested by the Romanian company ICAR in the mid-1930s. It was a small, single-engine high-wing airliner, the first civil transport aircraft built in Romania.

Contents

Design & development

In April 1933, Erhard Milch, previously head of Deutsche Luft Hansa, was appointed Secretary of State for Air. Relations between Milch and Willy Messerschmitt had been bad ever since the cancellation and later re-ordering of the BFW M.20 by Luft Hansa, and the future of orders for BFW looked bleak. That summer, a visit was made to Romania, where an order was placed by Întreprinderea de Construcții Aeronautice Românești (ICAR) for the design of a small airliner, to be built by them in Romania. ICAR designated it the ICAR 36; Messerschmitt, working at BFW referred to it as the M 36. [2]

Description

The ICAR 36 was a high-wing cantilever monoplane of mixed construction, with a closed cockpit, single engine, and fixed landing gear. It had a welded steel tube fuselage, covered with plywood, and tapered single-spar, plywood-covered wings. The crew of two sat in the cockpit, forward of the wing, which was equipped with a radio and could be fitted with twin controls. The cabin for six passengers, with wide rectangular windows and access doors at the rear, was aft and below the cockpit / wings. There were also two baggage compartments. [2]

I.C.A.R.-Comercial 3v.gif

One aircraft (YR-ACS) was built, later modified with a cabin for five passengers and two luggage compartments. Initially intended to be powered by a licence-built 340 kW (450 hp) Gnome & Rhône 7K radial engine, the aircraft was eventually fitted with a 280 kW (380 hp) Armstrong Siddeley Serval I ten-cylinder radial engine in a NACA cowling., [1] which was, in turn, replaced with a 220 kW (300 hp) Lorraine 7M Mizar 47, driving a three-bladed propeller. [2] The fixed landing gear was supported by long faired vertical struts to the wings, with teardrop spats over the mainwheels and a tailwheel at the end of the fuselage.

A tri-motor development was planned, but not realized.

Operational history

Only one aircraft was built, operated by LARES on several internal routes including the Bucharest to Cernauti route. [2]

Operators

Flag of Romania.svg  Romania

Specifications (I.C.A.R. 36 Comercial)

Data from [2]

General characteristics

Performance

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

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References

  1. 1 2 Bernád, Dénes. "Rumania's Aircraft Production. The First Twenty-Five Years". Aviatia. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Smith, J Richard (1971). Messerschmitt an aircraft album. London: Ian Allan. ISBN   0-7110-0224-X.

Further reading