Icelandic municipal elections, 2018

Last updated April 09, 2019

Municipal elections took place in Iceland on 26 May 2018.^[1]^[2] 71 of the 72 municipal councils in the country were elected using open list PR.^[3] The rural municipality Tjörneshreppur did not hold an election as only one list was presented, whose candidates were thereby automatically elected.^[4] Two of the municipal councils were for new municipalities created after mergers.^[5]

The municipalities of Iceland are local administrative areas in Iceland that provide a number of services to their inhabitants such as kindergartens, elementary schools, waste management, social services, public housing, public transportation, services to senior citizens and handicapped people. They also govern zoning and can voluntarily take on additional functions if they have the budget for it. The autonomy of municipalities over their own matters is guaranteed by the Icelandic constitution.

Open list describes any variant of party-list proportional representation where voters have at least some influence on the order in which a party's candidates are elected. This as opposed to closed list, which allows only active members, party officials, or consultants to determine the order of its candidates and gives the general voter no influence at all on the position of the candidates placed on the party list. Additionally, an open list system allows voters to select individuals rather than parties. Different systems give voter different amounts of influence. Voter's choice is usually called preference vote.

Proportional representation (PR) characterizes electoral systems in which divisions in an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. If n% of the electorate support a particular political party, then roughly n% of seats will be won by that party. The essence of such systems is that all votes contribute to the result - not just a plurality, or a bare majority. The most prevalent forms of proportional representation all require the use of multiple-member voting districts, as it is not possible to fill a single seat in a proportional manner. In fact, the implementations of PR that achieve the highest levels of proportionality tend to include districts with large numbers of seats.

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References

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[1] ttps://kosningasaga.wordpress.com/sveitarstjornarkosningar/sveitarstjornarkosningar-2018-frettayfirlit

[2] ttps://framsokn.is/event/sveitarstjornarkosningar-2018

[3] ttps://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2018/05/26/kosid_til_sveitarstjorna_i_dag/

[4] ttps://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2018/05/26/litil_stemning_fyrir_kosningum/

[5] ttps://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2018/05/26/kosid_til_sveitarstjorna_i_dag/

v t e Elections and referendums in Iceland
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