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The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC). It was adopted at a diplomatic conference in Rome, Italy on 17 July 1998 and it entered into force on 1 July 2002. As of January 2025, 125 states are party to the statute. Among other things, it establishes court function, jurisdiction and structure.
The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), or the Genocide Convention, is an international treaty that criminalizes genocide and obligates state parties to pursue the enforcement of its prohibition. It was the first legal instrument to codify genocide as a crime, and the first human rights treaty unanimously adopted by the United Nations General Assembly, on 9 December 1948, during the third session of the United Nations General Assembly. The Convention entered into force on 12 January 1951 and has 153 state parties as of June 2024.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime is a United Nations office that was established in 1997 as the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention by combining the United Nations International Drug Control Program (UNDCP) and the Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division in the United Nations Office at Vienna, adopting the current name in 2002.
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The United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice is a United Nations (UN) sponsored congress on the topics of crime, crime prevention and criminal justice, held every five years. It is organized by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Participants of the Congress include UN Member States and Observers, international organizations, non-governmental organization and individual experts.
The Crimes Against Humanity Initiative is a rule of law research and advocacy project of the Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute. Started in 2008 by Professor Leila Nadya Sadat, the Initiative has as its goals the study of the need for a comprehensive international convention on the prevention and punishment of crimes against humanity, the analysis of the necessary elements of such a convention, and the drafting of a proposed treaty. To date, the Initiative has held several experts' meetings and conferences, published a Proposed Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Humanity, and resulted in the publication of an edited volume, Forging a Convention for Crimes Against Humanity, by Cambridge University Press. The draft treaty is now available in seven languages. The UN International Law Commission produced its own, similar, set of Draft Articles on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Humanity, and a proposed treaty is now being debated by governments around the world.
The Africa Group for Justice and Accountability (AGJA) is an international, non-governmental group made up of public figures, academics, lawyers and human rights advocates. Its stated purpose is to advocate for justice and accountability for international crimes.
The International Legal Foundation (ILF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 2001. It is focused on establishing and strengthening criminal legal aid systems around the world. In addition to its technical assistance work with foreign governments, the ILF provides direct legal aid services through its multiple in-country offices. To date, ILF lawyers have defended more than 60,000 accused individuals worldwide.
The Russian invasion of Ukraine violated international law. The invasion has also been called a crime of aggression under international criminal law, and under some countries' domestic criminal codes – including those of Ukraine and Russia – although procedural obstacles exist to prosecutions under these laws.
References
- ↑ "International Association of Prosecutors - Vision & Objects: IAP".
- ↑ Staff writer (2024). "International Association of Prosecutors (IAP)". UIA Global Civil Society Database. uia.org. Brussels, Belgium: Union of International Associations. Yearbook of International Organizations Online. Retrieved 12 January 2025.
- ↑ "International Association of Prosecutors - About: International Association of Prosecutors". www.iap-association.org. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
- ↑ Human Rights Manual for Prosecutors. International Association of Prosecutors. 2009. ISBN 9789058504593.
- ↑ "International Association of Prosecutors - History: IAP". www.iap-association.org. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
- 1 2 Ryngaert, Cedric; Wouters, Jan; Reydams, Luc, eds. (2012). International Prosecutors. Oxford University Press. pp. 360, 465. ISBN 9780191637223.
- ↑ "Resolution 2008 CCPCJ-RES-17-2.PDF". United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2008. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
- ↑ "Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors". Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. 1990-09-07. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
- ↑ "World Press Freedom Conference 2020: UNESCO & OHCHR receive €7m from Netherlands to reinforce freedom of expression". 2020-12-10. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
