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The International Maritime Organization is a specialised agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping. The IMO was established following agreement at a UN conference held in Geneva in 1948 and the IMO came into existence ten years later, meeting for the first time in 17 March 1958. Headquartered in London, United Kingdom, IMO currently has 175 Member States and three Associate Members.
Flag of convenience (FOC) is a business practice whereby a ship's owners register a merchant ship in a ship register of a country other than that of the ship's owners, and the ship flies the civil ensign of that country, called the flag state. The term is often used pejoratively, and although common, the practice is sometimes regarded as contentious.
The Mission to Seafarers is a Christian welfare charity serving merchant crews around the world. It operates through a global Mission 'family' network of chaplains, staff and volunteers and provides practical, emotional and spiritual support through ship visits, drop-in seafarers centres and a range of welfare and emergency support services.
Labour Inspection (Seafarers) Convention, 1996 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Maritime security is an umbrella term informed to classify issues in the maritime domain that are often related to national security, marine environment, economic development, and human security. This includes the world's oceans but also regional seas, territorial waters, rivers and ports, where seas act as a “stage for geopolitical power projection, interstate warfare or militarized disputes, as a source of specific threats such as piracy, or as a connector between states that enables various phenomena from colonialism to globalization”. The theoretical concept of maritime security has evolved from a narrow perspective of national naval power projection towards a buzzword that incorporates many interconnected sub-fields. The definition of the term maritime security varies and while no internationally agreed definition exists, the term has often been used to describe both existing, and new regional and international challenges to the maritime domain. The buzzword character enables international actors to discuss these new challenges without the need to define every potentially contested aspect of it. Maritime security is of increasing concern to the global shipping industry, where there are a wide range of security threats and challenges. Some of the practical issues clustered under the term of maritime security include crimes such as piracy, armed robbery at sea, trafficking of people and illicit goods, illegal fishing or marine pollution. War, warlike activity, maritime terrorism and interstate rivalry are also maritime security concerns.
Nautical publications is a technical term used in maritime circles describing a set of publications, either published by national governments or by commercial and professional organisations, for use in safe navigation of ships, boats, and similar vessels. Other publications might cover topics such as seamanship and cargo operations. In the UK, the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office, the Witherby Publishing Group and the Nautical Institute provide numerous navigational publications, including charts, publications on how to navigate and passage planning publications. In the US, publications are issued by the US government and US Coast Guard.
BIMCO is one of the largest of the international shipping associations representing shipowners. BIMCO states that its membership represents approximately 60 percent of the world's merchant shipping tonnage and that it has members in more than 130 countries, including managers, brokers and agents. BIMCO states that its primary objective is to protect its global membership through the provision of information and advice, while promoting fair business practices and facilitating harmonisation and standardisation of commercial shipping practices and contracts.
The Hong Kong International Convention for the safe and environmentally sound recycling of ships, or Hong Kong Convention is a multilateral convention adopted in 2009, which has not entered into force. The conference that created the convention was attended by 63 countries, and overseen by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
e-Navigation is a strategy developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), a UN specialized agency, to bring about increased safety of navigation in commercial shipping through better organization of data on ships and on shore, and better data exchange and communication between ships and the ship and shore. The concept was launched when maritime authorities from seven nations requested the IMO's Maritime Safety Committee to add the development of an e-navigation strategy to the work programs of the IMO's NAV and COMSAR sub-committees. Working groups in three sub-committees and an intersessional correspondence group, led by Norway, has subsequently developed a Strategy Implementation Plan (SIP). Member states of IMO and a number of Intergovernmental and non-governmental organisations have contributed to the work, including the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), Comité International Radio-Maritime (CIRM), the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA), the International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), the Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
The Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) is an International Labour Organization (ILO) convention, number 186, established in 2006 as the fourth pillar of international maritime law and embodies "all up-to-date standards of existing international maritime labour Conventions and Recommendations, as well as the fundamental principles to be found in other international labour Conventions". The other pillars are the SOLAS, STCW and MARPOL. The treaties applies to all ships entering the harbours of parties to the treaty (port states), as well as to all ships flying the flag of state party (flag states, as of 2021: over 91 per cent).
The International Federation of Shipmasters' Associations (IFSMA), is the international professional organisation that unites and represents the world's serving Shipmasters.
The Danish Maritime Authority is the agency of the Danish Government responsible for regulating and administrating Danish maritime affairs. The Danish Maritime Authority (DMA) is part of the Ministry of Industry, Business, and Financial Affairs. The Agency consists of the central authority and eight vision offices, including the office in Nuuk and the Centre for Maritime Health on Fanø. Its headquarters are in Korsør.
The European Community Shipowners' Associations (ECSA) is the voice of the European shipping industry.
The International Seafarers' Welfare and Assistance Network (ISWAN) is an international NGO and UK registered charity that aims to assists seafarers and their families. ISWAN is the result of a merger between two organisations. These were the International Committee on Seafarers' Welfare (ICSW) and the International Seafarers Assistance Network (ISAN). ICSW was formed in 1973 and ISAN was established in the late 1990s. These two welfare bodies merged in April 2013 to form ISWAN. ISWAN's headquarters are in Croydon, Greater London.
The Merchant Navy Training Board is a voluntary body responsible for maritime training in the United Kingdom and for the training of the British Merchant Navy. The MNTB are based at the UK Chamber of Shipping office in London and publications are provided by the Witherby Publishing Group.
SIGTTO is the Society of International Gas Tanker and Terminal Operators. It is a not-for-profit non-governmental organisation that represents owners of gas carriers and terminals, including LNG terminals. SIGTTO was formed as an international organisation for industry participants to share technical and operational experience, to address common industry problems and derive policies for improvements in maritime operations. The Society has more than 190 members including large companies such as BP, ExxonMobil, Chevron and Shell. The organisation has Observer Status at the International Maritime Organization as an NGO. Focusing on LNG and LPG the society is involved in the creation of publications to enhance maritime knowledge and promote safety at sea. They are actively involved in research for the use of gas as a marine fuel and publish various relevant industry guidelines. The current CEO and general manager is Ian Revell, a chartered engineer, who was appointed in September 2022.
Crew management for ships, otherwise known as crewing, are the services rendered by specialised shipping companies. Crew management services are an essential part of maritime and ship management that includes the management of all the various activities handled by crew on-board vessels, as well as related shore-based administration. Major locations where crew management activities are carried out from include Limassol (Cyprus), Singapore, Hong Kong and Malta.
Maritime Informatics is a thematic topic within the broader discipline of informatics. It is based on the use of information systems, data sharing and data analytics to increase the efficiency, safety, resilience and ecological sustainability of the world's shipping industry.
Danish shipping's counter-piracy strategy is necessary as Denmark operates one of the world's five largest shipping nations in terms of operated fleet, controlling around 10% of global shipping. At any given time, there are approximately 70 Danish-controlled ships in the Indian Ocean and 30 ships in the Gulf of Guinea. This makes piracy in these areas is a significant concern for the Danish shipping industry and for the Danish state. In 2012, when Somali piracy was at its height, the piracy cost of Danish shipping was estimated to be between 130 and 260 million Euros.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Proshanto, K (2013). Farthing on International Shipping. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 28. ISBN 9783642345982.
- ↑ "International Chamber of Shipping = About" . Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ↑ "The Baltic Quarterly Journal - Summer 2011". Baltic Exchange. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ↑ "International Chamber of Shipping and Witherby" . Retrieved 1 July 2016.
- ↑ "ICS makes maritime publications available as ebooks". Digital Ship Magazine. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ↑ "Book Review: Cyber Security Workbook for On Board Ship Use". Maritime Executive. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ↑ "How to ensure VSAT modems cannot be hacked". Riviera Maritime. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ↑ "ICS unveils new initiatives in shipping's digitalisation". Ship Insight. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
- ↑ "Cyber Security Workbook". BIMCO. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
- ↑ "Global shipping body addresses the health concerns of seafarers during the Covid 19 pandemic". Hellenic Shipping News. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ↑ "ICS issues security guidance in new publication". ShipInsight. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
- ↑ "ICS: New guidance on maritime security". Marine Log. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
- ↑ "Biofouling, Biosecurity and Hull Cleaning, First Edition". Tanker Operator. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
- ↑ "Biofouling: A multi-layered ESG problem". Lloyd's List . Retrieved 22 August 2022.(subscription required)
- ↑ "Latest edition of Drug Trafficking and Drug Abuse On Board Ship published". Ship Management International. April 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
