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International HL7 implementations is a collection of known implementations of the HL7 Interoperability standard.[ clarification needed ] These do not necessarily refer to cross-border health information systems.
In Australia, HL7 Australia is the local affiliate of the HL7 International organisation and is an open, volunteer-based, not-for-profit organisation that supports the needs of HL7 users in Australia.
It is the accredited national affiliate of HL7.org and has local responsibility for a range of core activities including the distribution and licensing of HL7 standards materials, education and participation in international HL7 standards development.
HL7 Australia members are active participants in the various Standards Australia IT-014 health informatics standards sub-committees and working groups which are working on HL7 standards development and implementation in Australia. [1]
In New Zealand, the HL7 New Zealand website outlines the following commitments. [2]
The user group shall be established on the following basic principles:
Functions of HL7 New Zealand
Prince Edward Island in Canada is the only instance of a province-wide attempt at implementing the HL7 interoperability standard. It has been standards compliant with the following characteristics of HL7:
The main user of HL7 in Mexico is the Mexican Institute for Social Security (IMSS). IMSS have been developing V3 messaging for three years and currently have 19 active messages across 9 domains with a further 24 messages currently in development. They are using a modified version of Veteran's VISTA in combination with middleware which transforms from VISTA's native V2 messages to V3 and vice versa.
There is also a joint project in progress to develop an HL7 Gateway with Microsoft. It is envisaged that this project will enable systems to exchange HL7 messages with IMSS without concerning themselves with HL7 translation. HL7 Mexico has also been working to make government agencies such as the Ministry of Health aware of the importance of HL7 in exchanging healthcare information. As well as improving external links, HL7 Mexico has also been working to improve its internal processes and encourage new membership across the board. [4]
The HL7 standards development organisation is based in America and oversees the development of the HL7 standard. HL7 current work programme includes:
China has so far tested HL7 messaging standards in order to ensure interoperability. In Guangdong province, government has gone as far as to mandate that developers of health information systems utilize the HL7 standard to transfer patient clinical information. [6]
The Chinese Hospital Management Association (CHIMA) manages the role of the Basic Data Set Standards project, of which its working groups have accomplished 1976 data items, some of which reference the HL7 standard. [7]
HL7 Hong Kong Limited, a non-profit making organization in Hong Kong, is an accredited international affiliate of Health Level Seven International [8]
HL7 India is an independent, non-profit-distributing, membership based organization that exists to encourage the adoption of standards for healthcare information communication within India.
The objective of HL7 India is to support the development, promotion and implementation of HL7 standards and specifications in a way which addresses the concerns of healthcare organizations, health professionals and healthcare software suppliers in India.
HL7 India is the accredited International Affiliate of Health Level Seven International (HL7 International) for India. HL7 India shall seek to retain this affiliation or a similar formal status in relation to the wider HL7 community subject to agreement by the membership of HL7 India. The rules and obligations applicable to International Affiliates shall be deemed to apply to HL7 India except where such rules directly conflict with the bylaws of HL7 India or with legal regulations within India. [9]
HL7 Pakistan is a non-profit organization in Pakistan with the vision of making healthcare systems interoperable by adopting health standards such as Health Level Seven (HL7). It is a membership based organization promoting the role of interoperability for better provision of healthcare to the people. The main goals of HL7 Pakistan are:
HL7 Finland was founded in Finland in 1995 and was the fifth international affiliate of HL7. [11] The association in financed internally by its members; however it does collaborate on domestic and international projects.
The HL7 Finland website cites the following principle activities of the association:
There has been a HL7 CDA R2 AND V3 MESSAGING FOR NATIONAL ePRESCRIPTION IN FINLAND initiative. [12]
HL7 Spain currently has approximately 60 members in Spain, of whom roughly 70% are companies with the other 30% being made up of foundations, healthcare authority and university members. J oan Guanyabens, President of HL7 Spain, reports that a good proportion of the work currently being done by HL7 Spain is centred on education – disseminating the standard, as he puts it. During 2005/6, HL7 Spain offered frequent workshops, seminars and opportunities for V2 training and certification. [13]
HL7 Sweden is the Swedish subsidiary organization representing HL7 in Sweden. HL7 Sweden started in late 2005, and today consists of about twenty members from government, organizations and businesses. HL7 Sweden is a non-profit organization open to all individuals, companies and organizations operating in Sweden.
Purpose of the HL7 Sweden
In Turkey, the HL7 affiliate operates as an autonomous subgroup of the Turkish Medical Informatics Association (TURKMIA). Affiliate members are admitted once they have passed certain prerequisite studies.
HL7 Turkey has been focusing a good deal of effort in the past year on raising the country's awareness of HL7, with the result that HL7 is (unofficially) the standard for Turkish healthcare informatics projects. HL7 Turkey has worked closely with the Turkish Ministry of Health IT Department in order to insure that the following areas would benefit from the HL7 standard:
HL7 UK is the UK affiliate organisation to HL7, and was set up in January 2000. The mission of HL7 UK is entirely complementary with that of the parent HL7 organisation: HL7 UK sets out to:
HL7 UK seeks to identify HL7 standards that are applicable to UK healthcare without change and those that require adaptations or national implementation guidelines to meet UK requirements. Where UK adaptations, profiles or guidelines are required, HL7 UK proposes solutions that meet the need for consistent national implementation, while avoiding unnecessary divergence from HL7 standards. To this end, HL7 UK feeds back national requirements and proposed solutions to its parent body. [15]
HL7 version 2 is used by almost all Swiss hospitals. Their HL7 v3 CDA implementation guide covers all documents needed to support the "hip replacement" clinical pathway. Parametrix, the biggest medical information system vendor in Switzerland has been using a RIM based architecture. [16]
HL7 Argentina formed in 2000 in Argentina with just five original members. Economic instability in the country meant that any expansion of the affiliate was virtually impossible until 2004, but they now have more than twenty members, consisting of an 80/20 membership split in terms of organization/private subscriptions.
Currently, the largest HL7 implementation in Argentina can be found at the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (HIBA). [13]
Health Level Seven or HL7 refers to a set of international standards for transfer of clinical and administrative data between software applications used by various healthcare providers. These standards focus on the application layer, which is "layer 7" in the OSI model. The HL7 standards are produced by Health Level Seven International, an international standards organization, and are adopted by other standards issuing bodies such as American National Standards Institute and International Organization for Standardization.
An electronic health record (EHR) is the systematized collection of patient and population electronically stored health information in a digital format. These records can be shared across different health care settings. Records are shared through network-connected, enterprise-wide information systems or other information networks and exchanges. EHRs may include a range of data, including demographics, medical history, medication and allergies, immunization status, laboratory test results, radiology images, vital signs, personal statistics like age and weight, and billing information.
Continuity of Care Record (CCR) is a health record standard specification developed jointly by ASTM International, the Massachusetts Medical Society (MMS), the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS), the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and other health informatics vendors.
The HL7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) is an XML-based markup standard intended to specify the encoding, structure and semantics of clinical documents for exchange. In November 2000, HL7 published Release 1.0. The organization published Release 2.0 with its "2005 Normative Edition."
The European Institute for Health Records or EuroRec Institute is a non-profit organization founded in 2002 as part of the ProRec initiative. On 13 May 2003, the institute was established as a non-profit organization under French law. Current President of EuroRec is Prof. Dipak Kalra. The institute is involved in the promotion of high quality Electronic Health Record systems in the European Union. One of the main missions of the institute is to support, as the European authorised certification body, EHRs certification development, testing and assessment by defining functional and other criteria.
The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Standard Architecture for Healthcare Information Systems, Health Informatics Service Architecture or HISA is a standard that provides guidance on the development of modular open information technology (IT) systems in the healthcare sector. Broadly, architecture standards outline frameworks which can be used in the development of consistent, coherent applications, databases and workstations. This is done through the definition of hardware and software construction requirements and outlining of protocols for communications. The HISA standard provides a formal standard for a service-oriented architecture (SOA), specific for the requirements of health services, based on the principles of Open Distributed Processing. The HISA standard evolved from previous work on healthcare information systems architecture commenced by Reseau d’Information et de Communication Hospitalier Europeen (RICHE) in 1989, and subsequently built upon by a number of organizations across Europe.
The ISO/TC 215 is the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) Technical Committee (TC) on health informatics. TC 215 works on the standardization of Health Information and Communications Technology (ICT), to allow for compatibility and interoperability between independent systems.
The International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation (IHTSDO), trading as SNOMED International, is an international non-profit organization that owns SNOMED CT, a leading clinical terminology used in electronic health records. IHTSDO was founded in 2007 by 9 charter member countries in order to acquire the rights of SNOMED CT from the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and make the development of a global clinical language for healthcare an international, collaborative effort.
The Continuity of Care Document (CCD) specification is an XML-based markup standard intended to specify the encoding, structure, and semantics of a patient summary clinical document for exchange.
Health informatics in China is about the Health informatics or Medical informatics or Healthcare information system/technology in China.
This article documents the effort of the Health Level Seven(HL7) community and specifically the HL7 Architecture Board (ArB) to develop an interoperability framework that would support services, messages, and Clinical Document Architecture(CDA) ISO 10871.
The system of concepts to support continuity of care, often referred to as ContSys, is an ISO and CEN standard . Continuity of care is an organisational principle that represents an important aspect of quality and safety in health care. Semantic interoperability is a basic requirement for continuity of care. Concepts that are needed for these purposes must represent both the content and context of the health care services.
Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources is a standard describing data formats and elements and an application programming interface (API) for exchanging electronic health records (EHR). The standard was created by the Health Level Seven International (HL7) health-care standards organization.
Medical device connectivity is the establishment and maintenance of a connection through which data is transferred between a medical device, such as a patient monitor, and an information system. The term is used interchangeably with biomedical device connectivity or biomedical device integration. By eliminating the need for manual data entry, potential benefits include faster and more frequent data updates, diminished human error, and improved workflow efficiency.
Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) is a non-profit organization based in the US state of Illinois. It sponsors an initiative by the healthcare industry to improve the way computer systems share information. IHE was established in 1998 by a consortium of radiologists and information technology (IT) experts.
InterSystems HealthShare is a healthcare informatics platform for hospitals, integrated delivery networks (IDNs) and regional and national health information exchanges (HIE).
Health Level Seven International (HL7) is a non-profit ANSI-accredited standards development organization dedicated to providing standards and solutions that empower global health data interoperability.
Dipak Kalra is President of the European Institute for Health Records and of the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data. He undertakes international research and standards development, and advises on adoption strategies, relating to Electronic Health Records.
The HL7 Consolidated Clinical Document Architecture (C-CDA) is an XML-based markup standard which provides a library of CDA formatted documents. Clinical documents using the C-CDA standards are exchanged billions of times annually in the United States. All certified Electronic health records in the United States are required to export medical data using the C-CDA standard. While the standard was developed primarily for the United States as the C-CDA incorporates references to terminologies and value set required by US regulation, it has also been used internationally.
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