Related Research Articles
The Moro Islamic Liberation Front is a group based in Mindanao,Philippines seeking an autonomous region of the Moro people from the central government. The group has a presence in the Bangsamoro region of Mindanao,the Sulu Archipelago,Palawan,Basilan,and other neighbouring islands.
The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao was an autonomous region of the Philippines,located in the Mindanao island group of the Philippines,that consisted of five predominantly Muslim provinces:Basilan,Lanao del Sur,Maguindanao,Sulu,and Tawi-Tawi. It was the only region that had its own government. The region's de facto seat of government was Cotabato City,although this self-governing city was outside its jurisdiction.
The Moro people or Bangsamoro people are the 13 Muslim-majority ethnolinguistic Austronesian groups of Mindanao,Sulu,and Palawan,native to the region known as the Bangsamoro. As Muslim-majority ethnic groups,they form the largest non-Christian population in the Philippines,and comprise about 5% of the country's total population,or 5 million people.
The Moro National Liberation Front is a political organization in the Philippines that was founded in 1972. It started as a splinter group of the Muslim Independence Movement. The MNLF was the leading organization among Moro separatists for about two decades beginning from the 1970s.
The Moro conflict is an insurgency in the Mindanao region of the Philippines,which has involved multiple armed groups,and has been ongoing since March 1968. Peace deals have been signed between the Philippine government and two major armed groups - the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) - but other,smaller armed groups continue to exist.
The Moro National Liberation Front Executive Council of 15 is a faction of the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) in which the group of 15 leaders forged a unity agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). The agreement was signed in Kuala Lumpur and coincided with the Filipino President's visit. Muslimin Sema is the current chairman of the group. The government of the Philippines recognizes Sema along with Misuari as representatives of the MNLF despite the recognition of Nur Misuari as chairman by the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation,which the MNLF is an observer member to. Supposedly,Sema's group together with Habib Mudjahab Hashim's MNLF Islamic Command Council (ICC),somewhat agreed to reunite with the MNLF under Misuari.
Maradeka is an emerging pro-democracy Muslim political organization espousing non-violent political action in the Philippines amidst the backdrop of over four decades of armed Muslim insurgency mounted by Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in their Moro Quest for self-rule after people dissenting Philippine government treatment of Muslim minority as second class citizens and suffering years of social,economic,and political inequities called Mindanao problem
In the late 1960s,an independence movement was founded in Mindanao,the Philippines to separate the Muslim majority-Moro areas from the rest of the Philippines.
The Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro is a preliminary peace agreement signed in the Malacañan Palace in Manila,Philippines on October 15,2012. The agreement calls for the creation of an autonomous political entity named Bangsamoro,replacing the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) which was described by Former President Benigno Aquino III as "a failed experiment".
The Mamasapano clash was a shootout that took place during a police operation by the Special Action Force (SAF) of the Philippine National Police (PNP) on January 25,2015,in Tukanalipao,Mamasapano,Maguindanao. The operation,codenamed Oplan Exodus,was intended to capture or kill wanted Malaysian terrorist and bomb-maker Zulkifli Abdhir and other Malaysian terrorists or high-ranking members of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF).
An autonomous region of the Philippines is a first-level administrative division that has the authority to control a region's culture and economy. The Constitution of the Philippines allows for two autonomous regions:in the Cordilleras and in Muslim Mindanao. Currently,Bangsamoro,which largely consists of the Muslim-majority areas of Mindanao,is the only autonomous region in the country.
Prof. Miriam Coronel-Ferrer is a Filipino peace negotiator and the chair of the peace panel of the Government of the Philippines during the time of President Simeon Benigno Aquino III (2010-2016). On behalf of government,she signed the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. She is the first female chief negotiator in the world to sign a final peace accord with a rebel group.
Mohagher Iqbal is the nom de guerre of the member of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front who serves as chair of the group's peace panel.
The 1976 Tripoli Agreement was signed on December 23,1976 in Tripoli,Libya by Carmelo Z. Barbero,representing the Government of the Philippines and Nur Misuari of the Moro National Liberation Front. The agreement defined autonomous administrative divisions for Muslims in the southern Philippines,the establishment of an autonomous government,judicial system for Sharia law and special security forces,and the observance of a ceasefire. The autonomous region was to have its own economic system,including an Islamic bank.
The Jeddah Accord was signed on January 3–4,1987 in Jeddah,Saudi Arabia by Aquilino Pimentel Jr.,representing the Government of the Philippines and Nur Misuari of the Moro National Liberation Front. The two panels agreed upon the continued discussion of the proposal of the grant of full autonomy to Mindanao,Basilan,Sulu,Tawi-Tawi and Palawan subject to democratic processes.
The 1996 Final Peace Agreement,also called the Jakarta Accord was signed on September 2,1996 in Manila,Philippines by Manuel Yan,representing the Government of the Philippines and Nur Misuari of the Moro National Liberation Front. The culmination of four years of peace talks,the agreement established mechanisms designed to bring about the full implementation of the 1976 Tripoli Agreement.
The Battle of the Buliok Complex took place on 11 February 2003 in an area within the provinces of Maguindanao and Cotabato in Mindanao,Philippines. The 60-hectare complex,which stretches from Pikit,Cotabato to Pagalungan,Maguindanao,was a stronghold of the Muslim separatist Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). Accused by the Philippine government of harboring members of Pentagon,a notorious kidnap-for-ransom gang operating in Mindanao,the MILF was attacked in the Buliok complex by the Armed Forces of the Philippines under orders from then-President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.
The International Monitoring Team (IMT) is a monitoring team composed of 60 members headquartered in Cotabato City,Mindanao of the Philippines to monitor the implementation of peace between the Government of the Philippines (GPH) and one of the largest rebels in the region,the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in the Moro conflict. The team is led by Malaysia,followed by Brunei Darussalam,Indonesia,Japan,Libya,Norway and subsequently the European Union.
Hajji Salik B. Abu more commonly known as Ghazali Jaafar was a Filipino militant and government official. He fought under the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). He served as chairman of the Bangsamoro Transition Commission (BTC),and the Speaker of the Parliament designate under the Bangsamoro Transition Authority (BTA),the interim regional government of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.
The Bangsamoro Juridical Entity (BJE) was a proposed subdivision in the Philippines spanning portions of Mindanao and Palawan. Conceptualized during the peace talks between the government of the Philippines during the administration of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF),the BJE was the proposed expanded successor to the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM).
References
- ↑ "Irene Santiago". Inclusive Security. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
- 1 2 3 Lamb, Gregory M. (12 February 2014). "Irene Santiago: Women are Vital Peacemakers". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
- ↑ Ramsbotham, Oliver; Woodhouse, Tom; Miall, Hugh (2011). Contemporary Conflict Resolution. Cambridge: Polity Press. p. 308. ISBN 9780745649733.
- ↑ "2020 Women Building Peace Award Finalists". United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved 2021-09-07.
- 1 2 3 "Irene M. Santiago". N-Peace Awards Alumni. Retrieved 14 December 2015.