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The First Sikh State was a breakaway and short lived sovereign Sikh state during the 18th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent that existed from 1709 to 1715. It was established by Banda Singh Bahadur after the Battle of Samana and lasted until his defeat in the Battle of Gurdas Nangal.
References
- 1 2 Hari Ram Gupta (1944). Studies In Later Mughal History Of The Punjab 1707 To 1793. pp. 27–28.
- ↑ G. P. Ranken (1895). Notes on the Pathans of the Pathan Recruiting District. the University of Wisconsin - Madison. p. 28.
- ↑ The Panjab Past and Present: Volume 21. Department of Punjab Historical Studies, Punjabi University. 1987.
- ↑ James Sutherland Cotton (1907). Imperial Gazetteer of India. Clarendon Press. p. 90.
- ↑ William Irvine (1971). Later Mughal. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. p. 33.
- ↑ Irvine, William (1971). Later Mughal. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. p. 119.
- ↑ Surinder Singh (2022). Medieval Panjab in Transition:Authority, Resistance and Spirituality C.1500 – C.1700.
- 1 2 Harbans Singh (1992). The Encyclopedia of Sikhism. pp. 306–307. ISBN 9788173802041.
- ↑ Shāhnavāz Khān Awrangābādī (1979). The Maāt̲h̲ir-ul-umarā. Janaki Prakashan. p. 688.
- ↑ Surjit Singh Gandhi (1999). Sikhs in the Eighteenth Century:Their Struggle for Survival and Supremacy. Singh Bros. p. 77. ISBN 9788172052171.
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