Italian Democratic Liberal Party Partito Liberale Democratico Italiano | |
---|---|
Founder | Vittorio Emanuele Orlando Francesco Saverio Nitti |
Founded |
|
Dissolved | 6 November 1926 |
Preceded by | Liberals, Democrats and Radicals |
Headquarters | Rome |
Ideology | Liberalism Radicalism |
Political position | Centre |
National affiliation | National List (1924–1926) |
The Italian Democratic Liberal Party (Italian : Partito Liberale Democratico Italiano, PLDI) was a liberal and radical political party in Italy during the earlier decades of the 20th century. Initially, the party was an alliance between progressive liberals, called Liberals, Democrats, and Radicals.
The Liberals, Democrats and Radicals' alliance was formed for the 1919 Italian general election. It came third after the Italian Socialist Party and the Italian People's Party, with 15.9% and 96 seats, doing particularly well in Piedmont and Southern Italy, especially in Sicily, the home region of party's leader and former Prime Minister Vittorio Emanuele Orlando. [1]
The party was formed for the 1921 Italian general election by the union of individual politicians, most of whom had taken part in the joint electoral lists between the Italian Radical Party and the Italian Liberal Party in many single-seat constituencies of the country in 1919, gaining 16.0% of the vote and 96 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. In 1921, it gained 10.5% of the vote and 68 seats, doing particularly well in Piedmont and Southern Italy. [2] The party suffered a strong setback in the 1924 Italian general election, which was held under strong intimidation from the fascist Blackshirts, and saw its share of votes decrease to 2.2%, electing 14 seats. [3]
The party was banned by the Italian fascist regime on 6 November 1926, when the National Fascist Party was proclaimed to be the only legal party in Italy. After World War II, former Radicals and Democrats led by Francesco Saverio Nitti joined the National Democratic Union alongside Liberals and other elements of the old Liberal elite that governed Italy from the years of Giovanni Giolitti until the rise of Benito Mussolini and the instauration of the Fascist regime.
The party was the expression of liberalism and radicalism in Italy and the middle class, including cities' bourgeoisie, small business owners, and artisans among its supporters. There was also a main group of Radicals, who supported universal suffrage and universal public schooling for all children.
Chamber of Deputies | |||||
Election year | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | Leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1919 | 904,195 (3rd) | 15.9 | 96 / 535 | – | |
1921 | 684,855 (4th) | 10.4 | 68 / 535 | 28 | |
1924 | 157,932 (8th) | 2.2 | 14 / 508 | 54 |
The Social Democracy party was a radical and social-liberal political party in Italy.
General elections were held in Italy on 16 November 1919. The fragmented Liberal governing coalition lost the absolute majority in the Chamber of Deputies, due to the success of the Italian Socialist Party and the Italian People's Party.
General elections were held in Italy on 15 May 1921. It was the first election in which the recently acquired regions of Trentino-Alto Adige, Venezia Giulia, Zara and Lagosta island elected deputies, many of whom were from the Germanic and South Slavic ethnic groups.
The Italian Reformist Socialist Party was a social-democratic political party in Italy.
The Italian People's Party, also translated as Italian Popular Party, was a Christian-democratic political party in Italy inspired by Catholic social teaching. It was active in the 1920s, but fell apart because it was deeply split between the pro- and anti-fascist elements. Its platform called for an elective Senate, proportional representation, corporatism, agrarian reform, women's suffrage, political decentralisation, independence of the Catholic Church, and welfare legislation.
Piedmontese Union was a regionalist political party active in Piedmont.
The Politics of Sicily, Italy takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of Regional Government is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Regional Government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Sicilian Regional Assembly.
The politics of Apulia, Italy take place in the framework of a semi-presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of the Region is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Legislative power is vested in the Regional Council of Apulia, while executive power is exercised by the Regional Government led by the President, who is directly elected by the people. The current Statute, which regulates the functioning of the regional institutions, has been in force since 2004.
The politics of Lombardy, a region of Italy, takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of the Region is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Legislative power is vested in the Regional Council of Lombardy, while executive power is exercised by the Regional Government led by the President, who is directly elected by the people. The current Statute, which regulates the functioning of the regional institutions, has been in force since 2008.
The politics of Tuscany, Italy take place in the framework of a semi-presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of the Region is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Legislative power is vested in the Regional Council of Tuscany, while executive power is exercised by the Regional Government led by the President, who is directly elected by the people. The current Statute, which regulates the functioning of the regional institutions, has been in force since 2005.
The Politics of Marche, Italy takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of the Region is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Legislative power is vested in the Regional Council, while executive power is exercised by the Regional Government led by the President, who is directly elected by the people. The current Statute, which regulates the functioning of the regional institutions, has been in force since 2004.
The Italian Radical Party, also known as the Historical Radical Party, was a political party in Italy. Heir of the Historical Far Left and representative of Italy's political left in its beginning, with the rise of the Italian Socialist Party, it came to represent centre-left politics. The party was associated with classical radicalism, republicanism, secularism, social liberalism, and anti-clericalism.
General elections were held in Italy on 26 October 1913, with a second round of voting on 2 November. The Liberals narrowly retained an absolute majority in the Chamber of Deputies, while the Radical Party emerged as the largest opposition bloc. Both groupings did particularly well in Southern Italy, while the Italian Socialist Party gained eight seats and was the largest party in Emilia-Romagna. However, the election marked the beginning of the decline of Liberal establishment.
The Constitutional Democratic Party was a social-liberal political party in Italy.
The Combatants' Party was a nationalist political party in Italy, whose aim was to protect the interests of First World War veterans.
The Democratic Party was a social liberal political party in Italy.
The Lists of Slavs and Germans was the collective name given to the political parties representing Slovene and German minorities in northern Italy between World War I and the Fascist regime.
The Reformist Democratic Party was a reformist and social democratic political party in Italy.
The Conservative Catholics were a right-wing conservative political party in Italy, composed by strong conservatives and clericalists.
The Agreed Lists of Liberals, Democrats and Radicals were a liberal and radical political alliance in Italy in the first decades of the 20th century.