| JGR Class 1070 | |||||||||||||||
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 Locomotive 1080, preserved at the Kyoto Railway Museum | |||||||||||||||
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The JGR Class 1070 were a type of Japanese steam locomotives, rebuilt from the earlier Class 6200 and Class 6270 locomotives, first imported from the United Kingdom between 1900 and 1904 and in 1909. Rebuilt during the 1920s, the Class 1070s were used for urban and rural train service and later in industrial service, running from the 1920s into the 1970s. [1]
Japan had a long history of using imported locomotives, dating back to the 19th Century. Large American and European manufacturers delivered many types of locomotives to the country. [2]
The Class 6200 and 6270 were tender locomotives, built by Dübs and Company and Neilson & Company in the United Kingdom; [1] both firms had previously delivered similar types to Japan earlier in the 19th century. [2] Class 6200 and 6270 locomotives were rebuilt into the Class 1070 tank engines by the Japanese Ministry of Railways (JMR) starting in 1925. The newly rebuilt tank engines were used for urban or local train service and could sometimes be used as yard shunters. They were later transferred for use on local private or industrial railways, pulling freight or again as shunters. The 6200s in particular were first used for passenger service on the Tokaido trunk line. [1]
Starting in 1925, the rebuilding process for the Class 1070 4-4-2 tank engines was undertaken at the Hamamatsu, Omiya and Takatori JMR locomotive works. To convert the locomotives, the tender was uncoupled, both sides of the locomotive's main frame were elongated and a new radial trailing wheel was added. A coal bunker was installed behind the locomotive's cab, and new water tanks were fixed to both sides of the boiler. Many important parts from the original locomotive were reused, including the boilers, cylinders, valve gears and driving wheels. The wheel base of the two driving wheels was not altered. [1]
As a typical example of the 1070s, locomotive number 1080 was selected for preservation in September 2009 and was restored by technicians at the Umekoji Works in Kyoto. The locomotive was selected for preservation by JR West, being of historical and technological significance, a potential candidate for designation as a Mechanical Engineering Heritage of the JSME. [1] [3]
Number 1080 was built by Dübs and Company in 1901 and was rebuilt by the Hamamatsu Works in 1926. It worked local lines (assigned to the Mino-ohta locomotive depot in 1933), until the railway line was shuttered in 1939. 1080 was then used on the Akatani mine railway of the Nittetsu Mining Co. in Niigata Prefecture, starting in 1940 until the mine closed the railway in 1957, where it hauled ore trains and was used to ferry mine workers to and from the site. When the mine railway closed, the locomotive then moved (in 1957) to the Hanezuru mine (also owned by Nittetsu Mining) in Tochigi Prefecture, where it ran until 1979 (the mine itself closed in 1991). It was used as the primary reserve locomotive for the Hanezuru mine's diesel locomotives, hauling mostly limestone trains, until the mine railway closed in 1979. [1] When it arrived at the Museum in 2009, it was mostly complete, still having all valves, gauges and the number plate. A fence was erected around the locomotive for painting and restoration work. It received a coat of rust-resistant paint on the trucks, boiler and safety valve. A new coating was applied to the boiler and preservation work was done in the cabin. Some new gauges were installed, while others simply needed polishing. [3]
Locomotive 1080 is one of the oldest in the collection of the Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum (Kyoto Railway Museum). It is historically significant as an example of the standard tender locomotive in the Meiji era and as the origin of domestically designed standard tender locomotives in the Taisho era. [1] [4]
A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. It is fuelled by burning combustible material to heat water in the locomotive's boiler to the point where it becomes gaseous and its volume increases 1,700 times. Functionally, it is a steam engine on wheels.
A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender. Most tank engines also have bunkers to hold fuel; in a tender-tank locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia was shipped across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-0 represents one of the simplest possible types, that with two axles and four coupled wheels, all of which are driven. The wheels on the earliest four-coupled locomotives were connected by a single gear wheel, but from 1825 the wheels were usually connected with coupling rods to form a single driven set.
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of locomotives, 4-6-4 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels and four trailing wheels. In France where the type was first used, it is known as the Baltic while it became known as the Hudson in most of North America.
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels, six coupled driving wheels and two trailing wheels. This arrangement is commonly called a Prairie.
The Dean Single, 3031 Class, or Achilles Class was a type of steam locomotive built by the British Great Western Railway between 1891 and 1899. They were designed by William Dean for passenger work. The first 30 members of the class were built as 2-2-2s of the 3001 Class.
The Class D50 is a type of 2-8-2 steam locomotive built by the Japanese Government Railways (JGR), the Japanese National Railways (JNR) and various manufacturers from 1923 to 1931. The class name indicates that the locomotive has four sets of driving wheels (D) and belongs to one of the classes of tender locomotive allocated a number in the series 50 to 99 in the Japan Railways locomotive numbering and classification scheme of 1928. Hideo Shima designed the rest of the class until 1931.
The South African Railways Class 25NC 4-8-4 of 1953 was a class of steam locomotives built between 1953 and 1955 for the South African Railways (SAR). The Class 25NC was the non-condensing version of the Class 25 condensing locomotive, of which ninety were placed in service at the same time. Between 1973 and 1980, all but three of the condensing locomotives were converted to non-condensing and also designated Class 25NC.
The South African Railways Class 25 4-8-4 of 1953 was a condensing steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 19D 4-8-2 of 1937 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 1A 4-8-0 of 1910 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Colony of Natal.
The South African Railways Class 3B 4-8-2 of 1912 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class S 0-8-0 of 1929 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class C 4-6-0T of 1879 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Colony of Natal.
The South African Railways Class GM 4-8-2+2-8-4 of 1938 was an articulated steam locomotive.
The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) 4ft Shunter was a class of 0-4-0ST steam locomotives. Introduced in 1863 by Ramsbottom, 26 were built in 1863–1865, 10 in 1870, 10 in 1872, and 10 in 1892. The last three of the latter batch were soon rebuilt as 0-4-2ST crane tanks. They survived into LMS ownership in 1923 and the last one was withdrawn in 1933.
The Cape Government Railways 1st Class 2-6-0 of 1876 by Kitson was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The Class C53 (C53形) is a type of 4-6-2 steam locomotive built in Japan from 1928 to 1929. The locomotives were designed by Hideo Shima and built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company, Kisha Seizo, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Hitachi. A total of 97 Class C53 locomotives were built. Only one C53 Pacific was streamlined locomotive number C53 43 was the only Class C53 Streamlined presumably from the 1920’s or 30’s until it was scrapped in 1950 after World War 2.
1070-1080-A steam locomotive remodeled from the Meiji Era 6200 made in Britain.
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