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A quantum computer is a computer that takes advantage of quantum mechanical phenomena.
Digital physics is a speculative idea that the universe can be conceived of as a vast, digital computation device, or as the output of a deterministic or probabilistic computer program. The hypothesis that the universe is a digital computer was proposed by Konrad Zuse in his 1969 book Rechnender Raum. The term digital physics was coined by Edward Fredkin in 1978, who later came to prefer the term digital philosophy. Fredkin encouraged the creation of a digital physics group at what was then MIT's Laboratory for Computer Science, with Tommaso Toffoli and Norman Margolus as primary figures.
Neuromorphic computing is an approach to computing that is inspired by the structure and function of the human brain. A neuromorphic computer/chip is any device that uses physical artificial neurons to do computations. In recent times, the term neuromorphic has been used to describe analog, digital, mixed-mode analog/digital VLSI, and software systems that implement models of neural systems. The implementation of neuromorphic computing on the hardware level can be realized by oxide-based memristors, spintronic memories, threshold switches, transistors, among others. Training software-based neuromorphic systems of spiking neural networks can be achieved using error backpropagation, e.g., using Python based frameworks such as snnTorch, or using canonical learning rules from the biological learning literature, e.g., using BindsNet.
Seth Lloyd is a professor of mechanical engineering and physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Artur Konrad Ekert is a British-Polish professor of quantum physics at the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, professorial fellow in quantum physics and cryptography at Merton College, Oxford, Lee Kong Chian Centennial Professor at the National University of Singapore and the founding director of the Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT). His research interests extend over most aspects of information processing in quantum-mechanical systems, with a focus on quantum communication and quantum computation. He is best known as one of the pioneers of quantum cryptography.
Unconventional computing is computing by any of a wide range of new or unusual methods. It is also known as alternative computing.
Vladimir E. Korepin is a professor at the C. N. Yang Institute of Theoretical Physics of the Stony Brook University. Korepin made research contributions in several areas of mathematics and physics.
David Tong is a British theoretical physicist. He is a professor at the University of Cambridge, working in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP). He is also a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. His research mainly concerns quantum field theory. He is the joint recipient of the 2008 Adams Prize and is currently a Simons Investigator. He is also known for his outreach activities and for his freely available lecture notes covering a wide range of topics in physics.
The Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, or Skoltech, is a private institute located in Moscow, Russia. Skoltech was established in 2011 as part of a multi-year partnership with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Globally, the university in 2023 was ranked # 702 in the world by US News & World Report. It was among the number 65 young university in the world according to Nature Index in 2021. That same year Skoltech entered the subject ranking in physics among young universities for the first time, and named a rapidly rising university. In February 2022 MIT ended its partnership with Skoltech in protest of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Steven Weinstein is a philosopher at the University of Waterloo, noted particularly for his work on quantum gravity, time, and the interpretation of quantum mechanics.
Quantum machine learning is the integration of quantum algorithms within machine learning programs.
Andrew MacGregor Childs is an American computer scientist and physicist known for his work on quantum computing. He is currently a professor in the department of computer science and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies at the University of Maryland. He also co-directs the Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, a partnership between the University of Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
The Universal Scientific Education and Research Network is a non-profit organization and network for non-military scientific investigation and policy-making. USERN was established on January 1, 2016, and the basic statutes of USERN were drafted on January 21, 2015. The official inauguration of the statutes was held on November 10, 2016, the UN Day of Science for Peace and Development.
Julia Kempe is a French, German, and Israeli researcher in quantum computing. She is currently the Director of the Center for Data Science at NYU and Professor at the Courant Institute.
Applying classical methods of machine learning to the study of quantum systems is the focus of an emergent area of physics research. A basic example of this is quantum state tomography, where a quantum state is learned from measurement. Other examples include learning Hamiltonians, learning quantum phase transitions, and automatically generating new quantum experiments. Classical machine learning is effective at processing large amounts of experimental or calculated data in order to characterize an unknown quantum system, making its application useful in contexts including quantum information theory, quantum technologies development, and computational materials design. In this context, it can be used for example as a tool to interpolate pre-calculated interatomic potentials or directly solving the Schrödinger equation with a variational method.
Ivette Fuentes is a Professor of Quantum Physics at the University of Southampton and Emmy Fellow at Keble College, University of Oxford. Her work considers fundamental quantum mechanics, quantum optics and their interplay with General Relativity. She is interested in how quantum information theory can make use of relativistic effects.
Tensor networks or tensor network states are a class of variational wave functions used in the study of many-body quantum systems. Tensor networks extend one-dimensional matrix product states to higher dimensions while preserving some of their useful mathematical properties.
Gaurav Khanna is an Indian-American black hole physicist, supercomputing innovator, academic and researcher. He is a Professor of Physics, and the founding Director of Research Computing and the Center for Computational Research at University of Rhode Island.
Giuseppe Carleo is an Italian physicist. He is a professor of computational physics at EPFL and the head of the Laboratory of Computational Quantum Science.
Manlio De Domenico is an Italian physicist and complex systems scientist, currently Professor of Physics at the University of Padua and previously at the Fondazione Bruno Kessler in Trento (Italy). In 2014 he has co-founded the Mediterranean School of Complex Networks, and in 2019 he has contributed to found the Italian Chapter of the Complex Systems Society.
References
- ↑ "Faculty Profile at the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology". skoltech.ru. Retrieved May 9, 2022.
- ↑ Biamonte, Jacob (2021). "Universal variational quantum computation". Physical Review A. 103 (3): L030401. arXiv: 1903.04500 . doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.103.L030401 .
- ↑ Biamonte, Jacob; Wittek, Peter; Nicola, Pancotti; Rebentrost, Patrick; Wiebe, Nathan; Lloyd, Seth (2017). "Quantum machine learning". Nature. 549 (7671): 195–202. arXiv: 1611.09347 . doi:10.1038/nature23474. PMID 28905917. S2CID 64536201.
- ↑ "Mathematics Genealogy Project". genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu. Retrieved May 9, 2022.
- ↑ "Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dissertation Council". mipt.ru. Retrieved May 9, 2022.
- ↑ Biamonte, Jacob (2022). On the mathematical structure of quantum models of computation based on Hamiltonian minimisation (DSc). Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. p. 242. arXiv: 2009.10088 .
- ↑ "The 2018 USERN Prize Ceremony in Reggio Calabria". usern.tums.ac.ir. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
- ↑ "Awarded Projects Announcements". fqxi.org. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
- ↑ "Six Degrees to the Emergence of Reality, FQXi interview, by Carinne Piekema". fqxi.org. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
